• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.35-44
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• 2019

In this study, the axial stiffness of reinforcing piles (K_vr) for the vertical extension remodeling structures was estimated through 3D finite element analysis. In the computation of the minimum required axial stiffness of reinforcing piles, proposed maximum axial stiffness of old and deteriorated existing piles (K_ve) based on theoretical and experimental approaches will be applied. Through this, the required increase rate of axial stiffness of reinforcing piles in order to support the increased structural loading was proposed for end-bearing and friction piles by different slenderness ratio (L/D). The numerical model was validated by comparing the computed results with actual field measurements. Based on the computed results, it was concluded that the end-bearing reinforcing pile needs 44% - 67% increase in axial stiffness to deal with the deterioration of existing piles and support the additional structural load due to vertical extension remodeling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.914-917
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• 2008

This paper was to discuss the case and cause of debonding defect of wood floor board in apartment house by investigating actual survey. Most frequent defect in wood floor board was debonding of floor board. Scratch, gap and crack of floor board were also found in floor board installment work. Causes of debonding of floor board is shrinkage of cement mortar beneath floor board and expansion of floor board. Haste in floor board work did not provide enough time to dry cement mortar fully, which led to continue to dry after the installment of floor board. It caused moisture movement toward wood floor board. Accordingly, Before floor board work, careful consideration on moisture condition of cement mortar and enough curing time to eliminate the effect of moisture are taken into.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.23-31
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• 2011

To investigate the performance of apartment buildings which were built in the 1990s and which have RC bearing wall systems with coupling beams, construction drawings of 13 buildings were collected and analyzed. To evaluate the seismic performance, FEMA 356 and FEMA 440 were selected as guidelines. For the demand curve, the seismic design spectrum in KBC 2009 is used. For each building, the performance points for life safety and the collapse prevention state are calculated. It was found that 9 out of 13 buildings (about 70%) showed damage more severe than the collapse prevention level at the performance point and more damage could be seen at the coupling beams than the walls. However, the story drift limit of FEMA 356 was satisfied for all buildings. Through the analysis of performance points, it was shown that the spectral acceleration has an inverse relationship with the natural period.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.262-275
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• 2003

In this study, the characteristics of locational distribution of the eminent people show their socially and economically stabilized standing in Daegu, taking the aforesaid situation as a background of the study, and the process of this study is as follows ; to examine the forming process of residential areas in the city as a theoretical supporting, to put in order on classical interpretation to formation of residential areas, and general type modem residential areas formation, and economic decision factor of land use. Therefore, this study aims to examine growth and development of eminent persons' residential areas and, at the same time, extract locational characteristics through the pattern of eminent persons' location and predict changes in the future. Furthermore, a long-term development plan of Daegu is expected to contribute to completing formation of sub-centers as well as expanding metropolis areas. Recent efforts by the city government such as the ones to attract prestigious high schools in the upper city areas are also expected to bring out balanced development of the city.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.392-397
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• 2008

In case of the BTL project for current educational faculties, the proper standards to analyze those said educational standards lack, so it is very difficult to conduct an exact analysis and those improper standards are problematic when proper management and maintenance costs are calculated. In case of such educational facilities, as students have to use them safely for a long time and the quantity of their activities and the status of their physical growth based on individual classes, as well as the features for use by facility and the regional characteristics are different, other standards for maintenance and management must be considered unlike an apartment house. Thus, in this study, to set up the standards considering the features of educational facilities, the maintenance and management level suitable for educational facilities is presented by comparing and analysing that required to maintain and manage an apartment house, targeting the experts specializing management of educational facilities.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.120-129
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• 2009

Identification of the exact cause of a building fire is generally difficult, because the source and initially ignited objects are often severely damaged or even lost during the early stages of the fire. We made an experimental attempt to reasonably estimate the burning during the very early stages of a fire, and identify its source and causes. The case we studied was an apartment fire, which occurred in Tokyo, in July 2002. The fire was extinguished just after flashover, and the on-site investigations suggested the fire started from the TV and TV stand, which had been damaged so severely that it was difficult to conclude that the TV was the ultimate cause of the fire, simply from the on-site investigation. We conducted a series of burn tests using a TV and other products identical to those actually used in the apartment. Tests were set-up and procedures were carefully studied to recreate the conditions of the articles that remained, and of the room itself. The tests demonstrated that the conditions in the apartment could be recreated only when the fire started inside the TV and came into close contact with dresser.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-54
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• 2022

