• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.415-432
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• 1999

짝자료(paired data)에서 결측값이 발생했을 때에 이 자료를 처리할 수 있는 여러통계검정 방법들을 고찰해보았다. 결측값들을 어떻게 처리하는 지에 따라서 다섯 가지 방법으로 분류해 보았고, 이 방법들이 짝 t-검정에 미치는 효과를 모의실험을 통해 비교해 보았다. 결측값들에 대한 세 종류의 메카니즘을 고려하여 검정크기와 검정력을 구하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.23 no.3 s.31
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• pp.247-254
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• 1990

짝짓기 방법은 교란변수를 통제하기 가장 좋은 방법으로 알려져 있으나, 모수추정시 그 계산방법이 복잡하고, 포함된 모든 정보를 이용할 수 없다는 단점을 갖고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고, conditional 모델을 이용한 matched 분석법은 짝지은 자료 분석시 가장 좋은 방법으로 인정되고 있다. 그러나 명확한 confounding 현상을 통제할 목적이 아닌 상태에서 짝지워진 자료를 matched 분석법으로 모수추정하는 경우나, 올바로 짝지워진 자료를 분석법의 편이성 때문에 unmatched 분석을 시도하는 경우, 오히려 estimation bias가 야기될 수 있다. 이러한 estimation bias의 통제능력을 몇 가지 분석방법을 이용하여 비교하고자, 1:2로 대응된 한 환자-대조군 자료를 이용하여 Mantel-Haenszel 분석법, 두가지의 unconditional model을 이용한 다변량분석법의 결과를 conditional model을 이용한 matched 분석법의 결과와 비교하였다. 1. Matched 분석법의 대용방법으로 사용된 세 가지 방법들은 모수추정면에서나 가설검정능력면에서 차이를 서로 보이지 않았다. 2. 짝짓기에 사용된 변수가 분석자료내에서 confounder나 effect modifier로 작용되지 않았음이 명백한 경우에는 이들 세 가지 통제 방법과 matched 분석법간에 차이가 없었다. 3. 짝짓기에 사용된 변수가 분석자료내에서 effect modifier로 작용하지는 않았으나, Confounder로 작용한 것으로 추정되는 경우, unmatched 분석법으로 인해 야기된 estimation bias의 통제능력이 이들 세 가지 대용방안 모두에서 인정되었다. 4. 짝짓기에 사용된 변수가 분석자료내에서 effect modifier로 작용하고 있음을 직접 확인할 수 있는 경우에는, overmatching에 의한 estimation bias를 의심할 수 있었으며, 이들 세 가지 통제방법은 오히려 unmatched 분석 방법에 가까운 모수를 추정하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.198-205
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• 2010

The subjects of this study were 100 female cancer patients in wearing wigs. First survey was before wearing wigs for the female cancer patients who started losing their hair due to the side effect of the anti-cancer and second survey was after a month in wearing wigs. This study was purposed to analyze the recognition change before and after wearing wigs of the female cancer patients who started losing their hair due to the side effect of the anti-cancer. The gathered data were examined and analyzed through frequency analysis, paired t-test based on the recognition change which affect the quality of life before and after wearing wigs, and change of recognition related to the wigs. According to the results of this study, it is necessary to add wearing wigs as additional services in national health insurance and to educate desirable support program for life quality of female cancer patients in hospital.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.129-136
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• 2019

There are a variety of entities in natural language such as people, organizations, places, and products. These entities can have many various meanings. The ambiguity of entity is a very challenging task in the field of natural language processing. Entity Linking(EL) is the task of linking the entity in the text to the appropriate entity in the knowledge base. Pairwise based approach, which is a representative method for solving the EL, is a method of solving the EL by using the association between two entities in a sentence. This method considers only the interdependence between entities appearing in the same sentence, and thus has a limitation of global interdependence. In this paper, we developed an Entity2vec model that uses Word2vec based on knowledge base of RDF type in order to solve the EL. And we applied the algorithms using the generated model and ranked each entity. In this paper, to overcome the limitations of a pairwise approach, we devised a pairwise approach based on comprehensive interdependency and compared it.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of paired-group sensory integration therapy on sensory processing, peer interaction, and play development of four-year-old children. Methods : This study involved 13 weekly sessions of a four-minute intervention as well as an initial 10 minutes of parental counseling for those without experience of paired-group sensory integration therapy. The intervention consisted of sensory processing activities and various occupational activities, and the children's Short Sensory Profile (SSP), Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale (PIPPS), and Knox Preschool Play Scale-Revised (KPPS-R) were measured before and after the sessions for comparison. The results are presented using visualized data. Results : After the paired-group interventions, all subjects showed improved sensory processing ability according to their SSP scores and improved play development on the KPPS-R. Moreover, the frequency of negative interactions decreased in the PIPPS measure. Conclusion : This paired-group sensory integration therapy had a positive effect on sensory processing, peer interaction, and play for children with developmental delay. In the future, research that applies this kind of paired-group intervention in various age groups would be useful.

