• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.35-43
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• 2021

Citrus quality is generally determined by its sugar content and acidity. In particular, sugar content is a very important factor because it determines the taste of citrus. Currently, the most commonly used method of measuring citrus sugar content in farms is a portable juiced sugar meter and a non-destructive sugar meter. This method can be easily measured by individuals, but the accuracy of the sugar content is inferior to that of the citrus NongHyup official machine. In particular, there is an error difference of 0.5 Brix or more, which is still insufficient for use in the field. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an AI model that predicts the citrus sugar content of unmeasured days within the error range of 0.5 Brix or less based on the previously collected citrus sugar content and meteorological data (average temperature, humidity, rainfall, solar radiation, and average wind speed). In addition, it was confirmed that the prediction model proposed through performance evaluation had an mean absolute error of 0.1154 for Seongsan area and 0.1983 for the Hawon area in Jeju Island. Lastly, the proposed model supports an error difference of less than 0.5 Brix and is a technology that supports predictive measurement, so it is expected that its usability will be highly progressive.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.84-91
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• 2002

Disease forecasting in Korea was first studied in the Department of Fundamental Research, in the Central Agricultural Technology Institute in Suwon in 1947, where the dispersal of air-borne conidia of blast and brown spot pathogens in rice was examined. Disease forecasting system in Korea is operated based on information obtained from 200 main forecasting plots scattered around country (rice 150, economic crops 50) and 1,403 supplementary observational plots (rice 1,050, others 353) maintained by Korean government. Total number of target crops and diseases in both forecasting plots amount to 30 crops and 104 diseases. Disease development in the forecasting plots is examined by two extension agents specialized in disease forecasting, working in the national Agricul-tural Technology Service Center(ATSC) founded in each city and prefecture. The data obtained by the extension agents are transferred to a central organization, Rural Development Administration (RDA) through an internet-web system for analysis in a nation-wide forecasting program, and forwarded far the Central Forecasting Council consisted of 12 members from administration, university, research institution, meteorology station, and mass media to discuss present situation of disease development and subsequent progress. The council issues a forecasting information message, as a result of analysis, that is announced in public via mass media to 245 agencies including ATSC, who informs to local administration, the related agencies and farmers for implementation of disease control activity. However, in future successful performance of plant disease forecasting system is thought to be securing of excellent extension agents specialized in disease forecasting, elevation of their forecasting ability through continuous trainings, and furnishing of prominent forecasting equipments. Researches in plant disease forecasting in Korea have been concentrated on rice blast, where much information is available, but are substan-tially limited in other diseases. Most of the forecasting researches failed to achieve the continuity of researches on specialized topic, ignoring steady improvement towards practical use. Since disease forecasting loses its value without practicality, more efforts are needed to improve the practicality of the forecasting method in both spatial and temporal aspects. Since significance of disease forecasting is directly related to economic profit, further fore-casting researches should be planned and propelled in relation to fungicide spray scheduling or decision-making of control activities.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 2016

The study was aimed to analyze pedigree structure and inbreeding coefficients for performance tested Holstein cows in Korea. A total of 400,029 Holstein cows data which born between 2002 and 2012 were obtained from Dairy Cattle Improvement Center of National Agricultural Cooperative Federation(NACF). Their related pedigrees, as obtained from Korean Animal Improvement Association(KAIA), consisted of 509,740 animals. Pedigree depth of the cows were traced back to 3 generations earlier. The percentage of cows with fully identified ancestors in various provinces of Korea were 55.18%(Gyeonggi-do), 23.49%(Gangwon-do), 47.83%(Chungcheongnam-do), 53.62%(Chungcheongbuk-do), 56.38%(Gyeongsangbuk-do), 51.35% (Gyeongsangnam-do), 26.58%(Jeollanam-do), 49.41%(Jeollabuk-do), and 56.90%(Jeju-do), whereas, it was about 63.20% as a whole in Korea. The average inbreeding coefficients showed increment across the consecutive years of birth such as, 0.43(2002), 0.44(2003), 0.58(2004), 0.64(2005), 0.78(2006), 0.93(2007), 1.08(2008), 1.23(2009), 1.46(2010), 1.77(2011), and 2.03 (2012). However, this coefficient was 0.93 in overall Korean population. An average generation interval for sire to daughter genetic path was 8.15 years; which was about 4.20 years considering dam to daughter genetic path. The estimated effective population sizes (Ne) were 56.5, 51.3, and 32.2 animals born in 2004, 2009, and 2012, respectively. These results indicated that an increased rate of inbreeding has led to a significant reduction in the Ne over the decade.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 1997