Using the 1st to 13th rounds of occupational history data of the Korea Employment Information Service's Youth Panel (YP2007), this study explores the trends and characteristics of the youth labor market in Seoul. We further empirically investigated the job duration and wage determinants of youth employed in Seoul. The results confirm that workers who have a higher income and a higher consistency with their majors are less likely to leave. In addition, we find that workers in full-time, householders, or labor unions have a higher income if they are men and work in large companies. In particular, compared to the reference group (appropriate academic background, appropriate skill), mismatches in the lack of education and skill showed a wage increase effect of 4.9% and 5.5%, respectively. For the major consistency, the wage of the matched major group is 3.8% higher than the non-matched major group.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

This study explores the interrelationship between 'KRX Construction' and 'Business Survey Index'. KRX Construction is a leading economic indicator of construction industry, implying the potential interdependence with BSI Construction. Previous papers have investigated the relationship between the released stock price index and BSI. Using Granger causality tests, this study investigates how the BSI Construction is associated with the trend and noise-trading components of KRX Construction, respectively. The decomposition of KRX Construction of trend and noise-trading is based on the state-space model. The results document unilateral Granger causalities from released KRX Construction, trend component, noise-trading component to BSI Construction. In sum, this study demonstrates that construction company CEOs view stock price index as a leading economic indicator.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.1 s.43
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• pp.81-97
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• 2007

This study investigated the Present status of laboratories for experiment and practice, and analyzed teachers' recognitions on experiment and practice for Home Economics area of a Technology and Home Economics curriculum according to majors of teachers. Questionnaires were mailed to middle school teachers who taught home economics part and they answered on the web. 220 replies were used for the final analysis. The findings were as follows: First, the facilities and teaching equipments of laboratories for home economics area were inferior, especially, for clothing and textiles part and housing part. Second, teachers recognized necessity to conduct experiment and practice highly. Food life part scored the highest, while housing part scored the lowest. Teachers who majored in home economics recognized more necessities of experiment and practice than teachers who didn't majored in home economics. Third, they recognized level of experiment and practice to be suitable to students, but 'maintenance and repair of housing' section was relatively less suitable than other sections. Fourth, 'making clothes and recycling' section was recognized to have the least suitability in quantities and hours of experiment and practice lesson, because of too much contents and lack of lesson hours. Fifth, teachers recognized that students were more interested in 'the basis of food preparation and practice' section, but they are less interested in 'maintenance and repair of housing' section. Sixth, teachers recognized that contents of experiment and practice were very useful to the real life. 'The basis of food preparation and practice' section was the most useful, while 'maintenance and repair of housing' section was the least useful. Seventh, experiment and practice lessons for food life part were put in practice very well, followed by the order of clothing and textiles part and housing part. Teachers who majored in home economics usually took more experiment and practice lessons than teachers who didn't major in home economics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.117-120
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• 2005

