• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.1 no.2 s.2
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• pp.423-438
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to understand how a teacher's teaching can be changed while he or she teaches the same contents in different classes. The qualitative research method was used in this study. Data were collected from classroom observations, several in-depth interviews, and stimulated-recall interviews after each class. All the data were transcribed and analyzed interpretively, and then, the results of the analysis were checked by each participating teacher. The results are as follows: First, changes appeared in each class in terms of the teaching items, tools, sequence, and time, even though the same teacher taught the same contents. It showed that the teacher's teaching practice changed immediately and intuitively in class. Second, teachers tried to implement "exploratory teaching" or "move-testing teaching" to address the emerging problems during their teaching. They then reflected on and modified their own teaching. This type of change, which happened during the teaching practice, can be an example of "Reflection-in-practice." Thus, the results of this study can provide helpful insights into how teachers might adapt and reflect in their teaching. It suggests that teachers need to recognize their subconscious teaching changes and learn "Reflection-in-practice."

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.14B no.6
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• pp.453-460
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• 2007

In this paper, we present a method to extract the text lines in poorly structured documents. The text lines may have different orientations, considerably curved shapes, and there are possibly a few wide inter-word gaps in a text line. Those text lines can be found in posters, blocks of addresses, artistic documents. Our method based on the traditional perceptual grouping but we develop novel solutions to overcome the problems of insufficient seed points and vaned orientations un a single line. In this paper, we assume that text lines contained tone connected components, in which each connected components is a set of black pixels within a letter, or some touched letters. In our scheme, the connected components closer than an iteratively incremented threshold will make together a chain. Elongate chains are identified as the seed chains of lines. Then the seed chains are extended to the left and the right regarding the local orientations. The local orientations will be reevaluated at each side of the chains when it is extended. By this process, all text lines are finally constructed. The proposed method is good for extraction of the considerably curved text lines from logos and slogans in our experiment; 98% and 94% for the straight-line extraction and the curved-line extraction, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.61-69
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• 2018

Construction projects consist of long-term on-site production, and most disciplines are featured by outdoor works. Therefore, when a process plan is established, non-working days are calculated and reflected in a process schedule to comply with the planned construction period. However, necessary information and working methods are different in the course of the work, so the method of calculation varies depending on persons even for the same site, and the result is also very different. Therefore, scientific and quantitative understanding of business information is needed. This study reconstructed non-working day estimation process by collecting and organizing the information necessary for non-working day estimation, and designed the demonstration screen based on the reconstructed process and verified through expert interview at each stage. As a result, it showed about 69% reduction of work time and reliability of 92% work information matrix, and 80% of the experts evaluated the systemization of the relevant work. This study is expected to improve the understanding of work and increase the efficiency of work performance, and the study on systemization in the future should be continued.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2005

This study is to develop Bus Transit Route Analysis and Evaluation Model that can product the quantitative performance measures for Bus Transit Route Network Design. So far, in Korea, there are no so many models that evaluate a variety of other performance measures or service quality that are of concern to both the transit users and operator because of lower-level bus database system and transit route network analysis algorithm's limit. The BTRAEM in this research differ from the previous approach in that the BTRAEM employs a multiple path transit trip assignment model that explicitly considers the transfer and different travel time after boarding. And we develop input-output data structure and quantitative performance measure for the BTRAEM. In the numerical experimental applying BTRAEM to Mandl transit network, We got the meaningful results on performance measure of bus transit route network. In the future, we expect BTRAEM to give a good solution in real transit network.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.161-183
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• 2018

The purpose of this thesis is to study the Korea's Education Foundation Act and Japan's Education Foundation Act in a comparative way. The frame of comparison consists of three dimension: syntax analysis, way of legal conceptualization, and the educational climate and institutionalization. Major findings are as following: 1. Legal subjectives are clear in Korea but not clear in Japan 2. Civil relationship rules Korean education while public legal order rules Japanese education. 3. Partnership rules Korean education while administrative initiative rules Japanese education. 4. Curricular mandate is given to teachers in Korean education while to administrative hierarchy in Japanese education. 5. Public nature of schools means public credential in Korean education while public monopoly in Japanese education. 6. Professionalism is adopted for Korean teachers while missionary perspective adopted for Japanese teachers. 7. Korean education is expected to be secular while Japanese education is expected to reconcile with the traditional religious belief in Japan 8. Develop education still strongly orients the Korean education while education for sustainable development the Japanese education In summary, civil law frame is adopted in Korean education while in Japan public law frame is adopted in legalizing their Education Foundation Act. National climate influenced the education legislation in the two countries. Japan has strong missionary climate while Korea has secular perspective to education. Thess differences colored the way of literary expression in the legal text of the Education Foundation Act in the two countries.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.43-50
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• 2021