This study was carried out to reveal the status of health examination among farmers and to attract more attention to the health care system for farmers. Ten pre-trained medical students interviewed the rural residents 18 years of age and older in eight villages which were randomly selected from a county near Taegu city in Korea, in August 1996. Finally 751 persons were interviewed of whom the percentages of male and female were 41.8%, 58.2% respectively. Among the subjects, 361(48.3%) were fully engaged in farming, 184(24.4%) were partly engaged, and the remaining 206(27.3%) were not engaged in farming at all. The overall prevalence of farmer's disease was 23.0% and there was no significant difference between the group of fully engaged in farming(23.3%) and the group of not-fully engaged(22.9%). But the prevalence of farmer's disease in female subjects(27.8%) was significantly higher than that in male(16.2%)(p<0.01). Among the 288 farmer engaged in spraying pesticide, 113(39.2%) had experienced one or more pesticide related symptoms during last one year, but only 18(15.9%) of them had visited medical facilities due to their symptoms. The experience of receiving education about pesticide was significantly correlated with the degree of wearing protectors during pesticide spraying(p<0.001). Among the 736 persons excluding non-respondents, 281(38.2%) received health examination during last one year ; 176(62.6%) of them received free health examination, and 105(37.4%) received charged one. Among the 533 persons 40 years age and older, only 124(23.3%) had received the 'health examination for the elderly' during last one year, which is provided for the 40 years age and older by Korea medical insurance corporation and medical insurance societies. Most of all beneficiaries of self-employed medical insurance thought the imposed contributions as very expensive(77.4%) or moderately expensive(13.2%). The great majority of farmers are exposed to various health risk factors including pesticide, high temperature, overwork etc. comparable to industrial workers. But farmers are excluded from the regular yearly worker's health examination because of not belonging to a company despite they pay relatively more medical insurance contributions compared with the industrial workers and the urban self-employed medical insureds. It is necessary to develop special health management program for farmers such as the special health examination for the industrial workers exposed harmful agents.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 2009

A survey questionnaire that addressed the issues to manure compost producers and users was prepared. The questionnaire addressed three main topics as follows: 1) types of manure treatment and composting facilities are being operated, 2) quantity of manure compost produced and used, 3) problems experienced in producing and using manure compost. A total of 30 manure compost producers and 10 manure compost users were interviewed. Solid manure are applied to composting. Slurry and wastewater are simplified aeration method to produce liquid fertilizer. The open elongated type manure composting are generally used on manure compost centers jointly used by several farms. The amount of annually manure compost production was most common in the range of $5{\sim}10$ thousand tons per manure compost center. The manure compost utilization and cucumber yield were mostly $6{\sim}15$ tons and $20{\sim}27$ tons per 10a of cucumber farmland, respectively. Environmentally friendly use both of manure compost and chemical fertilizer are recommended for natural recycling agriculture.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1251-1257
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• 2000

Red pepper powder (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important ingredients for making kimchi. Various aspects of the quality of the red pepper powders (RPP) produced in Korea depending on the varieties and producing districts were compared. The evaluated intrinsic elements were vitamin C, carotenoid, capsaicinoid and free sugar contents and the extrinsic element was ASTA (American Spice Trade Association) colors. The vitamin C content was the highest in Johong (230 mg%) RPP among the varieties and Youngyang (263 mg%) RPP among the producing districts. Myungpum RPP that contains high level of carotenoids showed increased level of ASTA color, it exhibited positive relationship between carotenoid contents and ASTA color. Capsaicinoid level in RPP was the highest in var. Chungyang (126.1 mg%) that was usually used soup and pungent cook. Free sugar contents which is related to sweetness were the highest in Youngyang RPP Youngyang RPP that preferentially used in the preparation of kimchi showed the highest levels in vitamin C, carotenoid, ASTA color, and free sugar contents, but the contents of capsaicinoid was the lowest.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.85-85
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• 2022

