• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to review the relationship between transformational leadership(charisma, individual consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspiration) and knowledge management, and the moderating effect of social(trust and interaction) in small business. In order to verify and achieve the purposes mentioned above, questionnaire data are gathered and analysed from 311 subjects in Kangwon-do province. Multiple regression and multiple hierarchical regression analysis were applied to test these hypotheses: 1) the relationship between transformational leadership and knowledge management, 2) the moderating effect of trust on the relationship between transformational leadership and knowledge management, 3) the moderating effect of interaction on the relationship between transformational leadership and knowledge management. Empirical survey's findings are as follows; First, individual consideration and inspiration leadership appeared to be positively related with all knowledge management(knowledge creation, transfer, application). Second, charisma was verified to be positively related with knowledge creation only. Third, charisma and inspirational leaderships were more positively with knowledge creation in higher trust group than in lower trust group. Fourth, intellectual stimulation and inspirational leaderships were more positively with knowledge creation in higher interaction group than in lower interaction group. Fifth, individual consideration was more positively with knowledge application in higher interaction group than in lower interaction group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
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• 1997.06b
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• pp.15-17
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• 1997

암 발생의 원인 중 80% 이상이 식사습관과 환경오염에 있는 것으로 인정되고 있다. 음식물, 담배, 술, 대기오염, 스트레스, 자외선이 그 대표적인 원인물질로 꼽을 수 있으며 그 중에서도 매일 섭취하는 음식물이 가장 중요한 발암요인으로 지적되고 있다. 대장암과 유방암의 발생에 대한 Wynder 등의 역학조사에서도 식사습관이 암 발생에 중요함을 시사 하고 있다. 동물성 단백질과 지방의 다량 섭취가 대장암과 유방암의 발생을 증가 시키고 섬유질이 풍부한 곡류와 야채의 섭취는 대장암 발생을 억제한다는 상관관계가 밝혀졌다. 그러나 우리가 늘 섭취하는 음식물 자체는 대장암과 유방암을 유발하는 기능이 거의 없다. 섭취된 음식물이 암을 일으키려면 장내 부패 미생물의 분해작용에 의하여 발암물질로 변환되는 과정이 필요하다. 그 발암물질들이 장관으로 흡수 자극함으로써 암을 유발할 수 있다. 반대로 일부장내 미생물들은 장내 발암물질들을 무독화 하거나 숙주의 면역기능을 증강 시킴으로써 암 발생을 억제할 수도 있다는 사실을 간과해서는 안 될 것이다. Mitsuoka는 장내 미생물이 암을 유발하는 중요한 요인이라고 강조하였다. Veer 등은 유산균 발효유를 많이 섭취하면 유방암 발생이 억제됨을, 국제암연구위원회는 섬유질을 많이 섭취하고 있는 핀란드 쿠피오의 거주자들에게는 덴마크의 코펜하겐에 거주하는 사람들에 비하여 대장암 발생율이 1/4에 불과하고 분변내 유산간균수는 100배 높은 사실을 역학조사에서 밝혔다. 이 외에 유산균과 발효유제품의 항암효과에 대한 실험결과들이 많이 발표되었다. 여기에서는 유산균의 항암효과에 대한 지금까지의 관련 자료들을 요약, 정리하여 고찰하고자 한다.높은 당 함량을 나타냈으며, T-AS는 70.3%의 당과 7.8%의 단백질로 구성 되었다. GLG 대부분의 분획들은 60~93%의 glucose로 구성된 다당류 이었으며, 주로 $\beta$-glucose로 구성된 다당류 이었다. 아미노산은 Asp 및 Glu의 산성 아미노산과 Ala, Leu 등의 함량이 높게 나타났으며, 비알칼리 추출물에서 Ser과 Thr의 함량이 높게 나타났다. 다당류 T-AS는 평균 분자량이 2,000 kD와 12kD에서 주 peak를 나타냈으며, 수용성 분획의 평균 분자량은 12kD이고 비수용성 분획은 36~2,000 kD의 평균 분자량 분포를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. IR과 NMR 분석 결과 890 cm-1에서 흡수 peak를 나타내어 $\beta$-(1,3)0glucan과 $\beta$-(1,6)-glucan의 구조를 갖는 다당류로 확인 되었다. T-AS 분획은 C:H:O:N의 함량비가 38.9:5.7:49.6:1.84%이며, 이 물질의 융점은 163 $^{\circ}C$로 연한 갈색을 나타낸다. 분리된 GLG의 항암활성 기전 규명을 위해, in vivo 항암실험, 항보체 활성능, 항체 생성능, serum protein 분비능, 대식세포의 탐식능과 활성능 및 세포간 물질 분비 등의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 다당류 GLG 분획물들 가운데 항보체의 활성이 높았던 분획은 sarcome 180에 대한 항암 활성이 높게 나타났다. 다당류 T-AS의 보체 활성화 기작은 classical과 alternative complement pathway의 양 경로를 통해 활성화 되었다.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.34
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• pp.237-262
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• 2014

