• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.201-208
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• 1994

In order to study the effect of exsisting soil nutritional elements on the nitrogen uptake of sunflower, sorghum and black gram, pot experiment was carried out by using soils sampled from three different depths(0~20, 45~65, 90~110cm) of Brigalow soil in Australia. The results obtained were as follows : Dry matter and nitrogen uptake of corps were increased in the soil with higher nitrogen content. Chlorine uptakes of sunflower and sorghum were increased in the soil with higher nitrogen and lower chlorine contents, but that of black gram was done in the soil with higher contents of both elements. Ratios of nitrogen derived from applied fertilizer of three corps and fixed nitrogen of black gram were relatively low in the soil with higher content of soil nitrogen, but those derived from soil nitrogen were reverse. Recovery rates of applied nitrogen were relatively increased with higher cation uptakes of crops. Chlorine uptakes of sunflower and sorghum were positively correlated with each recovery of nitrogen, but that of black gram didn't show the trend. Recovery rate of applied nitrogen for black gram had significantly negative correlation with increase of soil chloride content.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.185-188
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• 2005

나노 입자 분무 기법을 이용한 $Cu(In,\;Ga)Se_2$ (CIGS) 광흡수층 제조 기법은 고진공 장치를 사용하지 않는다는 점에서 대면적 저가형 CIGS 태양전지 양산에 적합한 차세대 기술로 인식되고 있다. 그러나 일반적으로 스프레이 된 상태의 CIGS충 자체는 태양전지 제조에 적합하지 않은데 이는 스프레이 막의 다공성 구조 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 나노입자 분무 기법을 이용하여 증착한 CIGS 광흡수층막을 질소 또는 셀레늄 분위기에서 열처리함으로써 태양전지 제조에 적합한 치밀한 구조의 CIGS 광흡수충을 제조하고자 하였다. 실험 결과, 질소 분위기 $500^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 1시간 열처리하여도 CIGS 나노 입자의 성장은 거의 일어나지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 셀레늄 분위기 $500^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 30분 열처리시 입자 크기가 $1{\mu}m$이상인 치밀한 광흡수층을 얻을 수 있었다. 본 결과는 CIGS 나노 입자의 입자 성장 반응에서 열에너지 단독에 의한 표면 에너지 감소 효과는 미미하며 셀레늄 증기의 역할이 더욱 크다는 것을 의미하는 것이다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.220-225
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• 2013

This experiment was carried out to elucidate the effects of silicate and different application forms of N on the uptake of water and N by rice plants. Three rice cultivars, Ilpum, Anda and M202, were grown under the hydroponics in a phytotron. One-hundred ppm silica was applied for silicate treatment. For nitrogen application forms were 100% $NH_4$ and $NH_4+NO_3$ in 2:1 ratio were applied. Silica treatment, compared to silica free, was very effective on the nitrogen uptake and dry weight increase of rice plants. Although silica application demonstrated no significant effect on the amount of water uptake, it improved increased water and nitrogen use efficiency. Therefore, sufficient application of silicate in paddy field will be useful for the growth of rice plants and water saving.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.571-583
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• 2006

To secure high yield and good quality of rice, plant growth and nitrogen (N) nutrition status should be taken into account for managing panicle N topdressing (PN). This research aimed at investigating the rice yield response to PN under different plant growth and N nutrition status that was conditioned by different rates of basal and tillering N fertilizer (BTN). Stepwise multiple regression (SMR) was used for the analysis of yield response to (i) BTN and PN, and (ii) shoot N content at PIS (BTNup) and shoot N uptake from PIS to harvest (PNup). Rice yield increased significantly as BTN and PN Increased, but there was no significant interaction between BTN and PN. Yield increased almost linearly with the increasing BTN and PN up to $10{\sim}12$ and $6{\sim}7\;kgN/10a$, and with the increasing BTNup and PNup up to $6{\sim}7$ and $5{\sim}6\;kgN/10a$, respectively. But yield increment tended to decrease above those levels. These declines resulted from the decreased ripened grain ratio and 1000 grain weight even though spikelet number per unit area increased more at above those N levels. Spikelet number per unit area had the linear relationships with the shoot N uptake until heading, and with yield. Like most yield response curves, yield response in this experiment followed the diminishing return function with BTNup, PNup, and plant N uptake from seeding to harvest. Regardless of the degree of BTNup and PNup, yield had a quadratic relationship ($R^{2}$>0.88) with whole shoot N accumulation until harvest, suggesting that the yield determination was closely related with the whole shoot N uptake until harvest regardless of the differences in seasonal shoot N uptake.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 1991

The influence of phosphorus and nitrogen application on the uptake of radioactive strontium by Chinese cabbage and raddish was studied in pot experiments. The dry matter yield of Chinese cabbage and raddish increased with the application of phosphorus and nitrogen. High yield of raddish was obtained by the additions of nitrate while Chinese cabbage was obtained by the ammonium. The content of potassium in the vegetables was enhanced by the application of phosphorus. and the calcium content increased with the application of nitrogen. The content of $^{90}Sr$ was higher in the raddish than in the Chinese cabbage while the $^{90}Sr$ activity in the dry matter of vegetables decreased considerably with the application of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizer. This indicates that the suppression of uptake was more effective with the application of nitrate than with ammonium.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2008

