• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.631-639
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• 2017

The relationship between the environmental factors (water temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a concentration, Noctiluca scintillans density, Diatoms and Dinoflagellates densities) and the zooplankton community was investigated. Zooplankton were seasonally collected at 11 stations of Gwangyang Bay from November 2015 to July 2016. A mean abundance ranged from 544 to $19,753indiv.\;m^{-3}$. The maximum abundance was observed to be $40,000indiv.\;m^{-3}$ in July and the minimum occurred in November with $412indiv.\;m^{-3}$. The zooplankton consisted of 35 taxa, which is dominated by Paracalanus parvus s. l., Corycaeus spp., Oithona spp., Acartia omorii, A. ohtsukai, Centropages abdominalis, unidentified harpacticoids. The result of the Redundancy Analysis (RDA) conducted between the zooplankton and the environmental factors showed that the spring-autumn, summer and winter are separated. The summer was closely related to temperature and diatom density, while the winter was linked to salinity and N. scintillans density (p<0.05).

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.162-167
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• 2015

This paper describes the reason and the problem solving for the double-layer pattern of a Daejeon correlator operated in Korea-Japan Correlation Center. When the electric power of an input signal in the correlator is charged small enough to be buried in the noise, it is hard to see a signal with a specific pattern in the input signal, but when the electric power is large, a specific one is reported to be seen. By comparing data from observation with one from software correlator, it was confirmed from the analysis using the AIPS software that the amplitude gain of a source signal was affected about 3%. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of double-layer patterns, we found that a problem in the memory management module responsible for both the data input and the data serialization of the correlator is a cause for the double-layer pattern detected periodically. In other words, while data is serialized and read repeatedly in the memory area assigned to serialize the data from the serialization module, redundant last data is generated and an overlap for the memory allocation is occurred. Therefore, by modifying the program of the FPGA memory sections on serialization module to correct the problem, we confirmed that double-layer pattern is disappeared and correlation results are normally acquired.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.48-67
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• 2007

The economic burden which our society has to take exceeds the benefit that it becomes by the free circulation of information. Problems such as inconvenience or inequality between people can also occur since the regulation task of spam e-mail or SMS is imposed on two organs; the Department of Information and Communication and Free Trade Commission. The dualization of regulation separates related laws, which makes exception according to the $\ulcorner$Law on Information Communication Usage and Information Protection$\lrcorner$ or poses double regulation toward the same case. The spam prevention activity at free hands of information communication network provider such as portal site or mobile communication has many limitations along with comparison and analysis of spam regulations abroad. Therefore, examinations on legal obligation such as service restriction, identification and technical measure to spam prevention is needed. This study focuses on making the scope of spam regulation clear by considering the domestic related laws and the general environment of industry, on enacting law which regulates spam including advertisement and on deducting essential facts in enacting or modifying related laws and thus, deducting the form and contents of spam regulation law which is most decent in our domestic environment.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.43-50
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• 2018

Hanok (a traditional Korean-style house) has recently become a popular attraction for tourists all over the world. Jeonju Hanok Village, for example, attracted about 10 million visitors for 2 consecutive years. Observing Hanok's popularity, many local governments drew up plans to improve tourism dynamics by strengthening the advantages of Hanok. Emotionally rich experience is required to offer a greater satisfying experience that meets the demands of tourists. However, very few studies yet have addressed how to measure those emotions felt by users while experiencing Hanok. As an attempt to improve this situation, 182 emotional words were collected from earlier studies and classified into 33 groups with the Delphi method. Among the emotional words in each of the 33 groups, those of overlapping concepts on the characteristics of Hanok were re-grouped, and extracted the most appropriate 68 words. Additionally, a survey was conducted with 325 people who had experienced Hanok to gather 30-most representative emotions for measuring emotions felt from Hanok. The factor analysis of the 30 representative emotions resulted in classified 6 factors based on common features of emotional words: senses of aesthetics, happiness, novelty, ownership, balance and relaxation. The 30 representative emotions and six emotion categories found out by this study can help measure how much people feel certain emotions while experiencing hanoks. Further study will explore the degree of emotions hanok users feel about objects of hanok, such as roof materials and shapes, and body shapes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.531-536
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• 2006

Recently, many of researchers have been studied in data processing oriented middleware for wireless sensor networks with the rapid advances on sensor and wireless communication technologies. In a wireless sensor network, a middleware should handle the data loss problem at an intermediate sensor node caused by instantaneous data burstness to support efficient processing and fast delivering of the sensing data. To handle this problem, a simple data discarding or data compressing policy for reducing the total amount of data to be transferred is typically used. But, data discarding policy decreases the correctness of a collected data, in other hand, data compressing policy requires additional processing overhead with the high complexity of the given algorithm. In this paper, it proposes a data-average method for enhancing the efficiency of data aggregation and correctness where the sensed data should be delivered only with the limited computing power and energy resource. With the proposed method, unnecessary data transfer of the overlapped data is eliminated and data correctness is enhanced by using the proposed averaging scheme when an instantaneous data burstness is occurred. Finally, with the TOSSTM simulation results on TinyBB, we show that the correctness of the transferred data is enhanced.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.277-284
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• 1998

