• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.70-97
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• 1995

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the trend of urbanization and population distribution in North Korea. Although North Korean data lack comparable details, attention has been given to the comparison of urban system between North and South Korea. In North Korea, the pace of urbanization was most rapid just after the Korean War, from 1954 to 1960. However, the pace slowed down markedly in the early 1970s and has remained sluggish since then. North Korea is currently much less urbanized than South Korea. As specific features of urbanization in North Korea, emergence of new cities along inland borders, prominence of intermediate-sized cities, and sudden population growth of major cities due to boundary expansion are stressed. Available demographic data also indicate an overwhelming primacy of Pyongyang Municipality in the urban system, and rapid growth of satellite cities in the west-central region. It appears that, in North Korea, urbanization process has been a product of the government's development policies rather than individual's socioeconomic motivation to migrate urbanward. Finally, migration issues after unification of the Korean Peninsula and related problems are discussed in this study.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.59-66
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• 2002

As for the software development, it is complicated, and size of software is growing larger. And contraction of a software development period is required acutely because it is short a period of software life cycle. Also, it becomes harder development and a maintenance because it is short a life cycle of developed software. According to this an effort is increased in order to reduce a development cost and time as using a component to have been implemented previously in development of software. A current component technology is developing into a very fast speed and is bringing a large change into development of a Web base system in addition to existing software development method. In this paper, we were handling a related technology for Web system development of a CBD base systematically and derived an issue to apply it to development of a Web system and presented an efficient practical use method of a component technology. First of all we looked into a component technology and a CBD methodology systematically and described a component technology in Web. Also, we proposed a method to increase development and efficiency of practical use of a Web system based on a component. The this study result can decrease a development cost of a Web system and a load of maintenance management through the re-use of a code.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.792-808
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• 2016

Due to the high importance of foreign trade in the national economy, Korea has a lot of ports designated as trade ports compared to the small land size. However, because of the poor utilization results, some small trade ports have been criticized for wasteful financing due to redundant investment in SOC. This is because the characteristics and comparative advantage of foreign trade in trade ports have not been analyzed in detail by region. Therefore, this study analyzes the patterns and types of change in the size of trade, number of cargo items handled, and the number of trade target countries in the past 20 years for 19 domestic small trade ports using the time-series cluster analysis technique. As a result of analysis, Korean small trade ports were classified into five growth pattern types according to the analysis index, and characteristics and implications for each type could be derived. Today, as the foreign trade environment changes drastically and the importance of balanced regional development is emphasized, it is very important to study the growth types and implications of small trade ports and the results of this study are expected to provide meaningful implications for regional port development and operation in the future.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.115-132
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• 2011

This paper examines the factors affecting financial exclusion, and proposes the strategies for enhancing the role of credit unions as financing source for small business startups. Credit cooperative institutions have played an important role in assisting people and communities who suffer from social and financial exclusion such as small business owners. But many of them have closed and lost their operational grounds by financial restructuring. Accordingly people with low credit scores have faced with increased financial constraints and the government has proposed various measures to assist them. Credit unions should develop strategies more actively to ease their financial constraints, expand and reinforce the operational grounds through relationship banking, enhance competitiveness by community based specialization strategies and developing models.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.289-296
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• 2013

To propose the way for improving organizational management of small and medium hospitals through analyzing the effect of organizational culture types on organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. A survey was held to the employees of 4 hospitals that could accomodate less than 100 patients located in Daegu and Gyeongbuk for 4 weeks starting November 20, 2012. As result of factor analysis, the organizational culture divided to the four types: adventurous, hierarchical, productive, friendly types. The adventurous and friendly types revealed the positive effect on organizational commitment, and the productive and friendly types revealed it on organizational citizenship behavior. Instead, hierarchical type revealed no effects on the both. Therefore, to improve organizational management in small and medium hospitals, the strengthened efforts to build up friendship and supportive environments for reasonable decision making.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.543-546
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• 2008

국내 50인 이상, 매출 100억이상 규모의 중소제조업을 위한 생산정보화는 그간 정부의 정보화 지원사업의 지원으로 중소제조업에서 평균 생산성 22%이상의 성과를 달성하였다. 그러나, 50인이하, 매출 100억 미만의 국내제조업은 약 20만개 이상이 되고 있으나, 정부에서 지원하고 있는 정보화지원사업의 혜택을 받지 못하고 있다. 그간 ERP, SCM 등과 같은 기업정보화의 경우 ASP (Application Service Provider)모델을 개발하여 적용을 시도하여 보았으나 활성화되지 못했고 생산자원 4M (Man, Machine Material & Method)정보를 실시간 처리가 요구되는 생산정보화의 경우에는 기술적 문제로 인하여 적용 시도조차 할 수 없었다. 최근 RFID/USN, 개방형 임베디드, 모바일, 차세대 인터넷 및 SOA (Service Oriented Architecture)기술의 급속한 발전으로 전세계 산재되어 있는 복수 공장의 생산자원을 중앙에서 서비스기반으로 중앙관리가 가능하게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 50인 이하, 매출 100억 미만의 군소제조업의 생산자원 4M을 유무선 센서 기술을 통하여 자율 재구성 능력 (Autonomous Reconfigurable) 기반의 원격관리가 가능한 핵심기능의 소개와 복수 공장의 다양한 생산정보화 애플리케이션을 단일 표준 플랫폼으로 구현할 수 있는 적용 모델에 대하여 설명한다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.219.2-219.2
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• 2010

