• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.19-36
• /
• 2001

The aim of the study is to explore some problems that we have to solve to execute assessments effectively and in agreement with the objectives of them. We analysed the practices of some assessments Including our national assessment of educational achievement and the third international mathematics and science study with focussing on the frames of assessments, the analyses of results, and the items presented in the assessments. The results of the study are the following. Firstly, we need to make the frame of assessment to agree with the objectives of assessment and to reflect the characteristics of the item related to a few areas. Secondly, we need to analyse the results of assessment with reflecting the frames of assessment. Thirdly, we need to discuss more concretely on the level and presentation of items including the order of conditions to need to solve the items. And lastly, we need to minimize the difference caused by the variations of translation in the international assessments.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.08a
• /
• pp.135-140
• /
• 2007

지필검사는 매우 제한적인 학생정보만 제공한다. 그래서 온라인상에서 웹기반으로 실시하는 컴퓨터이용검사가 개발되고 시도되어지고 있다. 그러나 이러한 기존의 시스템은 문항을 자유롭게 이동하며 시험을 치를 수 없다는 단점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 단점으로 인하여 각 문항에 소요된 시간, 답안 변경 내역, 각 문항의 방문 횟수등과 같은 심화된 정보를 얻어낼 수 없다. 이러한 심화된 정보는 교육평가 영역에서 매우 중요시되는 정보이다. 심화된 정보를 알기 위해서는 응시자가 문항을 자유롭게 이동하면서 시험을 치를 수 있어야 한다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 기존의 시스템이 제공하는 기본 정보 이외에 심화된 정보를 얻을 수 있는 시스템을 개발하였다. 개발된 시스템을 67명의 학생들에게 지필검사와 함께 각각 적용하고 설문 조사를 실시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.2-6
• /
• 2004

• School Mathematics
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.241-257
• /
• 2007

The study aims to figure out how to improve existing examination tools to distinguish mathematically gifted children and to clarify procedures and criteria for selecting candidates. Toward this end, it examined correlations between grades of gifted children selected through evaluation by pen-and-pencil tests and their creative problem-solving capability and performance assessment, and analyzed learning activities of the gifted children. According to the analysis, results of pen-and-pencil tests turned out to have low correlations with their creative problem-solving capability and performance assessment, but it was found that their creative problem-solving capability has high correlations with results of performance assessment. The analysis also found that there were some students who participated in a program for gifted children with high marks but had difficulties in adapting themselves to it. It found that there were children who joined the program with low marks but emerged as successive performers later on. In this regard, the existing examination tools to tell the gifted students apart need to be used to the fullest extent, and other diversified tools to evaluate mathematical capabilities that include mathematical creativity need to be further studied and developed. Qualitative studies on affective development of the gifted students and their creative problem-solving processes need to be conducted.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.32-46
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyse the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of paper-pencil tests for exploring its appropriateness as a selection tool of the gifted in science. For this purpose, we developed two (internal and external) item analysis frameworks, and applied these frameworks to analyse qualitative characteristics. Also, we analysed the relationship between two characteristics. The results of analysing qualitative characteristics revealed that the portion of items with acceleration context exceeding middle school curriculum level was relatively large, which caused low content validity. Furthermore, there was considerable deviation in content and context by subject matter and year, which caused test unstability. Items measuring knowledge domain was the most prevalent, and too much weight on data interpretation & analysis domain in inquiry process skills. In case of creativity test, the portion of items measuring convergent thinking was much larger than that of divergent or associative thinking. Most of these items were represented by using pictures and tables rather than using graphs. Item types of multiple-choice and short answers were superior to essay types. Discrimination index, on the whole, was appropriate (above 0.3), but item difficulty showed a vast deviation ($0.01{\sim}0.90$). Correlation coefficients among subject matters and test tools were very low, and test reliabilities were also low. Low item difficulty & high discrimination index item types were distinguishable. Items with acceleration context were more discriminating than enrichment context. Implications of developing quality paper-pencil test items in the selection of gifted students are discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
• /
• 2000.11a
• /
• pp.419-422
• /
• 2000

본 논문에서는 길을 기반으로 하여 학습자 스스로 학습의 장면을 결정하고, 학습의 형태를 계획하여 학습을 주도적으로 이끌어 낼 수 있도록 하는 학습자 중심의 자기주도적 학습 환경을 선계 및 구현하였다. 학습 설계 대상은 학습자와 길 사이의 동적 상호작용을 통하여 지필 학습방법으로 학습하기 힘들었던 단원인 고등학교 공통수학의 삼각함수를 선택하였다. 학습자가 학습장면에서 직접 실행해 보고 도형을 이동시켜 변화하는 현상을 관찰하고 탐구함으로써 실시간으로 피드백이 가능하여 학습의 효과를 극대화하였으며 학습자에 대한 정보와 학습의 상태는 DB를 이용하여 관리하도록 하였고 형성평가와 총괄평가는 DB를 이용하도록 설계하였다.

