• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.115-148
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• 2007

Under the influence of ever-globalized world economy, Yangsan Port of Shanghai, a central hub of Chinese economy, was opened up on Dec. 1, 2005 in the expectation of heart of northeast Asian harbor logistics. It has triggered severer competitions among northeast Asian ports. In an effort to keep robust standing as a central port of northeast Asia, Korea has still built additional new ports and opened up 3 docks in Nov. 2005. Amid these changing port environments, it is foremost to take the competitive edges of new ports in advance of major rival ports in the interest of preoccupying the standing of those new ports as the central hub of northeast logistics. According to the developmental strategies of new ports can be summed up as follows: First, it is required to separate port development from marketing as a part of separating developmental entity from management/maintenance entity. Second, it is required to develop dedicated port for feeder vessels along with new ports to save more time and cost spent by shipping companies. Third, the attraction of jumbo shipping companies to port development needs differentiated countermeasures for each shipping company, and those measures should be taken in advance before jumbo shippers decide their own shipping strategies in future. Fourth, in terms of incentives for attracting jumbo shipping companies, it is required to offer the incentives to them in using new ports in connection with Busan ports. Fifth, it is critical to set up a benchmark of competitors(ports) for establishing one-stop automatic administration process system upon developing ports. Finally, it is required to prepare a plan for using rearward lands in connection with ports for more efficient use of development complex behind port.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.240-258
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• 2019

Typhoons, torrential rainfall, and heavy snowfall cause catastrophic losses each year in the Republic of Korea. Therefore, if we can know the possibility of this phenomenon in advance through regular observations, it will be greatly beneficial to Korean society. Korea is surrounded by sea on its three sides, and the sea surface temperature (SST) directly or indirectly affects the development of typhoons, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall. Therefore, the characteristics of SST variability related to the high impact weather are investigated in this paper. The heavy rainfall in Korea was distributed around Seoul, Gyeonggi, and west and southern coast. The heavy snowfall occurred mainly in the eastern coastal (hereafter Youngdong Heavy Snow) and the southwestern region (hereafter Honam-type heavy snow). The SST variability was slightly different depending on the type and major occurrence regions of the high impact weather. When the torrential rain occurred, the SST variability was significantly increased in the regions extending to Jindo-Jeju island-Ieodo-Shanghai in China. When the heavy snow occurred, the SST variability has reduced in the southern sea of Jeju island, regardless of the type of heavy snowfall, whereas the SST variability has increased in the East Sea near $130^{\circ}E$ and $39^{\circ}N$. Areas with high SST variability are anticipated to be used as a basis for studying the atmospheric-oceanic interaction mechanism as well as for determining the background atmospheric aerosol observation area.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.75.4-76
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• 2015

우리는 동아시아 각국(대한민국, 중국, 일본)의 VLBI관측망을 통합하고 구성될 동아시아 VLBI 관측망(East Asia VLBI Network; EAVN)의 초기 검증 작업을 진행하고 있다. EAVN은 2 ~ 129 GHz로 관측이 가능하는데, 주로 6.7, 8, 22, 43 GHz로의 관측을 상정하고 있다. 또한 최대 기선장은 약 5,000 km으로 공간분해능은 약 0.3 mas(43 GHz로의 관측의 경우)가 된다. 높은 공간분해능과 고감도의 특징을 활용하고 저광도 활동성은하핵이나 우리 은하의 메이저 천체 등의 연구에 대해서 위력을 나타낼 수가 있다. 우리는 EAVN 시험관측, 상관처리, 자료처리의 실행, 및 그것들을 통한 EAVN 운영의 검증을 하는 EAVN Tiger Team을 2013년에 조직하고 현재까지에 8 GHz 및 22 GHz로 8회의 VLBI 시험관측을 실행하였다. 상관처리는 주로 한국천문연구원에서 운영하고 있는 한일 공동상관기(KJJVC)와 상하이천문대의 소프트웨어 상관기(DiFX)로 실행되어 있다. 현재까지에 8 GHz 및 22 GHz 쌍방에서 프린지검출에 성공하고 있고, 올해는 영상합성을 포함한 과학적인 관측을 진행할 예정이다. 이 발표에서는 EAVN의 개요와 과학목표, 시험관측 현황과 결과, 및 앞으로의 운영 계획 등을 소개하겠다.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.127-145
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• 2007

