• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.444-462
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• 2003

There has been emerging general agreement on the relative importance of producer services in a economy. This research describes the spatial patterns and trends in producer services at different spatial scales. The other research aim is to explain the impacts of producer services on spatial changes at the national level and at the intra-metropolitan level in Seoul. Producer services have highly concentrated in metropolises, especially Seoul. Between 1986 to 2001, an important spatial change in the producer services at the national level has been their growth in the Capital Region, reinforcing the role and function of Seoul. This reinforced role of Seoul is closely related to its competitive advantages arising from economies of urban. There have been some dramatic changes in the location of producer services within Seoul. The most important change was the growth of the Youngdong area, previously a sub-center for businesses, as the most important location for producer services, exceeding the previous dominant role of the CBD area. The changing urban form of Seoul is partly related to the onset of some diseconomies of urbanization in the CBD, while at the same time Youngdong has reached a stage at which it is benefiting from the agglomeration of a variety of firms, in addition to a favourable social and physical infrastructure.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.672-684
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• 1996

This paper explores the inter-ethnic conflicts between Blocks and Hispanics focusing on the emergent Hispanic ethnictity that reveals situational character in the US contexts. In the US census categories, major groups are indetified by race and ethnicity in which the Hispanic orgin is a category based on their common language while diverse in nationality. The census defined Hispanic category extends conveniently to acquiesce Affirmative Action and other government resource distribution. Internally, Hispanics have established numerous organizations to coalesce and assure their interests. The achieved dual language program and jurisdictional revision to represent language minority work as leverages to their cohesiveness. Under diminishing public resources and welfare payment, it is more difficult sharing burdens than benefits between minority groups. Block are not comfortable with the benefits Hispanics receive form the civil rights achievement without having had to struggle for it. The ethnic conflicts of the have-nots have become a new ethnic phenomenon attributable to the emergent Hispanic ethnicity.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.497-516
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• 2017

This study explored the meaning and essential structure of the life of 12 older wage earners who are 65 years old or older residing in Seoul. For the in-depth analysis of the qualitative interviews, Giorgi(2012)'s phenomenological research method was used. Results presented a total of 349 meaning units, 35 core meanings, 16 emerging themes, and 6 essential themes. These essential themes consisted of a life tolerating contempt and prejudice, the hungry belly in the later years, a yoke of the subordinate, an unclimbable vertical wall, reviving the hours of youth through working, and labor pride. These six essential themes led to the essential structure of'small happiness that is felt at times out of the weary working life in later years. The research participants felt worn out by the social discrimination and unfair working conditions against older wage earners, but they felt relieved that they were able to work in old age and had a sense of self-esteem through their work. Working was the important tools for older wage earners to experience happiness in later years because it not only relieved their financial burden but also brought a sense of self-esteem and labor pride. Based on the results, we suggested as following: 1) with respect to social discrimination and unfair working conditions against older workers, the whole society should discuss it as the protection of human rights and take legal actions; 2) various service jobs need to be created so that older workers can contribute to the society by utilizing their experiences; and 3) educational programs of computer or internet use must be expanded through which older wage earners can improve their job skills.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.808-834
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• 2007

This study attempts to elucidate manifold dimensions of gendered accessibility experiences. How gender roles(household responsibilities) differentiate accessibility experiences between women and men is explored through the comparison of married dual-earner couples' parental status, using the US Portland activity-travel diary dataset with GIS-based geocomputation results of(time-geography based) space-time accessibility. First, this study shows how gender division of labor within the household still permeates current society, despite the widespread belief of the social change toward a gender-egalitarian society. Then, the study pays special attention to the way gender roles structure individual accessibility experiences of women and men differently, and, in turn, the way such accessibility experiences take a form of gendered spatiality. Gendered spatiality is examined through the analysis of accessibility space as well as activity space in order to ascertain women's home-attached and spatially entrapped characteristics. More household responsibilities throughout a day and, even more, the time constraint of picking up children at the daycare centers after work lead women's possible activity space to be more home-centered. The analysis of the spatio-temporal context of accessibility space makes gendered spatiality visible. However, the findings suggest that behavioral outcomes should be understood with an explicit awareness of constraints individuals face. It is because the revealed activity spaces can be not only an outcome of constraint but also an outcome of choice. Behavioral outcomes should not be treated as a straightforward expression of the level of constraints. It is problematic to expect that behavioral outcomes directly mirror the level of constraints. It is also problematic to suppose that the level of constraints can be straightforwardly elicited from revealed behavioral outcomes.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.129-149
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine in depth the personal experience of Instructor during National Competence Standards (NCS) Curriculum at Department of Library and Information Science. We conducted in depth interview (FGI) with participants who had recently experienced and data analysis was undertaken. We hope this study that an application of NCS would be activated fully in Library, educational institutes and qualifying examination institutes and that diverse feedbacks from related parties would makes leading to a better updated version of NCS development. As a result, First, The instructor had generally familiar with the background and purpose of the NCS. and they issued the inadequacies of job elements, non-reflection of the opinion on field education, the problems of classification of NCS. second, In the experience of NCS curriculum operating, There were the paperwork burden, Problems of methods of evaluation, evaluation period discrimination, the need to well communication with students. Third, In the problems on the NCS Curriculum operating, we found that there were The need on the proper Class size/hour, additional education, re-evaluation, Support system for NCS Curriculum operation, tools for practice, discrimination between relative evaluation and NCS evaluation, Enhancement for Competence/Standards. Fourth, On The ways of improving for NCS curriculum, We found that There were Class size, Support tools for practice, The improvement Competence/elements/standards based on LIS characteristic. The result of this study may contribute for improving the overall environment Based upon FGI analysis, several new directions for NCS education in the filed LIS curriculum are suggested.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.47-68
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to provide information on adoptive families and obtain the basis data for adoption-related programs that are useful to adoptive families by examining their experiences in the adoption process, post-adoption adaptation, and adoption programs. For the study, in-depth interviews were conducted on six mothers who publicly adopted elementary school children and had expressed high satisfaction with adopted families and their willingness to participate in this research voluntarily. The main results exhibited parents' happiness post-adoption along with positive changes, such as internal growth, marital love growth, favorable response from others, and child's unexpected responses to adoption. However, open adoption mothers have coped with efforts to sympathize with and accept their children's feelings as they suffer from adoption, and with active support from their spouses, parents, and their own children. Open adoption mothers participated in various adoption-related programs, support, and voluntary self-help groups provided by adoption agencies or public organizations, and above all, their experience in self-help groups and peer groups of adopted children was found to be very useful. Based on these main results, we suggested strengthening welfare services for open adoption families, implementing education to better understand adoption, education for school teachers, students, and welfare staff, providing practical programs for adoptive families, and promoting self-help groups.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.405-411
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• 2019