• Journal of Science Education
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.670-690
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze paper and pencil test items of life science I in high school to diagnose problems of the test items developed by teachers, and to provide some implication for better assessment. 690 selection-type items and 162 supply-type items in life science I were collected from 10 general high schools. In the analysis of test items, the ratio of the selection-type item and the supply-type item was 81:19 in the number of items based on item type, while the ratio was 74.4:25.6 in the distribution of marks, indicating that the distribution of marks compared to the number of items was higher in the supply-type items. In the analysis by the Bloom's revised taxonomy of educational objectives, the items of 'conceptual knowledge' in the knowledge and those of 'understanding' in the cognition process were shown most in both the selection-type item and the supply-type item. In the analysis by the science assessment frameworks of NAEA, the items of 'knowledge' were shown 9 times more than those of 'inquiry'. When compared to the level of difficulty presented in the two-way specification table and the percentage of correct answers in the selection-type item, the concurrence was 41.5%. When compared to the ratio of number of items based on the item type of the supply-type items, the short-answer items were 34.0%, the descriptive items were 61.1%, and the drawing items were 4.9%. The drawing items were mainly developed in the unit of 'Cells and Continuity of Life'. When the descriptive items were classified by the acceptance of response, all the items were 'response restricted' type, and the items of 'restricted in content range' type among them were highest. When the items were classified by presentation of data, the items of 'presentation of data' type were highest(65.4%), and when classified by type of question, the items of 'knowledge description' type were highest(80.4%). In conclusion, it is needed to develop items belonging to 'inquiry' area more in the school, and to increase the ratio of the descriptive items, presenting various types of items.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
• /
• v.15
• /
• pp.129-134
• /
• 2003

수학과의 평가는 수학의 학습 내용에 대한 학생들의 성취도를 다양한 유형의 평가기법을 이용하여 파악하고, 이를 통해 수학교육의 질을 관리하는데 그 목적이 있다. 그러나 지금까지의 대부분의 평가는 수학교육의 본질이라 할 수 있는 학습자의 수학적 사고력을 제대로 측정하지 못하고 단편적인 수학적 지식을 결과 위주로 평가하는 데 만족해 왔다. 한편으로는 지극히 교과서적이고 인위적인, 단지 문제를 위한 수학 문제는 수학 무용론을 부추기기도 하였다(박경미, 1998). 이와 같은 수학과의 위기를 탈출하기 위해서는 결과만을 고려하는 선다형의 문제가 아닌 과정을 중시하는 서술형 주관식 문제, 기능 위주의 고립된 수학적 지식을 측정한 학업성취 결과보다는 수학 학습에 대한 태도나 노력, 관심, 탐구적 활동 그리고 성향 등 정의적 영역의 평가가 절실히 요구된다. 따라서 기존의 지필 검사를 뛰어넘는 다양한 평가의 틀이 요구된다 하겠다. 이런 점에서 1999학년도부터 시행되고 있는 고등학교에서의 수행평가는 변화하는 교육기조의 교수 ${\cdot}$ 학습에 대한 적절한 평가의 한 방법이라 생각된다. 이에 본 연구는 다양한 평가의 틀 가운데 수학과 수행평가에 관한 고찰을 통해서 현장에서의 수행평가활용 방법을 찾는데 있다.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.157-180
• /
• 2011

This paper analyzed about gender difference in the achievement of underachievers of high school students while learning using technology. Participants were composed of 67 underachievers on first grade in high school located in a metropolitan city. That had never used a mathematics educational calculator before. Target participants were divided into two groups: experiment group that studied activity papers with a CAS calculator. And control group that studied the same activity papers using only paper-and-pencil. The content of the activity papers for the two groups was the same, but the structure differed. The two groups completed mathematics achievement tests both before and after the activity papers. The results are that find out no difference of the mathematics achievement between boys and girls in each group, and that the mathematics achievement of boys in experiment group are better than one of boys in control group, and also girls.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
• /
• 2002.11b
• /
• pp.657-660
• /
• 2002

현대 사회의 교육은 교사 중심의 단순한 지식 전달 교육에서 학습자 중심 교육으로 전환하고있다. 교육 평가도 이러한 추세에 따라 암기 위주의 지필 평가에서 학습자의 수행과정과 산출물을 평가하는 수행평가로 전환하고 있다. 그러나 현재의 수행평가에서는 교사 본연의 업무인 교육과 연구 활동에 지장을 초래할 만큼 과중한 업무부담이 발생하는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문은 지금까지 수작업으로 이루어지던 수행평가 업무를 기존의 교무업무지원시스템과 연계하여 업무처리 과정에서 발생하는 중복 입력 작업 등의 노력을 최소화할 수 있는 수행평가시스템을 설계한다. 설계시 주요 고려사항으로 수행평가 계획에서부터 최종 출력물까지 일괄처리 및 중간 입력 확인 과정을 생략하여 수행평가와 관련한 교사의 업무 부담을 경감, 교사 본연의 가르치는 업무에 보다 충실할 수 있도록 한다. 또한 학생들에게 영역별 성취 결과를 서술적으로 기술하여 제공함으로써 학생 스스로 문제점을 이해하고 개선하는데 도움이 되고자 한다.