Recent Korean popular films and television dramas represent journalist as the character who colludes with corrupt power to engage in scandals or completes one's goals by good or bad means. It matters that the negative discourse of journalists fosters audience's distrust on journalism. Representation of journalists in popular culture is related to the reliability of journalism. In relation, it is noticeable that popular media represent female journalists. This study examines how recent popular films deal with female journalists through the case of (2011) and (2012) to find improvement of discourse on journalists. In result, three female characters in these films represent positively 'reformative leadership' (Chief Cho in ), 'appropriation of information technology'(Seong Hyo Kwan in ), and 'emotional response' (Jang Eun Seo in ). Compared to representation of journalists through male, the positive representation of female journalists constributes to positive discourse on role and function of journalism. However, it may be considered that these positive representations are merely a part of whole journalists.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.12
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• pp.5-41
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• 2007

As public attention on Well-being culture increases, it is now considered to be a new trend of modern society. The purpose of this study is to publicize the necessity of design products which are advanced in quality and encourage the use of it. The researcher judged that study on design of lighting product to adopt well-being trend is in preliminary level and aims to research on the tendency of well-bing trend and lighting design which the consumer of this age is demanding. As the result of changes in modern consumption trend, design is considered to be a factor of capricious cultural phenomenon. In addition to this, as high technology such as ubiquitous develops with the degitalisation and informatization, the consumer are paying attention to dynamic products rather than static products or products which respond to external stimulus. Products which adopt well-being trend pursuing nature friendly life are particularly preferred It means that not only the basic function of products but also design which satisfy the five sense is required. Modern consumers use products in various way. However, the pro-environmental and human-centered tendency is tried only in very limited area and general study on this matter is extremely rare. This study analyzes the factors which intercepts the adoption of well-being trend to lighting products and seeks for an alternative to solve the problem. Interaction design with well-being trend was adopted to lighting design and the result presented that there is a possibility to differentiate existing lighting design by adding interaction design to the existing lighting design. Therefore, the need for further study on this matter is presented.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

The purpose of the study was investigated on that whether there was any statistical difference or not in terms of the career decision making according to the growth environment of High school students. The researcher surveyed 600 questionnaires for high school students and was using 539 questionnaires in the final analysis. They were analyzed by cluster analyses according to the growth environment scale and it classified into two cluster groups. The cluster group A and B had a significant difference on scores of the growth environment scale. The group A had more interested in activities such as political, social, intellectual, and cultural ones and participated at social and leisure activities. Moreover, the group was emphasis on moral and religious values. The group B got the higher score than group A about the score of the rational type of the career decision making: the group A got the higher score than the group B to the score of the dependent type. On the matter of the job information collection sub-scale, the group A got the higher score than the group B: the group A scored higher points than group B about the goal establishment and the self-estimate sub-scales. Therefore, in order to do the career-guidance of youths, each family had to provide positive growth environment which required various stimuli and affluent in experience settings for them to mature.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.554-564
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• 1994