• 가정의 벗
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• v.37 no.11 s.435
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• pp.12-13
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• 2004

얼마 전 난생 처음 결혼식 주례를 부탁받게 되었는데 황당도 하고 착잡하기도 했지만 결혼에 대한 반추해 보는 시간이 되었다. 결혼은 서로 칭찬하고 격려하는 것이며 짝지워진 배우자를 비교하지 말고 최상급으로 생각하며 사는 것이 아닐까.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.20-29
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• 1998

연구의 배경 앉은 자세에서 일어서기는 일상생활동작중 흔한 동작중의 하나이다. 노인들을 포함한 많은 환자들은 앉은 자세에서 일어서기에 어려움이 있고 속도가 감소한다. 이 연구의 목적은 다른 두 속도로 앉은 자세에서 일어서는 동작을 실행할 때 최대 지면반발력의 세개의 요소를 비교하는 것이다. 대상자 22명의 건강한 성인 (20-36세)을 대상으로 하였다. 실험방법 앉은 자세에서 일어서기동작 수행중 최대 지면반발력을 측정하기 위하여 힘판을 사용하였다. 대상자들은 메트로놈을 이용하여 각각 느린 속도 (3초: 총 앉은 자세에서 일어서기동작 수행시간)와 빠른 속도(1.5초)에서 앉은 자세에서 일어서기를 수행하였다. 느린 속도와 빠른 속도중 최대 지면반발력을 비교하기 위해 짝비교 t-검정을 사용하였다. 결과 빠른 속도시 최대 지면반발력의 수직(p<0.05), 전-후(p<0.05), 내-외(p<0.05) 요소에서 느린 속도시와 차이가 있었다. 최대 지면반발력의 모든 요소가 움직임의 속도의 증가에 비례하여 증가하였다. 토의 및 결론 빠른 속도의 앉은 자세에서 일어서기를 수행하기 위해서는 최대 지면반발력의 수직, 전-후요소의 추진력이 요구된다. 최대 지면반발력의 내-외요소는 상전방으로 작용하는 모멘트의 증가에 대한 제동력으로 생각된다. 또한, 빠른 속도로 앉은 자세에서 일어서기 동작을 수행하기 위하여 추진력은 일어서는 순간의 모멘트에 대한 지면반발력의 내-외요소에 영향을 미친다. 이라한 결과들은 앉은 자세에서 일어서기 동작에 어려움을 갖는 노인이나 환자들의 노력을 덜기위해 느린 속도의 움직임이 필요함을 제안한다.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.49-66
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• 2007

This research tries to find out the effect bibliotherapy has upon the stress of college students in the process of self-formation. Actually, bibliotherapy was carried out in the Library of S College for eight weeks and the stress college students undergo in the process of self-formation having been studied closely, a paired t-test has been carried out in order to compare the. difference between the stress levels of the students after bibliotherapy and those before the therapy. The result shows that bibliotherapy had been notably effective in decreasing the students' stress in the process of self-formation. Therefore, it is suggested that college libraries need to inform their students of bibliotherapy and to develop various programs to promote it.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.261-288
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• 2011

We examined the effects of pair assistant collaborative learning on academic achievement of the 2nd year middle school students in the three subjects such as the Probability, Properties of Figures and Similarities of Figures. In order to carry out this study, we selected 2 classes of 2nd year students in a girls middle school in the Fall semester of 2009 and set up the experiment group and comparison group by the result of academic achievement tests given in the end of the Spring semester of 2009. Pair assistant collaborative learning was adopted for students in problem solving 2 or 3 times per a week in the experiment group and each academic achievement was given at the end of each subject in both groups. Also, we had a final survey to find out students' attitude to this collaborative learning. The achievement and survey were analysed by statistical methods. We conclude that our pair assistant collaborative learning was effective in Probability and Similarities of Figures Units. According to the result of survey, this collaborative learning brought about an opportunity to promote students' community spirit through reflecting each one's role in the group.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.49-63
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of study was to verify the clinical effect of a Korean Computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program(called CoTras) for recovering the visual perception function and ADL in stroke. Methods : A CBCRT was applied to 14 Stoke patients who rehabilitation professional medical treatment hospital. All participant were evaluated with four standardized assessment tolls(Motor-Free Visual Perception Test; MVPT, Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination; MMSE-K, Assesment of Motor and Process Skills: AMPS) before and after the planned computer based cognitive rehabilitation sessions. Results : A significant effect was confirmed (p<.05) from the CBCRT which visual perception function. By each entry comparative result, visual memory, figure ground, visual close, spatial relation, visual discrimination, were the order of treatment. Neither was found any significant effect in improving process skills from AMPS. Conclusion : These results indicate that CoTras have effects on improving visual perception and ADL performance in stroke patients. Will be able to present with the fundamental data CoTras will be able to contribute to increase visual perception function & ADL performance to the stroke patient who has visual perception dysfunction.