• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.14-27
• /
• 2010

This study is aimed at understanding the wisdom of our ancestors in Korean traditional villages and finding out cues to designate and utilize community space in planning residential area in villages by examining community space in Korean traditional villages from cultural landscape point of view. This study designated 18 Korean traditional villages which have been preserving Korean traditional culture up to now, so deserve conservation from historical, cultural and artistic viewpoint. This study divided community spaces in each village into social area and ritual area depending on their uses and functions based on the results of pilot study and main study. In addition, ritual areas were also divided into Confucian ritual area and ethnic ritual area. Specifically, this study examined characteristics of space location and users by understanding the location of community space factors in the 18 villages. As for the factor analysis of community spaces, community factors established after the modern age were examined from modern viewpoint, and factors which had been destroyed or lost their original functions were examined from retrospective viewpoint. In conclusion, this study found out that cultural landscape in Korean traditional villages were affected by social relationship among villagers. The community spaces of villagers were multiple-function space rather than a space which was exclusively used by a specific class. Though the occupation of these spaces was separated and differentiated depending on sexes and ages, villagers tried to understand and respect each other through tacit communication.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.100-108
• /
• 2004

인테리어 디자인학은 보편적으로 건물의 내부공간, 즉 매우 명확한 경계들을 전제로 잘 정의된 공간들에 관한 연구로 그 범위가 제한되어져 왔다. 따라서 건축, 도시, 또는 매우 광대한 의미에서의 환경디자인의 특권으로 알려져 있는 도시에 관한 쟁점을 그다지 자주 다루지 않는 편이라 할 수 있겠다. 그러나 극도로 고밀도화된 현대의 대도시들은 주요 지하 교통망을 중심으로 상업, 유흥, 업무시설 그리고 경우에 따라서는 주거단지에 까지 쉽게 연결되는 거대한양의 전이 실내공간들을 창출해내고 있다. 이것이 최근 홍콩의 건축가 게리 챙(Gary Chang)에 의해서 규정된 새로운 개념의 고밀도 도시 인테리어 랜드스케이프(interior landscape)인 것이다. 이러한 인테리어스케이프의 개념은 현대 도시의 모습 중에서 가장 흥미로운 개념들 중의하나라 할 수 있는데 다양한 요소들이 혼합된 그 특성은 이제 사회학, 건축, 인류학, 도시탐험, 인테리어 디자인, 도시 그리고 환경 디자인 등 다양한 분야에서 뜨거운 논쟁의 주제로 떠오르게 된 것이다. 이제 도시에 관한 연구는 더 이상 외부에서 내부로 진행되는 것이 아니고, 내부에서부터 출발되는 것이다. 극도로 밀집된 아시아의 대도시들은 이렇게 혼잡한 도시환경의 모든 요인들을 더 잘 이해할 수 있도록 다양하고 흥미로운 상황들을 제공해 주고 있다. 상업적 목적으로 건물 전체를 사용하는 수직적 전략이나 다양한 문화적 행태들은 도시 환경의 '혼잡성'을 그냥 참을만한 것이 아니라 오히려 그 도시만의 매력적 요소로 부각시켜 주는 것이다. 본 논문은 인테리어스케이프를 중심으로 진행되고 있는 다양한 이론적 논쟁들의 분석에 그 기초를 두고 있다. '장소성의 부재'의 개념, 혼잡의 문화, 공공공간의 사유화, 결절도시, 한계의 개념들을 분석하여 아시아 대도시들이 어떻게 이러한 쟁점들을 그들 자신만의 고유한 해결책으로 발전시키는지를 고찰하고자 한다. 본 논문의 목적은 서울을 사례분석 중 하나로 사용하여 인테리어 디자인 분야의 경계를 대도시로 확장하는 동시에 새로운 적용영역의 가능성을 탐구하는데 있다 하겠다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.621-629
• /
• 2007