세균이 세포내 공생하는 xD strain과 모 세포주인 tD strain Amoeba proteus의 열충격 대응의 차이를 알아 보기 위하여 방사선 동위원소로 표지된 아미노산을 Ca2+_less Chalkley's 용액에서 음작용 경로를 통하여 90분 동안 흡수하게 하고, 저온 및 고온 스트레스에 대하여 새로 합성되는 스트레스 대응 단백질의 양상을 1, 2차원 전기영동 및 자기방사 사진법에 의해서 비교하였다 저온(10"C) 충격에 대응하여 아메바는 두 strain 모두 56.0 kDa, pl 6.0 단백질을 강하게 발현하였으며, xD strain에서는 tD strain과 달리 저온 충격 초기에 66 0 kDa, pl 5.5 단백질의 발현이 중단되었다. 한편 고온(33"C) 열충격에 대하여 두 strain 아메바에서 모두 10여종의 단백질이 새합성되는 것으로 확인되었으며, tD 아메바에는 이들 단백질의 새합성이 완만하게 이루어지는데 비하여 xD 아메바에서는 그중 66.0 kDa 단백질이 고온 대응 단백질로서 신속하게 새합성되는 것으로 나타났다. 이외에도 2차원 전기 영동 분석을 통하여 열충격에 의해서 발현이 촉진되는 다수의 단백질들을 탐지하였다 탐지된 아메바의 열충격 단백질은 분자량에 따라 hsp100군 2종, hsp90군, 3종, hsp70군 및 hsp60군 각 1종, 그리고 small csp군 4종으로 분류해 볼 수 있었다 두 분석의 결과를 종합해 보면 tD 아메바에는 저온 및 고온 충격에 대하여 열충격 단백질의 합성이 완만하게 상승하는 데 비하여 xD strain에서는 신속하게 이루어졌다. 이상의 결과로 보아 아메바의 세포내 공생 세균은 숙주의 열충격 대응기작에 변화를 야기한 것으로 판단된다한 것으로 판단된다. 10mg과 20mg의 estrogen 처리구 사이에 유두 직경, 길이 그리고 용적의 증가량에 있어서는 차이가 없었다. 10mg 및 20mg의 estrogen 처리는 초발정일령을 각각 20일 및 124일 단축시켰다. 전체적으로 이러한 결과는 송아지에 estradiol의 삽입은 성장과 유선 발달을 촉진시키고 초발정일령을 단축시킬수 있다는 것을 강력하게 지적한다. 일치하지 않으므로 더욱 정밀한 조사를 실시하여 분류학상의 위치를 정확히 밝혀 볼 필요가 있을 것으로 생각되었다.연한 도구이자 정신활동으로 보게함으로써, 주제 및 연구방법에서 획일성보다 다양성과 창조성이 강조되고 있다. 그리고 연구에 있어서 주제 의 다양성을 통해 보다 현실생활에 밀접하게 연결되어야 할 필요성은 학문이나 과학의 사회 성에 대한 새로운 인식을 가져다 주고 있다. 이러한 지리교육과정의 좌표의 변화된 측면들 을 고려하여, 지리교육과정의 새로운 방향은 다음의 세가지로 모색될 수 있다. 첫째, 爭點中 心 地理敎育課程이다. 사회쟁점에 대한 접근은 쟁점의 이해와 문제해결에의 지리적 관점의 활용을 통해 학습내용의 시사성과 사실성을 높힐 수 있다. 이때 문제해결능력을 통해 현대 시민의 자질 및 능력을 기를 수 있음은 물론, 다른 한편으로 실제세계 즉 학생의 실생활, 사 회, 국가, 세계에서 일어나는 일들과의 관련성을 갖게 함으로써, 내적 동기화와 외적인 자극 을 강력하게 결합할 수 있을 것이다. 이는 개인적 유관적합성과 사회적 유관적합성을 동시 에 확보하는 데 유리할 것이다. 둘째, 思考中心 地理敎育課程이다. 지리교육은 학생들을 지 식 및 기능의 숙달자가 되도록 할 것이 아니라 기본적 문장해독력의 수준을 넘어 능력있는 사고자로 길러내는 것을 목표로 하여야 한다.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.177-217
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between Program Satisfaction and the leadership types of who participating in the program of village lifelong education leader. The detail goals of this study are to (1) understand the concepts about the training program of village lifelong education leader. (2) study the theory related to the leadership of village lifelong education leader. (3) examine the relation between program satisfaction and leadership types by personal characteristics. The results of this study are as follows: First, there is the significant difference between the transactional leadership and the exceptive management leadership which is the transactional leadership's sub-type in age. Second, there is the significant difference between the exceptive management leadership which transactional leadership's sub-type and charisma leadership that is transformational leadership's sub-type by participated in or not the lifelong education program before. Third, the average value of the transformational leadership is more higher than the transactional leader's average value. Fourth. the ranking of the transformational leaders' activities are as follows; (1) individual relationship (2) spiritual motivation (3) intelligence stimulus (4) charisma. Fifth, the ranking of the transactional leader's activities are as follows; (1) reward to achievement (2) exceptional management.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.194-208
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• 2013