가스하이드레이트(gas hydrate)는 고압과 저온 조건에서 물분자간의 수소결합으로 형성되는 3차원 격자구조에 동공(cavity)이라는 빈 공간이 생기고 이 동공에 가스가 물리적으로 포획되어 생성되는 것으로, 수소결합을 하는 물의 격자(Host) 내에 메탄등의 저분자가스(Guest)가 포획된 결정체이다. 가스 하이드레이트는 미량의 물을 첨가, 가압하면 부피비로 약 200배의 가스를 고상의 형태로 저장할 수 있으며, 열역학적으로 안정된 결정체이기 때문에 하이드레이트로 존재하기 위한 최소한의 온도, 압력조건이 충족되면 고상으로 항구적인 존재가 가능할 수 있어 가스의 수송 및 저장에 높은 경제성을 가지는 방법이다. 현재 운영중인 전국의 242개소 매립지 중에서 발전 및 연료로 활용가능한 조건을 같춘 자원화 대상 매립지는 약 14곳에 불과한 형편이고 이들 중 대부분 시설은 자원화 시설을 운영하고 있으나. 중소규모 매립지에서 발생하는 LFG에 대하여 효율적인 이용 및 처리 방안이 없어 태워 없어지거나 방치하는 등 매립가스를 활용하는 기술은 미흡한 실정이다. 이러한 LFG는 많은 환경적인 문제를 야기하지만, 50vol% 이상의 고농도 메탄이 함유되어 있어 이를 대체에너지원으로 이용할 경우 환경적인 문제를 해결함과 동시에 신재생에너지원으로 활용 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 중소규모 매립지에서 발생하는 LFG를 활용하기 위하여 하이드레이트 형성/해리 Pilot plant의 제작을 통하여 $CH_4$와 $CO_2$(단일, 복합가스의 실험)의 하이드레이트화 연구를 진행 중이다.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.307-314
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• 2023

As supercomputing and hardware technology advances, climate prediction models are improving. The Korean Meteorological Administration adopted GloSea5 from the UK Met Office and now operates an updated GloSea6 tailored to Korean weather. Universities and research institutions use Low-GloSea6 on smaller servers, improving accessibility and research efficiency. In this paper, profiling Low-GloSea6 on smaller servers identified the tri_sor_dp_dp subroutine in the tri_sor.F90 atmospheric model as a CPU-intensive hotspot. Applying linear regression, a type of machine learning, to this function showed promise. After removing outliers, the linear regression model achieved an RMSE of 2.7665e-08 and an MAE of 1.4958e-08, outperforming Lasso and ElasticNet regression methods. This suggests the potential for machine learning in optimizing identified hotspots during Low-GloSea6 execution.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.119-130
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• 2011

This paper measures and analyzes the performance of insurance companies in Korea in respect to sustainable development and suggest strategic implications based on the analysis. The correlation, regression, ANOVA, and t-test are employed. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, it shows tat social index is important in the life insurance industry; however, the environmental index, is important in the non-life insurance industry. Second, the result gained by regressing the size and financial soundness on the performance of sustainable development demonstrates that the size variable is statistically significant. It suggests that size is a necessary condition for sustainable development. Finally, ANOVA shows that the small and medium sized companies have a significantly poor performance compared to the large companies concerning the social index and reputation index in the life insurance industry. The small and medium sized companies in the non-life insurance industry exhibit a significantly poor performance compared to the large companies in respect to all the indexes, except for the social index. Therefore, the small and medium sized companies make every endeavor in the poor indexes to improve performance.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.657-665
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• 2019

The domestic railway parts and equipment manufacturing industry is mainly focused on SMEs, and the majority of them are suffering from profitability because they cannot build economies of scale. Besides, they have survived in the form of importing technology products from overseas advanced countries and delivering them to domestic railway operators rather than having in-house technology. Therefore it is necessary to study whether the problems of the current railway industry can be identified and improved and at the same time, whether the government's railway industry development policy is properly reflected. literature studies related to technology commercialization, and conduct surveys of AHP questionnaires on the experts of the manufacturing industry of SMEs, academics / research institutes of the railway industry. After that, the Level 3 activation method AHP analysis was additionally performed on the important factors of Level 2 that have the highest importance and priority in Level 1. As a result of the AHP analysis, 'Technical Connectivity' was the most important method in the technical factor, and SME experts and academic and research institute experts were highly evaluated for 'commercialization ability' Competence in terms of importance. As for external support factors, it was analyzed that SME experts "support for manpower development" was important, while the other two group experts research and development support was important. In this study, the priority of the government support and policy priorities are suggested according to the capabilities of the railway manufacturing SMEs before the future R&D support.