There have been several international lesson studies such as TIMSS Video Study and Learner's Perspective Study. According to the TIMSS Video Study report, within differences found in the lessons in each country is much less than the between differences found in the lessons across countries. This means that each country has its own way of teaching, so called 'national script'. On the contrary, LPS researchers are skeptical about the existence of 'national script' since significant differences are identified within the lessons conducted by the same teacher. The purpose of this study is to analyze the LPS Korean data in terms of class organization and teacher's approach and activities. The categories of class organization are classwork, small group seatwork, and individual seatwork, and the those of teacher's approach and activities are exploratory, directive, summarization, exercises and practice, and assigning homework. Ten lessons were videotaped from two Korean schools respectively, thus altogether twenty lessons were recorded and analyzed. Each lesson shows unique class approach and teacher's approach and activities, however the average of each category in class organization and teacher's approach and activities for the two schools are very similar. This result supports the TIMSS Video Study in the regard that there is a commonality among the lessons within the country, but also confirms the LPS result that it is difficult to assume 'national script'. This study is a preliminary investigation into the LPS Korean data, and the further in-depth interpretation of LPS lessons will be followed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.648-658
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between eating habits and health among adolescents in Shanghai and Heze, China. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2013 on 2,089 adolescents; 1,089 students were from Shanghai and 999 students from Heze region. Eating habits, weight, height, and nutritional knowledge were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Eating habits score was classified into two categories: healthy eating habits and unhealthy eating habits, based on "Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey", for statistical data analysis. Associations between eating habits, BMI, and nutritional knowledge were examined using a general linear model with adjustment of potential confounding factors such as region, gender, age, parents' education level, and pocket money. Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS (version 9.3) program. Proportions of healthy eating habits group were 90.0% for breakfast (3-7 times/wk), 29.1% for fruit (${\geq}once/d$), 12.5% for vegetable (${\geq}3times/d$), 7.3% for milk (${\geq}2times/d$), 90.0% for fast food (<3 times/wk) consumption, respectively. The average BMI score was 20.1 (Shanghai 20.5 Heze 19.6), which is in the range of normal weight. Rates of obesity and overweight were 16.5% and 8.3% in Shanghai and Heze, respectively. There were significant negative correlations between intake frequencies of breakfast, fast food, biscuits, sugar, chocolate, and BMI score. Eating habits and nutritional knowledge score showed a significant positive correlation. These results showed better eating habits regarding eating regularity and consumption of fruits and soft drinks in Chinese adolescents compared with Korean adolescents, although cultural differences were not fully considered. This study demonstrated significant associations of BMI and nutritional knowledge with dietary behavior in Chinese adolescents in two regions of China. Further studies on Chinese adolescents from other regions in China should be considered.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.27-42
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• 2016

This study is to investigate seaport clustering by using meta-frontier and cross-efficiency models. Data covers the 13 Asian ports during 2009, 2010 and 2013 with 3 inputs(depth, total area, and number of cranes) and 1 output(TEU). Correlations coefficient from cross-efficiency matrix are used for measuring clustering dendrogram. After that, meta-frontier analysis for investigating whether the clustering using cross-efficiency method increases the meta-efficiency. Empirical main results are as follows: First, group efficiencies of Busan, Incheon, and Gwangyang ports are increased. Second, meta and group efficiencies of China ports are greater than those of Korean ports. Third, distortion of technology gap of Gwangyang is lower than that of Busan and Incheon. Fourth, Gwangyang, clustering with Ningbo, Chingtao, Tokyo and Caosung ports in 2009 and with Dubai port in 2013 can increase the efficiency. Fifth, to enhance the efficiency, Busan port should be clustered to group 2 in 2010 and group 1 in 2013, and Incheon port clustered to group 2 in 2010 and 2013. Fifth, it is empirically investigated that Busan, Incheon and Gwangyang ports can increase the efficiency by using Cross-efficiency and Meta-frontier models. Port policy planner should promote the clustering policy for Busan with Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Singapore, Incheon and Gwangyang with Chingtao, Nagoya, Ningbo, Tokyo, and Kaoshung ports.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2007