The purpose of the study is to investigate a usability of using fashion and beauty service and suggest better user experience on Instagram's newly released mobile video platform, IGTV. The study expects to be a resource of improving the usability on fashion and beauty contents on IGTV and encourage further research for suggesting better guidelines. As a research method, it will experiment current mobile video service first with literature review. Afterwards, the research conducted tasks and in-depth interview with eight Instagram users to evaluate a usability of using fashion and beauty service on IGTV. As a result, it is able to derive two plans that needed improvement. Firstly, IGTV is required to have high accessibility for user's to use service longer and intuitive user experience. Secondly, unlike previous service that Instagram have offered, IGTV need to differentiate to share and get information of fashion and beauty trends.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.241-260
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• 2010

This study aims to fully understand the experience of elderly men living alone in a single room occupancy(Chokbang) by identifying the meaning and essence of their experiences. This research used purposive sampling. The data were collected for 7 months from september 2008 to march 2009. Eight elderly men participated in the interview. Mainly the semi-structured in-depth interview and focus group interview were used. The data analysis was based on Giorgi's 4 types of specific steps. As a result, 4 components and 16 subordinate components were drawn from the analysis. The components resulted from the analysis are: , , , . Based on these results, I discussed the attitudes of the elderly men living alone in Chokbang in meaningful and gender-sensitive ways. Moreover, I provided social welfare connotation and future research suggestions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.58
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• pp.205-229
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in the impact of exposure to peer delinquency among elementary school-age students and the mediating effects of aggression. The study utilized 458 cases (220 male students, 238 female students) of data from the 2015 Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS) conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs (KIHASA). The theoretical frameworks used in this study included Bandura's social learning theory, Akers' social learning theory, and Sutherland's differential association theory. The findings were as follows. First, there was no statistically significant effect on peer group's delinquency experience overall, aggression, and delinquency experience by gender. Second, male students' delinquency experience of their peer group had a statistically significant effect on their delinquency, however, this was not true for female students. Third, in the case of male students, aggression was found to mediate the relationship between peer group delinquency experience and their own delinquency, but not for female students. From these findings, we suggest a practical and policy-driven intervention plan, focusing on reducing the contact frequency of delinquency experience and aggression, The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in the impact of exposure to peer delinquency among elementary school-age students and the mediating effects of aggression. The study utilized 458 cases (220 male students, 238 female students) of data from the 2015 Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS) conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs (KIHASA). The theoretical frameworks used in this study included Bandura's social learning theory, Akers' social learning theory, and Sutherland's differential association theory. The findings were as follows. First, there was no statistically significant effect on peer group's delinquency experience overall, aggression, and delinquency experience by gender. Second, male students'delinquency experience of their peer group had a statistically significant effect on their delinquency, however, this was not true for female students. Third, in the case of male students, aggression was found to mediate the relationship between peer group delinquency experience and their own delinquency, but not for female students. From these findings, we suggest a practical and policy-driven intervention plan, focusing on reducing the contact frequency of delinquency experience and aggression, which was found to adversely affect elementary school students' delinquency.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.673-685
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to specifically investigate the factors that affect maintenance, relapse, and recovery after the abstinence of female drug addicts. For such purpose, ten females who repeated drug addiction and are currently in recovery were selected as the study participants to carry out in-depth interviews. The original materials were analyzed using descriptive phenomenological methods of Giorgi. The results of the analysis showed that most participants experienced discrimination and inhospitable treatment in their childhood. They began taking drugs as an escape from their difficult realities or out of curiosity and worked at adult entertainment establishments, living as a drug addict for a long time. Drugs gave them extreme sexual pleasure and it was difficult for them to recover as their body became dependent on drugs. However, as they experienced religious awakening or existential existence, they gained an opportunity for newly understanding themselves. Social support was an essential resource for their recovery. However, various kinds of trauma that they experienced in their lives acted as a factor to worsen drug addiction. Based on the study results, this study proposes spirituality, actual programs, and trauma treatment approaches that can contribute to the restructuring of life.