인구주택총조사는 국가통계의 가장 기본이 되는 자료를 생산하는 조사로 거의 대부분의 나라에서 전수조사방식으로 정기적으로 시행해왔다. 그러나 최근 들어 일부 국가, 특히 선진국에서 응답거부가 늘고, 조사대상을 접촉하기 어려운 등 조사환경이 나빠지고 있다. 아울러 조사비용이 급격하게 증가하고 있다. 이에 각 국의 통계청에서는 이러한 상황을 인구센서스에 대한 '근본적인 도전'으로 간주하고 있다(Jensen, 2000). 심지어 독일이나 네델란드에서는 조사환경의 악화로 1990년대 이후 인구센서스를 중단한 상태이다(Bierau, 2000). 조사환경의 악화는 조사의 포괄성과 신뢰성에 대한 문제를 야기한다. 선진국들과 마찬가지로 우리나라에서도 조사환경이 빠른 속도로 악화되고 있다. 더욱이 우리의 경우 읍면동사무소 기능축소로 말미암아 과거 인구주택총조사에서 실제 조사에 도움을 주었던 행정지원이 없어짐에 따라 앞으로 조사의 어려움은 더욱 커질 것으로 보인다. 이렇듯 악화되는 조사환경변화에 대응하여 선진 국가에서는 다양한 형태의 인구센서스방식들이 모색되고 있다. 많은 나라들이 순환형 센서스보다는 행정자료를 인구주택총조사에 활용하는 방안을 모색하고 있으며, 덴마크나 핀란드 등 일부 국가에서는 이미 전혀 조사를 하지 않고 행정자료로 대부분의 인구센서스 통계를 생산하고 있다(Harala, 1996; Gaasemyr, 1999; Laihonen, 1999), 많은 나라들이 행정자료를 활용한 인구센서스 방식을 선호하는 데는 또 다른 이유가 있다. 자료의 측면에서 보면, 행정자료를 활용할 경우 매년 인구센서스 통계를 생산할 수 있다. 실제로 현재 덴마크와 핀란드는 인구센서스에 준하는 통계를 매년 생산하고 있다. 또한 이러한 자료를 바탕으로 지역통계 수요에 즉각 대처할 수 있다. 더 나아가 이와 같은 통계는 전 국민에 대한 패널자료이기 때문에 통계적 활용의 범위가 방대하다. 특히 개인, 가구, 사업체 등 사회 활동의 주체들이 어떻게 변화하는지를 추적할 수 있는 자료를 생산함으로써 다양한 인과적 통계분석을 할 수 있다. 행정자료를 활용한 인구센서스의 이러한 특징은 국가의 교육정책, 노동정책, 복지정책 등 다양한 정책을 정확한 자료를 근거로 수립할 수 있는 기반을 제공한다(Gaasemyr, 1999). 이와 더불어 행정자료 기반의 인구센서스는 비용이 적게 드는 장점이 있다. 예를 들어 덴마크나 핀란드에서는 조사로 자료를 생산하던 때의 1/20 정도 비용으로 행정자료로 인구센서스의 모든 자료를 생산하고 있다. 특히, 최근 모든 행정자료들이 정보통신기술에 의해 데이터베이스 형태로 바뀌고, 인터넷을 근간으로 한 컴퓨터네트워크가 발달함에 따라 각 부처별로 행정을 위해 축적한 자료를 정보통신기술로 연계${cdot}$통합하면 막대한 조사비용을 들이지 않더라도 인구센서스자료를 적은 비용으로 생산할 수 있는 근간이 마련되었다. 이렇듯 행정자료 기반의 인구센서스가 많은 장점을 가졌지만, 그렇다고 모든 국가가 당장 행정자료로 인구센서스를 대체할 수 있는 것은 아니다. 행정자료로 인구센서스통계를 생산하기 위해서는 각 행정부서별로 사용하는 행정자료들을 연계${cdot}$통합할 수 있도록 국가사회전반에 걸쳐 행정 체제가 갖추어져야 하기 때문이다. 특히 모든 국민 개개인에 관한 기본정보, 개인들이 거주하며 생활하는 단위인 개별 주거단위에 관한 정보가 행정부에 등록되어 있고, 잘 정비되어 있어야 하며, 정보의 형태 또한 서로 연계가 가능하도록 표준화되어있어야 한다. 이와 더불어, 현재 인구센서스에서 표본조사를 통해 부가적으로 생산하는 경제활동통계를 생산하기 위해서는 개인이 속한 사업체를 파악할 수 있도록 모든 사업체가 등록되어 있고, 개인의 경제활동과 관련된 각종 정보들이 사업체에 잘 기록 및 정비되어 있어야 한다. 따라서 행정자료 기반의 인구센서스통계생산은 단지 국가의 통계뿐만 아니라 행정조직과 행정체계를 정비하고, 개인과 사업체의 등록체계를 정비하며, 사업체의 개인에 관한 정보를 정비하여 표준화하는 막대한 작업을 수반한다. 이런 이유에서 대부분의 국가들은 장래에 행정자료 기반의 인구센서스통계생산을 목표로 하되, 당장은 행정자료를 인구센서스에 보조적 수단을 사용하는 데 노력을 기울이고 있다. 우리나라의 경우 행정자료를 인구주택총조사에 활용할 수 있는 몇 가지 중요한 기반을 갖추고 있다. 첫째, 1962년부터 시행한 주민등록제도가 있다. 주민등록제도는 모든 국민 개개인을 파악할 수 있는 주민등록번호를 갖추고 있으며 40년 이상 제도화되어 오류가 거의 없는 편이다. 둘째, 세계 10위권 내에 들 정도로 높은 우리나라의 정보화 수준과 2000년부터 시작된 전자정부사업으로 행정자료를 연계${cdot}$통합할 수 있는 기반이 잘 갖추어져 있다. 반면, 우리나라 행정자료 가운데 주거(생활)단위와 사업체를 파악할 수 있는 자료는 매우불완전하다. 대표적으로 인구센서스통계의 주요한 단위인 가구를 파악할 수 있는 수준으로 주소체계가 정비되어 있지 않으며, 많은 사업체, 특히 소규모 사업 가운데 등록되어 있지 않거나 등록오류가 많은 편이다. 이외에도 과세대장, 토지대장 등 많은 행정자료가 아직은 불완전하여 이들을 직접 연계하기에 어렵다. 행정자료를 연계하기 위해서는 모든 자료를 정비하고 표준화하여 실제 행정에 활용하여야 하기 때문에 행정적으로 많은 노력과 시간이필요하다. 따라서 현재는 손쉬운 부분에서부터 인구주택총조사에 행정자료를 활용하고, 앞으로 활용 과정을 거치면서 행정자료를 정비하고 표준화하는 장기적인 방안을 마련할 필요가 있다.