본논문천명(本論文闡明) "류경(類經)" 위안등창익의학사상적천원(爲安藤昌益醫學思想的泉源), 종안등창익학습(從安藤昌益學習) "류경(類經)" 적계단래비판(的階段來批判) "류경(類經)", 집중적연구관찰극복계단적전화과정(集中的硏究觀察克服階段的轉化過程). 안등창익(1703-1762)재일본강호시대시개즉독창우진보적사상가야시중의사(安藤昌益(1703-1762)在日本江戶時代是個卽獨創又進步的思想家也是中醫師). 타통과(他通過)'자연진영도(自然眞營道)'등굉대적저술(等宏大的著述), 부근논술료사회철학급자연철학(不僅論述了社會哲學及自然哲學), 이차재일본의학사상난이발현적독특적의학사상급여체계화(而且在日本醫學史上難以發現的獨特的醫學思想給與體系化). 타이유교비판위기초(他以儒敎批判爲基礎), 비판중국의학대유유의적경향(批判中國醫學帶有有醫的傾向), 여후세파(與後世派), 고방파적맥락야부동(古方派的脈絡也不同), 독자제정일본의학(獨自制訂日本醫學). 타대어중국적음양오행설이진퇴론화사행팔기적호성론래대항(他對於中國的陰陽五行設以進退論和四行八氣的互性論來對抗), 대어'내경'적국가유추(analogy)내장관이유기생체적내장관래대치(對於‘內經’的國家類推(analogy)內臟觀以有機生體的內臟觀來對峙). 병차비판숙명론적운기론이제창대소우주론적생태학(ecology)적의학. 이차간래(以此看來), 안등창익적의학사상시이비판'내경'위개단(安藤昌益的醫學思想是以批判‘內經’爲開端). 아문가이통과안등창익적운기론적비판래명백(我們可以通過安藤昌益的運氣論的批判來明白), 타대'내경'적이해시의거장개빈적 "류경"(포괄'도익'화'부익')(他對'內經'的理解是依據張介賓的"類經"(包括'圖翼' 和 '附翼')). 안등창익일방면계승장개빈적운기론영일방면야지유비판적태도. 타주장십기래대체십간(他主張十氣來代替十干), 인위군화여상화시파군신적상하관계정당화(認爲君火與相火是把君臣的上下關係正堂化), 인이반대저양적사고방식(因而反對這樣的思考方式). 병차안등창익부정기성적음운학, 제창자연적운도(提唱自然的韻道), 아문가이확인대어타적사상장개빈적 "류경" 시위중요적기초(我們可以確認對於他的思想張介賓的 "類經" 是爲重要的基礎).

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.432-432
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• 2021

