Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
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Impacts of Cover Crops on Early Growth, Nitrogen Uptake and Carbohydrate Composition of Pepper Plants

고추의 초기생장, 질소흡수 및 탄수화물 합성에 대한 녹비작물 시용효과

  • 성좌경 (농업과학기술원 친환경농업과) ;
  • 이상민 (농업과학기술원 친환경농업과) ;
  • 이용환 (농업과학기술원 친환경농업과) ;
  • 최두회 (농업과학기술원 친환경농업과) ;
  • 김태완 (한경대학교 식물자원과학과) ;
  • 송범헌 (충북대학교 식물자원학과)
  • Received : 2007.12.23
  • Accepted : 2008.01.24
  • Published : 2008.02.28
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Abstract

Sufficient inorganic nitrogen supply for crop growth is crucial for economically sustainable organic farming. The effects of an application of cover crop biomass on crop growth, nitrogen utilization and carbohydrate composition were investigated during early stage. Short-term changes in soil nitrogen after incorporating fresh hairy vetch and rye shoots were measured. The inorganic nitrogen from cover crops reached the peak at 15 ($NH_4-N$) and 24 ($NO_3-N$) days after incorporation, and then decreased rapidly. The highest concentration of soil nitrate showed at 27 days of incorporation in hairy vetch and at 18 days in rye, and three fold differences exhibited between two treatments. Crop growth under hairy vetch or rye incorporation significantly differed. At 20 DAT, dry matter production in NPK and hairy vetch was about two fold greater than that in rye. Difference in decomposing rates of hairy vetch and rye had also influence on nitrogen status in leaves and roots of pepper plants. Total nitrogen was greater in NPK and hairy vetch than in rye until 20 DAT, whereas inorganic nitrogen (nitrate and nitrite) concentration was higher in rye. Temporal changes in soluble sugars and starch in pepper plants among treatments were similar, although difference in the amount existed. It was suggested that hairy vetch as an alternative nitrogen source promoted crop growth and mineral utilization during early growth stage, whereas an obvious effect in rye was not found.

유기농업에서 적절한 질소의 공급은 작물생육을 위하여 중요한 일이다. 본 실험은 고추생육초기에 작물생육, 질소이용 및 탄수화물 합성에 대한 녹비작물 시용효과를 알아보고자 수행하였다. 녹비시용 후 30일간 토양 무기태 질소함량을 조사한 결과, 녹비종류에 따라 시용 후 15~25일경에 녹비의 유기태질소는 무기태질소로 대부분 분해되었다. 토양 질산태질소 함량은 헤어리베치 처리구가 호밀 처리구에 비해 3배 가량 높았다. 이러한 질소공급량의 차이는 고추의 생육과 질소흡수량에 큰 영향을 미쳤는데, 정식 후 20일에 측정된 고추 건물생산량은 호밀처리구에 비해 헤어리베치처리구에서 2배 가량 많았으며, 질소 흡수량도 12% 가량 높았다. 생장지수를 고려할 때 호밀 처리구의 고추는 정식 후 20일 이후에 화학비료구 또는 헤어리베치 처리구에 준하는 수준에 도달하였다. 고추 잎과 뿌리의 탄수화물은 정식초기 질소흡수량의 부족으로 체내에 많이 축적되었으나 활착 이 후 질소흡수량의 증가는 탄수화물의 이용을 촉진하였다. 따라서 질소비료의 대체원으로 헤어리베치를 기비로서 이용할 경우 정상적인 작물생육을 기대할 수 있으나, 호밀은 느린 분해율로 인하여 작물의 초기생육에 효과적이지 못한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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