This study presented a theoretical research system about the impact of boss' transformational leadership that is recognized by super luxury hotel chefs on their job satisfaction and performance, and on the basis of this theoretical background, the model was derived and the hypothesis was confirmed by empirical research. A frequency analysis was conducted to determine the general characteristics of the 245 samples collected in this study, an exploratory factor analysis for the verification of the validity of boss' transformational leadership, employees' job satisfaction and job performance, and 'Cronbach's a' was used for the verification of reliability. In addition, a canonical correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between transformational leadership, job satisfaction and job performance, and the influencing relations of variables were verified by running a multiple regression analysis through SPSS ver 18.0 statistical package in order to verify this research model and hypothesis. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, it was shown that the transformational leadership charisma (p<0.01) and only the individual concern (p<0.1) had a positive influence on job satisfaction. Second, as a result of understanding the impact of the transformational leadership on the job performance through a regression coefficient, it was shown that only boss' intellectual stimulation had an impact on the chef's job performance (p<0.005). Through the results of an empirical analysis that boss' transformational leadership had a correlation and a significant impact on job satisfaction and job performance, the effort of providing the systematic support and motivational aspects of supporting environment will be needed.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.97-111
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• 2009

Context-aware computing, as a core of smart space development, has been widely regarded as useful in realizing individual service provision. However, most of context-aware services so fat are in its early stage to be dispatched for actual usage in the real world, caused mainly by user's privacy concerns. Moreover, since legacy context-aware services have focused on acquiring in an automatic manner the extra-personal context such as location, weather and objects near by, the services are very limited in terms of quality and variety if the service should identify intra-personal context such as attitudes and privacy concern, which are in fact very useful to select the relevant and timely services to a user. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a novel methodology to infer the user's privacy concern as intra-personal context in an intelligent manner. The proposed methodology includes a variety of stimuli from outside the person and then performs model-based reasoning with social theory models from model base to predict the user's level of privacy concern semi-automatically. To show the feasibility of the proposed methodology, a survey has been performed to examine the performance of the proposed methodology.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.119-131
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to confirm the mediating effect of followership characteristics when the components of transformational leadership influences the innovative behavior of follower. For this study, response data of nationwide 551 workers were finally analyzed using SPSS 24 and Process Macro 3.5. The research results are as follows. All of the components of transformational leadership had a positive(+) effect on innovative behavior. In this process, team spirit, the characteristic of followership, was confirmed to have a mediating effect in all relationships. Perception of goal alignment and active orientation were found to have mediating effects in some types of combination. On the other hand, critical thinking had no mediating effect. This study has academic significance that variables with complex characteristics were divided into sub-characteristics for analyzing. In practice, it is suggested that there is an effective combination type for each characteristic of the variables in promoting the innovative behavior of follower. Based on the research results, the limitations of the research and future research tasks were presented.