This study intends to investigate the characteristics of the foul smell of sewer pipes near large apartment complexes as complaints about offensive odors have drastically increased in urban residential areas. Targeting apartments where people actually complained about foul orders, the study result revealed that components in the smell of the water-purifier tank of the target apartment were very similar to those of sewage treatment plants and night soil treatment plants. Measuring components of odors inside the management layer of tank showed that the concentration of hydrogen sulfide was 10ppm, which is approximately 160 times the safety standard of 0.06ppm; the concentration of mercaptan was 0.9ppm, which is about 220 times the safety standard of 0.004ppm. The source materials of foul odors were discharged outside through ducts, and those households living near outlets producing bad smell complain that it gets worse depending on the air pressure or wind direction and strength, and they could not even open windows. As well, these source materials were transferred by discharge pumps to public sewer pipes outside the apartment complex. While discharge pumps starts operating, they remain on the sewer pipe and then begin to spread over to roads through small openings of manholes on the road. Then, the smell offends passers-by and residents near the road, leading to a lot of complaints. The study results suggest that, among the sources of foul odors in sewer pipes of residential areas, especially those from the water-purifier tank of large apartments, hydrogen sulfide should be the main target for follow-up treatment.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.127-136
• /
• 2011

The typical unit infrastructure cost estimation techniques adopted so far in implementing the Korean Impact Fee Zoning have rather been centered around the unilateral simple cost models. The techniques, as such, have frequently been criticized for their lack of flexibility in properly reflecting the regional differences as well as the peculiarities of individual development projects. The Ministry of Land, Transport, and Maritime Affairs (MLTM), in this regard, has recently introduced an enhanced alternative technique. Using the NGIS data, the study probes the viability of the MLTM's new technique by testing the entire estimation process based on the case area in Ansung City. Reflecting the City's characteristics, the study assumes a composite land use plan that accommodates the industrial area in addition to typical residential areas. As an extensive empirical case study, the research has found from the new technique considerable technical merits to overcome the existing shortcomings and summarized its significant policy implications.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Korean society is undergoing the rapid increase and poverty of elderly population. Therefore, the appropriate supply and planning of public rental housing for the low-income elderly is more important. The purpose of this study is to present the basic data for the study and planning of the elderly housing complex by analyzing the cognitive characteristics of the elderly residing in the rental housing. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted to identify health characteristics of the elderly living in the 'Gongreung SH Apartment'. 100 random samples were collected and 82 valid samples were analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel and R for the age, sex, health, outdoor walking frequency and characteristics of Cognitive map of the elderly. Results: The characteristics of cognitive map were classified into point shapes and linear shapes. The linear group was lower in average age than the point group and tended to draw the map wider. The wider the map was, the more the number of elements in cognitive map was. The number of elements on the cognitive map decreased as respondents' age increased. On the other hand it was not related to residence period and gender of the elderly. Implication: The cognitive extent of the residential environment tends to decrease with age. Men's cognitive range is wider than women's. There is no corelation between the number of cognitive elements and cognitive map type. Men tend to have a systematic image of city, whereas women focus on relational and social urban factors. For sustainable apartment complex design, various characteristics of the group including men and women, different age and different health status should be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.295-307
• /
• 2002

In the Nakdong River plain a very thick clayey soils are covered widely. Since the early 1990's, some huge reclamation projects have been performed for the development of industrial and residential complexes and so on. Despite a large number of soil investigations have been carried out for the projects, the geotechnical properties have never been elucidated well, so that the settlements of the ground due to the mischaracterized properties were greatly underestimated. Therefore, it has been needed to evaluate definitely the characteristics of the clayey soils, particularly for the compressibility characteristics to help understand the settlement behavior. For the compressibility characteristics of the Pusan clays, physical index and consolidation tests were conducted on the reconstituted and undisturbed samples. Using the result of physical index, the Pusan clays could be divided into two different units, which have different depositional environments. According to the concepts of Burland (1990) and Nagaraj et. al. (1990), the intrinsic state line and field compression curve of the Pusan clays could be established. It could be found from their concepts that the Pusan clays are under the cemented and young normally consolidated state and largely consisted of two units. The cementation of the clays was as well identified by compression index ratio (Tsuchida et. al.,1991) and sensitivity (Leroueil et. al.,1983).