To establish a monthly data collection planning for the Ocean Scanning Multispectral Imager (OSMI), we have examined the global patterns of three impacting factors: pigment concentration, cloud cover, and sun glint. Other than satellite mission constraints (e.g., duty cycle), these three factors are considered critical for the OSMI data collection. The Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) monthly mean products and the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) monthly mean products (C2) were used for the analysis of pigment concentration and cloud cover distributions, respectively. And the monthly-simulated patterns of sun glint were produced by performing the OSMI orbit prediction and the calculation of sun glint radiances at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA). Using monthly statistics (mean and/or standard deviation) of each factor in the above for a given 10$^{\circ}$ latitude by 10$^{\circ}$ longitude grid, we generated the priority map for each month. The priority maps of three factors for each month were subsequently superimposed to visualize the impact of three factors in all. The initial results illustrated that a large part of oceans in the summer hemisphere was classified into the low priority regions because of seasonal changes of clouds and sun illumination. Sensitivity tests for different sets of classifications were performed and demonstrated the seasonal effects of clouds and sun glint to be robust.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1900-1906
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• 2008

According as zone of life of big city is expanded by new city development etc.., need special skill master plan compensation which can be systematic for wide area traffic problem solution and confusion expense minimization in the metropolitan area because wide area of capital region traffic is gone continuously and continues. Accordingly, Kyonggi Province suggested rapid-transit railway achievement that can connect Seoul Gangnam in 20 minutes with Dongtan new city recently. MLTM(Ministry of Land Transport and Maritime Affaris) announced "Capital region railway network improvement plan research services (2007.12)" result that Gangnam High-speed railway route (Suse $\sim$ Dongtan $\sim$ Pyeongtaek) construction for offer High-speed railway service to capital region and Kyonggi southern part area inhabitantses and need to line capacity tribe solution by Seoul-Busan high-speed railway second-stage and Honam high speed railroad completion. Is judged that need examination about wide area rapid-transit railway combined application operation that take advantage of rail track reserve capacity of High-speed railway for utilization efficiency elevation of country and efficient investment of national finance according as High-speed railway and Gangnam rapid-transit railway route that is suggested in Kyonggi Province are overlaped. Therefore, in this research, I wish to quote investment efficiency plan of railroad business by that different kind's train is run in uniformity track by presenting combined application operation plan and working expenses curtailment effect etc. that is optimized through analysis of roadbed and E & M technology condition, intermediate station plan, train operation planning etc. in case of wide area rapid-transit railway and high-speed railway run combined application.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.568-573
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• 2018

UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) is widely used in space information construction, agriculture, fisheries, weather observation, communication, and entertainment fields because they are cheaper and easier to operate than manned aircraft. In particular, UAV have attracted much attention due to the speed and cost of data acquisition in the field of spatial information construction. However, ortho image images produced using UAVs are distorted in buildings and forests. It is necessary to solve these problems in order to utilize the geospatial information field. In this study, fixed wing, rotary wing, vertical take off and landing type UAV were used to detect distortions of ortho image of UAV under various conditions, and various object areas such as construction site, urban area, and forest area were captured and analysed. Through the research, it was found that the redundancy of the unmanned aerial vehicle image is the biggest factor of the distortion phenomenon, and the higher the flight altitude, the less the distortion phenomenon. We also proposed a method to reduce distortion of orthoimage by lowering the resolution of original image using DTM (Digital Terrain Model) to improve distortion. Future high-quality unmanned aerial vehicles without distortions will contribute greatly to the application of UAV in the field of precision surveying.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.1047-1054
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• 2019

Transposable elements (TEs) occupy approximately 45% of the human genome and can enter functional genes randomly. During evolutionary radiation, multiple copies of TEs are produced by duplication events. Those elements contribute to biodiversity and phylogenomics. Most of them are controlled by epigenetic regulation, such as methylation or acetylation. Every species contains their own specific mobile elements, and they are divided into DNA transposons and retrotransposons. Retrotransposons can be divided by the presence of a long terminal repeat (LTR). They show various biological functions, such as promoter, enhancer, exonization, rearrangement, and alternative splicing. Also, they are strongly implicated to genomic instability, causing various diseases. Therefore, they could be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases such as cancers. Recently, it was found that TEs could produce miRNAs, which play roles in gene inhibition through mRNA cleavage or translational repression, binding seed regions of target genes. Studies of TE-derived miRNAs offer a potential for the expression of functional genes. Comparative analyses of different types of miRNAs in various species and tissues could be of interest in the fields of evolution and phylogeny. Those events allow us to understand the importance of TEs in relation to biological roles and various diseases.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.222-251
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• 2017

This paper analyzes the characteristics of the ancient tombs discovered in the Gyeongju site and discusses the direction of the excavation. There are six special features of the wooden chamber tomb covered with stone in Gyeongju. First, confirmation of the above-ground type and the underground type burial mound. Second, confirmation of the construction such as the partition of mound and the pile of stone structure. Third, confirmation of the frontal part structure of the protect stone such as pebble-stone layer, boundary stone. Fourth, confirmation of the relationship before and after the mound. Fifth, the circumference and boundary of the confirmed(before 1990s) burial mounds were discovered, resolving the uncertainty. Sixth confirmation of the crowd unit tombs. By summing up these six features, it is possible to clearly divide the individual units and the crowd units of the Silla tombs. Confirmation of individual units and crowd units can clarify the size and scope of the tombs located by the concatenation and overlap. It is possible to get a glimpse of the formation process through the interrelationships between the two sides. The tombs are located in the upper-and-lower layer structure of the tombs and show selective site selection. When this formative process is rearranged, it is understood that the Gyeongju Silla Cemetery is formed through the course of four stages. It is anticipated that it will be possible to make selective projects in the excavation survey based on the confirmation of the individual unit and the crowd unit of the Silla ancient tombs and the formation process.