In this paper, we design and implement KITNESS, a windows application that feeds back the accuracy of fitness motions based on Kinect sensors. The feature of this application is to use Kinect's camera and joint recognition sensor to give feedback to the user to exercise in the correct fitness position. At this time, the distance between the user and the Kinect is measured using Kinect's IR Emitter and IR Depth Sensor, and the joint, which is the user's joint position, and the Skeleton data of each joint are measured. Using this data, a certain distance is calculated for each joint position and posture of the user, and the accuracy of the posture is determined. And it is implemented so that users can check their posture through Kinect's RGB camera. That is, if the user's posture is correct, the skeleton information is displayed as a green line, and if it is not correct, the inaccurate part is displayed as a red line to inform intuitively. Through this application, the user receives feedback on the accuracy of the exercise position, so he can exercise himself in the correct position. This application classifies the exercise area into three areas: neck, waist, and leg, and increases the recognition rate of Kinect by excluding positions that Kinect does not recognize due to overlapping joints in the position of each exercise area. And at the end of the application, the last exercise is shown as an image for 5 seconds to inspire a sense of accomplishment and to continuously exercise.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.407-419
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• 2022

The semiconductor fabrication process is complex and time-consuming. There are sometimes errors in the process, which results in defective die on the wafer bin map (WBM). We can detect the faulty WBM by finding some patterns caused by dies. When one manually seeks the failure on WBM, it takes a long time due to the enormous number of WBMs. We suggest a two-step approach to discover the probable pattern on the WBMs in this paper. The first step is to separate the normal WBMs from the defective WBMs. We adapt a hierarchical clustering for de-noising, which nicely performs this work by wisely tuning the number of minimum points and the cutting height. Once declared as a faulty WBM, then it moves to the next step. In the second step, we classify the patterns among the defective WBMs. For this purpose, we extract features from the WBM. Then machine learning algorithm classifies the pattern. We use a real WBM data set (WM-811K) released by Taiwan semiconductor manufacturing company.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.793-811
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to understand how a teacher's teaching can be changed while he or she teaches the same contents in different classes. The qualitative research method was used in this study. Data were collected from classroom observations, several in-depth interviews, and stimulated-recall interviews after each class. All the data were transcribed and analyzed interpretively, and then, the results of the analysis were checked by each participating teacher. The results are as follows: First, changes appeared in each class in terms of the teaching items, tools, sequence, and time, even though the same teacher taught the same contents. It showed that the teacher's teaching practice changed immediately and intuitively in class. Second, teachers tried to implement "exploratory teaching" or "move-testing teaching" to address the emerging problems during their teaching. They then reflected on and modified their own teaching. This type of change, which happened during the teaching practice, can be an example of "Reflection-in-practice." Thus, the results of this study can provide helpful insights into how teachers might adapt and reflect in their teaching. It suggests that teachers need to recognize their subconscious teaching changes and learn "Reflection-in-practice."

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.67-78
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• 2024

Light absorption has potential as a signal in biochemical analyses due to its simplicity in measurement and interpretational clarity. Among substances that generate absorption signals, gold nanoparticles possess advantages such as chemical stability, biological compatibility, and unique optical properties from the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the visible light range. They also exhibit versatility compared to other colorimetric substances effective only for specific target molecules, as they easily conjugate with various detection active substances like antibodies and aptamers. Particularly due to advantages such as low cost, ease of particle synthesis, and high environmental stability compared to enzyme-based colorimetric methods, gold nanoparticles are extensively researched as signal substances in colorimetric assays. This review summarizes various strategies utilizing gold nanoparticles as absorption signal substances, focusing on recent research. Based on the characteristics of gold nanoparticles, where the optical property is influenced by particle morphology, literature is classified and reviewed based on strategies controlling the shape of gold nanoparticles during signal generation. Through this, it is observed that gold nanoparticles, which have been used as absorption signal substances, continue to be actively researched, affirming their potential for broad and continuous improvement in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.322-330
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• 2008

The properties of discharge, luminance, and spectroscopy are investigated in a longitudinal and transverse discharge fluorescent lamps with tube of outer diameter 4 mm. The sample lamps are prepared to be three kinds of gas composition such as mercury lamps of Ne(95%)+Ar(5%)+Hg(2 mg), the mercury-free lamps of Xe 100% and Ne+Xe(4%). The gas pressure is in the range of $5{\sim}300\;Torr$. In the mercury lamps, the longitudinal discharge having a positive column is high in luminance and efficiency, while the transverse discharge is no luminance at all. In the Xe-lamps, the transverse discharge shows relatively good in efficiency as compared with the longitudinal discharge which has a high discharge voltage and a low luminance and efficiency. In the transverse discharge of relatively high efficiency, a pure Xe(100%) gas discharge has a higher efficiency than the mixture gas of Ne+Xe(4%). Through these experiments, the properties of mercury and xenon lamps are verified. In the mercury lamps, the longitudinal discharge of tubular fluorescent lamps is high in luminance and efficiency, while the transverse discharge of flat panel fluorescent lamps are low in luminance efficiency. In the mercury-free lamps, the flat fluorescent lamps of transverse discharge having a high pressure ${\sim}100\;Torr$ with the pure Xe-gas are verified to be suggestable.