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.21-34
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial-temporal proliferation of individual factories in the Seoul Metropolitan Area and to provide policy implications. The location of the factory is divided into individual locations and planned locations. In the case of individual locations, it takes a long time to establish factories. Also, due to high cost and regulation, the establishment of individual factories is not easy. However, since the establishment process is simple and the price of land is low, the establishment of individual factories has led to an increase in the number of individual factories. The problem of the undeveloped factories is that the lack of infrastructure such as the road and environmental pollution treatment facilities around the factory deteriorates the pleasant environment and the cityscape and deteriorates the health of the residents in the surrounding area. In this study, we analyzed the location of individual factories established in the Seoul metropolitan area from 2001 to 2016 by using ArcGIS Pro. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, individual location factories are formed around existing industrial complexes and industrial sites. The reason for this is considered to be the external effect that can be obtained from the surrounding area. Secondly, since the Seoul city's individual location factories are established in many residential areas, it shows the conflicting result of the mixture of residence and factory. Third, the Gyeonggi province's individual location factories have a high proportion of non-urban areas. This is because the Gyeonggi province's management area occupies a larger proportion than other areas in Gyeonggi province. This study analyzed the spatial - temporal spreading process of individual factories and the unfolding of individual factories in the metropolitan area, and it can provide policy implications to control the over development of individual factories in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.193-202
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to identify the magnitude of first flush in small city urban area and to provide the basic information on the criteria of stormwater runoff management. Monitoring site was surrounded by residential area in Gumi city near to national industrial complex and the monitoring period was three months. Total watershed area was 24.9 ha, where 80% of the area is impervious (asphalt of pavement type). Periodic monitoring of conventional water quality parameters were conducted with six times of rainfall period. Event mean and site mean concentrations for all the parameters were calculated based on the analytical results. Particle size distribution was 9.82 ${\mu}m$ for $D_{0.1}$, 38.99 ${\mu}m$ for $D_{0.5}$ and 159.61 ${\mu}m$ for $D_{0.9}$ respectively. First flush phenomenon was detected highly in particulate solids than dissolved ones. The first flush criteria results by mass first flush contained between 44.4% to 58.5% pollutant mass during the first 30% of runoff volume. Mass first flush ratio and particle size distribution obtained in this study are expected to provide the basic information for the design and operation of non-point source treatment facility.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.627-635
• /
• 2016

Recently, several construction projects have been built to create residential area, industrial complex and agricultural land on reclaimed on- and offshore regions. Estimating the quantity of filling materials during reclamation is the most curcial factor of the total construction cost of reclamation project. However, the estimation of loss ratio, defined as the ratio of loss amount to overall dumped amount, mostly depends on the empirical methods and formulae based on the material characteristics due to the lack of sufficient literature about the loss ratio according to hydraulic conditions. In this studies the loss ratio of materials considering flow conditions and material characteristics were examined through hydraulic experiments. A series of hydraulic experiments was conducted using five different hydraulic conditions and two types of materials such as sand and anthracite in a horizontal rectangular flume ($13.0m{\times}5.0m{\times}0.10m$), in which a round type revetment was installed. It is found that the loss ratio generally tends to increase with increasing the particle Froude number regardless of the types of materials. Also, when the flow velocity(u) becomes higher than the critical flow velocity ($u_c$), the loss ratios of sand and anthracite are dramtically increased up to 7.4% and 24.4%, respectively. As a future work, more specific mean velocities will be considered to figure out the loss ratio and more accurate estimation of amount of filling materials will be possible to present with confidence.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.277-285
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the scenic value of the Gyungin Ara waterway in real estate prices. Apart from the multi-functionality such as transportation of passengers and freight, prevention of floods, and provision of leisure areas, the Ara waterway possesses a scenic function which offers people esthetic value through unique and beautiful scenery. This scenic function is an externality for apartment residents living nearby. The applied methodology for this research is the Hedonic Price Model (HPM) which creates a cause and effect model between real estate prices and attributes. Variables such as apartment sale prices, complex characteristics, location characteristics, timely characteristics have been deduced through data collected from a total of 4,207 households that have experienced actual transactions during the same period, all located within the scenic benefit boundaries of the waterway. Landscape variable has been derived from algorithm designed by a combination of digital map and Google Mapview. The scenic value of the waterway estimated through the application of HPM on these variables is 165,000 Won per area (pyeong). The regional asset enhancing effect caused by the landscape view of the waterway is estimated to be 89.1 billion won.