우리나라는 대부분의 에너지 공급을 해외에 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 산업통상자원부와 에너지경제연구원에서 발간하는 2018년 에너지통계연보(에너지경제연구원과 산업통상자원부, 2018)에 실린 2010년부터 2017년까지의 에너지수급 균형을 보면 원유, 천연가스, 석탄, 우라늄 등 평균 95.4%의 에너지를 수입하고 있는 실정이다. 수력 및 신재생에너지의 경우 기후변화에 대응하는 수단 그리고 정부의 저탄소에너지 전환 정책으로 인정받아 상대적으로 낮은 에너지 경제성에도 불구하고 꾸준히 보급되고 있다. 우리나라뿐만 아니라 독일, 프랑스, 영국, 중국 그리고 인도와 같은 세계 주요 국가들이 친환경 에너지 정책을 주도함에 따라 향후 신재생에너지의 공급 규모는 크게 확대될 것으로 전망된다. 중력 물 보텍스 마이크로 수력 발전 시스템은 시스템의 상하류부의 수두(hydraulic head) 차에 의해 저류조(basin)에서 발생되는 물의 보텍스 즉 소용돌이(whirlpool)를 이용하여 임펠러(impeller)를 회전시켜 전기에너지를 생산하는 친환경적 재생에너지의 일종이다. 또한, 시스템으로 유입되는 물은 전기에너지 생산을 위한 임펠러를 통과한 후 다시 하천으로 방류되므로 하천 수의 손실 그리고 하천의 물길도 거의 교란 시키지 않는다. 4가구 정도의 연간 가정용 전기 요구량인 12와 15kW 사이의 전기에너지를 생산하기 위해서는 발전시스템의 상류와 하류의 수두차가 단지 1.5에서 1.7m 이하이면 충분한 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 중력 물 보텍스 친환경 마이크로 발전 시스템을 구성하는 저류조(basin)에 대해 최대 발전효율을 발생시키기에 최적인 기하학적 형태를 도출하는 것이며, 이를 위해 저류조의 cone angle에 따른 다양한 저류조 직경 및 물 보텍스 생성을 위한 저류조 형태의 변화, 유입수로와 저류조와의 각도인 notch angle의 변화, 유입부 폭과 유출부 직경, 유입수로의 길이 그리고 유입수로에서의 초기수심과 같은 기하학적 매개변수를 변화시켜 모의를 수행하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.199-207
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• 2024

In this paper, we propose the mechanism of China's green financial policy on renewable energy industry development implemented in different pilot zones. By utilizing the synthetic control method, this paper examines the differences in the effect of green financial policy before and after its implementation. The results demonstrate that green financial policy can significantly reduce traditional energy consumption while promote the renewable energy industry development simultaneously. Furthermore, the effects across different regions reveal that the impacts of green financial policy are pronounced in selected pilot zones, with Shanghai and Chongqing standing out the most while Gansu province performs the worst. The analysis also figure out that green financial policy stimulates the expansion of regional financing scales, resource endowment, and technological innovation as well.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.20
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• pp.75-86
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• 2010

Recently, as the number of female players has increased rapidly, the electronic gaming industry has begun to look at ways to appeal to the largely untapped female market. According to the latest game market investigative report by China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC), the total number of game players in China increased by 24.8% in 2009, reached 69,130,000 people, and 38.9% of them are female players. This growth in the number of female player is corroborated by a series of investigative reports from IResearch Company in Shanghai, China: from 2003 to 2009, the number of female players grew from 8% to more than 49%. Therefore, no matter how much attention the game production companies have given to male players or how they have ignored the female players before, the companies would be sensible to face up this reality and adjust their marketing policy a bit more. This article analyzes gender preferences in video games which shows that male players are more likely to be attracted to elements of aggression, violence, competition and fast action in electronic game-playing, while female players are drawn to emotional and social aspects of the games such as an understanding of character relationships. The literatures cited indicates that female players also show apparent preference for games with familiar environments, games that allow players to work together, games that have more than one way to win, and games in which characters do not die. It also discusses the characteristics of female-friendly games from the aspect of emotion, pointing out that the simulation games involving pet, dressing-up, and social simulation games are very popular with female players. Because these are the most suitable game types to fill with emotions of love, share, jealousy, superiority, mystery, these are absolutely attractive to female players. Finally, in accord with the above, I propose some principles of designing female-oriented games, including presenting a good-looking leading character, making the story interesting with "live" NPCs(Non-Playing Characters), and finding ways to satisfy female nature instincts such as taking care of others and the inborn interest of classifying and selecting.