영농형 태양광발전은 태양의 일사량을 전기발전과 영농에 공유하는(solar-sharing) 방식이다. 본 연구는 신재생에너지의 활용의 극대화를 위하여 추적식 영농형 태양광발전시스템을 구축하고 시설하부에서 일정 기간 재배중인 작물의 하부 환경과 생육을 조사하여 영농형태양광 하부작물개발을 위한 기초자료를 확보하고자 하였다. 구축한 추적식 영농형 태양광발전시스템은 4열 6단의 24장 모듈(8m × 6m)을 가지며, 발전시설 중심축 기둥 간 중심간격 14m로 단일지주식 스크루 공법으로 순천대학교 부속농장 답작포(순천시 죽평리)에 설치하여 하부 환경과 하부작물의 생육을 조사하였다. 태양광발전시설 하부작물의 생육을 조사하기 위하여 순천 농협육묘장에서 벼(신동진)를 육묘하여 2022년 6월 16일 이앙하였다. 태양광발전시스템 하부 지역을 4방위 방향에 따라 강음영(중심축으로부터 1~3m), 중음영(5m), 약음영(7~9m) 구역으로 설정하여 생육을 조사한 결과, 방위에 따른 초장은 남쪽에서 음영간 차이가 상대적으로 낮게 나타났으며, 1번기 태양광 발전시설에 의하여 음영이 중첩된 2번기 시설의 동쪽에서 대조구 대비 초장이 상대적으로 낮은 경향을 나타내었다. 음영강도에 따른 초장은 대체로 강음영구에서 낮게 나타났으며, 약음영구로 갈수록 높게 나타났다. 엽수는 방위에 따라서, 그리고 음영의 강도에 따른 차이가 초장에 비하여 작게 나타났다. 출수기의 경우 방위별로는 남쪽에서 음영별 차이가 작게 나타났으며, 음영강도에 따라서 차이를 보였다. 또한 태양광시설 하부에 데이터수집장치(Model 1650, Spctrum Technonogies, USA)를 설치하여 음영에 따른 토양전도도, 토양함수량, 토양온도, par light 등 생육환경을 조사, 비교하였다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.132-139
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• 2017

This study was conducted to find out the effects of over seeding using new grass varieties orchardgrass 'Kordione' and 'Onnuri', and tall fescue 'Greenmaster' on botanical composition and dry matter productivity from 2013 to 2016 in low productivity hilly pasture, middle area of Korea. There were used 3 grass seed mixture types made of different compositions and amounts {T1: control - no over seeding, T2: tall fescue (TF) 'Greenmaster' $18kg\;ha^{-1}$, orchardgrass (OG) 'Kordione' $9kg\;ha^{-1}$, Perennial ryegrass (PRG) 'Linn' $5kg\;ha^{-1}$, and Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) 'Kenblue' $2kg\;ha^{-1}$, T3: TF 'Greenmaster' $9kg\;ha^{-1}$, OG 'Kordione' $18kg\;ha^{-1}$, PRG 'Linn' $5kg\;ha^{-1}$, and KBG ' Kenblue' $2kg\;ha^{-1}$, T4: TF 'Greenmaster' $9kg\;ha^{-1}$, OG 'Onnuri' $18kg\;ha^{-1}$, PRG 'Linn' $5kg\;ha^{-1}$, and KBG 'Kenblue' $2kg\;ha^{-1}$}. In the botanical composition of grassland, T1 nearly remained constant in other seasons while ratio of weeds were increased in summer season. T2 was better than control (T1) in portion of grass ratio, which has increased by 80%. In the early time of establishment, the portions of OG were increased in T2, but TF rate was increased after 3 years later when grass was established. T3 and T4 showed a very similar patterns, grass ratio had increased by 80% and the portion of KBG had increased as time passed. T2 ($129,763kg\;ha^{-1}$) was showed the highest dry matter yield than other treatments (T1: $6,756kg\;ha^{-1}$, T3: 9641, and T4: 10,738) in 2016.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2002