Sufficient inorganic nitrogen supply for crop growth is crucial for economically sustainable organic farming. The effects of an application of cover crop biomass on crop growth, nitrogen utilization and carbohydrate composition were investigated during early stage. Short-term changes in soil nitrogen after incorporating fresh hairy vetch and rye shoots were measured. The inorganic nitrogen from cover crops reached the peak at 15 ($NH_4-N$) and 24 ($NO_3-N$) days after incorporation, and then decreased rapidly. The highest concentration of soil nitrate showed at 27 days of incorporation in hairy vetch and at 18 days in rye, and three fold differences exhibited between two treatments. Crop growth under hairy vetch or rye incorporation significantly differed. At 20 DAT, dry matter production in NPK and hairy vetch was about two fold greater than that in rye. Difference in decomposing rates of hairy vetch and rye had also influence on nitrogen status in leaves and roots of pepper plants. Total nitrogen was greater in NPK and hairy vetch than in rye until 20 DAT, whereas inorganic nitrogen (nitrate and nitrite) concentration was higher in rye. Temporal changes in soluble sugars and starch in pepper plants among treatments were similar, although difference in the amount existed. It was suggested that hairy vetch as an alternative nitrogen source promoted crop growth and mineral utilization during early growth stage, whereas an obvious effect in rye was not found.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.150-154
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• 1982

Top-dressing pot experiment with $^{15}N$ urea was carried out by using three varieties. Two-split application was much better for Tongil line than 4-split. Fertilization efficiency (Fe), use efficiency (Eu) and absorbed fertilizer nitrogen efficiency (Ef) were much greater in 2-split than in 4-split. The order of Fe followed that of Ef. Grain yield and $^{15}N$ excess % among plant parts suggest that Tonsil line uptakes fertilizer nitrogen much in early stage and retranslocated well later. The order of soil nitrogen increment in plant per fertilizer nitrogen in plant $({\Delta}Ns/Nf)$ might be an index of soil nitrogen use efficiency due to fertilizer.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.208-214
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• 1985

An attempt to evaluate yield response and efficiency of N fertilizer was made with the data obtained from various rice cultivars during 1978 to 1983. 1. The optimum rate of N fertilizer for maximum yield varied from 13.9 to 28.0 kg/10a with rice varieties. 2. The cultivars with high optimum N levels were high in N content (straw) and N uptake (straw+grain) at harvesting stage, but low in production efficiency and use efficiency of N. 3. The yield increment at the optimum rates of N in comparison with no N application among the rice varieties were 29-101%. 4. The cultivars with hish yield increment at optimum rate were high in the N content (straw+grain), and production efficiency at harvesting stage.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.15
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• pp.115-121
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• 1974

Artificial induction of nitrogen deficiency symptoms (leaf chlorosis) with two root respiratory inhibitors(DNP and Na$_2$S) was studied and regarded to be the same characteristic to red discoloration in rice var. Tongil seedling leaves as well as adult ones. Tongil(IR 667) was shown to be more nitrogen sensitive and have more distinctive appearance of the leaf discoloration than Punggwang(a native Japonica-type varity.) Conclusions were drawn from the present data that so-called red discoloration of Tongil under the natural field conditions is brought about either by insufficient nitrogen supply in soils or certain factors which may limit at any time the root absorption of nitrogen (low temperature, toxic gases or substances, poor drainage, around roots, etc.) in soils even with ample supply of it.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1997.05a
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• pp.46-52
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• 1997

소과종 수박의 고밀도 지주재배시 질소시비량을 260kg/㏊, 200, 140, 0, 무비구로 하여 생육, 수양, 품질 및 무기양분 흡수에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 가. 생육특성은 질소시용구가 0kg시용구와 무비구보다 초장, 엽면적, 생체중 및 건물중이 좋았고, 질소시용구간에는 차이가 없었으며 엽수는 모든 처리구에서 차이가 없었다. 나. 수량특성은 140kg/ha시용구가 32,010kg/ha로 가장 높았고, 착과율도 79%로 가장 높았다. 다. 품질특성은 140kg 시용구가 식미지수 3.9, 당도 12.5 $^{\circ}$Bx로 다른 처리구보다 좋았고, 무비구가 12.0 $^{\circ}$Bx로 처리구 중에서 가장 낮았다. 과피두께는 질소 시비량이 증가할수록 두꺼웠다. 라. 식물체(잎)내 T-N의 함량은 질소시비량이 많았던 처리구일수록 증가폭이 컸으며, 모든 처리구에서 생육중기에 가장 많이 흡수되었다. 인산함량은 질소시비량에 따라서 큰 차이가 없었으며 칼슘함량은 질소시비량이 많을수록 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 마그네슘 함량은 칼슘과는 달리 질소시비량이 많을수록 생육후기에 낮았다. 마. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 소과종 수박을 밀식하여 지주재배를 실시할 때 토양 염류집적을 줄여주고, 품질 및 수량을 향상시키기 위해서는 질소시비량을 대과종 수박재배시의 70% 수준으로 줄여서 시비하는 것이 바람직하다고 사료된다.