DK 754S, a forage corn hybrid is bred by Dekalb plant Genetics Co.. Garst 8255 by Garst Seeds Co., and GW 737 by Crosbyton Co. in US, respectively. These have been tested in Suwon and Chonan for 3 years to test their regional yield trial. In result, we were able to confirm the excellence of above cultivars and these were selected as new recommended cultivars April of 2002 by NACF. The characteristics of these cultivars are as follows ; 1. DK 7545 a. This cultivar is mid-late maturing, high quality, high yielding forage corn hybrid. Its mean tasseling date is the 11th of July. It takes 78 days from emergence to tasseling date, which is almost same with Kwanganok. The culm length and the ear height are 231 cm and 127 cm. It is relatively strong to lodging. b. The color of ear is yellow, the number of ear row is nineteen. DK 7545 shows strength to H maydis and MBSDV has occurred between 0% and 4.1% in Chonan test area but it still does not affect yielding at all. It is relatively resistant to corn borer and its stay green is almost same level comparing to a check hybrid, Kwanganok. c. Dry matter yield of this cultivar is 19.6 tons, TDN is 13.4 tons per a ha, therefore these hybrids are increased by from 6 to 9% comparing to Kwanganok. The percent ear among total dry matters yield is 43.7%. 2. Garst 8255 a. This hybrid is mid-late maturing, high quality, high yielding forage corn like as Kwanganok. Its the mean tasseling date and the period from emergence to tasseling date are almost same with a check hybrid, Kwanganok. The Culm length and the ear height are 259 cm, and 146 cm which are tall. It resists to lodging and shows excellence of stay green. b. Garst 8285 resists to H maydis, and MBSDV, and corn borer as much as Kwanganok has. c. Dry matter yield of this cultivar is 21,735 kg. TDN is 14,627 kg per a ha, therefore this is increased by 21%, 16%, respectively, comparing to a check hybrid, Kwanganok. The percent ear among total dry matters yield is 44.2%. 3. GW 737 a. This hybrid is mid-late maturing, high quality, high yielding forage com hybrid like as Kwanganok. Its mean tasseling date is 13th of July which is 2 days late comparing with a check hybrid, Kwanganok and the period from emergence to tasseling date is 80 days. b. The culm length and the ear height are 274 cm and 150 cm, which are tall. It resists to lodging moderately and shows excellence of stay green. c. GW 737 resists to H maydis and MBSDV very well, corn borer moderately resistance. d. Dry matter yield of this cultivar is 18,025kg, TDN 15,164kg per a ha, therefore this hybrid remarkably increased by 26%, 20%, respectively, comparing to a check hybrid, Kwanganok.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.253-258
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• 2002

NC+4880, a forage com hybrid, is bred by NC+hybrids Co. in US, and Gast 8396 IT is by Garst Seeds Co. We have tested these two cultivars in Suwon and Chonan over three years to test their regional yield trial. Through above experiments, the excellence is testified, in result, they are determined as new recommended cultivars by NACF. The main characteristics of these cultivars are as tallows ; 1. NC+4880 a. The seed coat is yellow, the mean tasseling date is 7th of July and it takes about 74 days from emergence to tasseling date. This hybrid is a day ahead and the culm length is 242 cm, moreless shorter comparing with a check hybrid, Suwon 19. The ear height 117 cm which is short and its stay green is moderate. b. It shows resistance to H maydis, and MBSDV is barely observed and its stay green is moderate. c. The fresh yield, dry matter yield, and TDN yield per a ha are 55.4 tons, 18.3 tons, 12.4 tons, respectively, which are increased by 6%, 7%, and 9%, respectively, comparing with a check hybrid, Suwon 19. The percent ear among total dry matter yield is 50.9%. 2. Garst 8396 IT a. The seed coat is yellow, the mean tasseling date is 9th of July and it takes about 76 days from emergence to tasseling date. This hybrid represent a day delayed compared with a check hybrid, Suwon 19. The Culm length and the ear height are 275 cm, and 138 cm, respectively. b. It resists moderately to H. maydis, and highly resists to lodging in the field conditions. MBSDV is barely observed and its stay green is moderate. c. The fresh yield per a ha is 64.9 tons, dry matter yield, 20.9 tons, and TDN, 13.8 tons, respectively, which are increased by 25%, 23%, and 22% comparing with a check hybrid, Suwon 19. The percent ear among total dry matters is 43.3%.