• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2014

"ImwonGyeongjeji" is recognized the value which is unparalleled encyclopedia in the world, but that is only evaluate about variously handled with subject area and massive content and also most scholarly research was focusing agriculture which is the domestic situation of published period and "ImwonGyeongjeji" judged as a simple agriculture book. Therefore, this research focus to theory and technique of traditional landscape architecture from science of landscape architecture perspective and it is from "ImwonGyeongjeji" which is known as encyclopedia written by Seo Yu-gu in 19th century Joseon period. For such a contents, "ImwonGyeongjeji" can find a importance that it have value and status for represent of Korea 'landscape architecture statement' which compared with other East Asia in those aspects; 'professional about landscape architecture', 'superiority of composition system', indigenousness suitable for Korea' and 'enhance to superiority value of environmental factor for writing'.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.128-136
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• 2018

This study was centered on the protested data of the issue of "History of Landscape Architecture" in the handwritten course of landscaping articles of National Qualifications Test. The purpose of this study is to examine the types of social problems in the process of correcting erroneous historical facts. The purpose of this study was to find alternatives for the development of the field of landscape and culture history that can assist in the verification of the historical facts of the landscape sciences examination questions. The main results are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the contents of the landscape architects' subject matter, the establishment of concept of landscape style and form and the confirmation of historical facts were investigated as important types to be established for development of landscape landscape history department. It seems that the social consensus of the expert group is needed to supplement the lack of data to refer to landscape architectural theory. Second, the analysis of the problematic narrative contents resulted in a total of five types of questionnaires. The appeared in the Undefined style and form(52.94%), Unproven historical facts(25.13%), Obscurity Era classification(11.77%), Lack of specificity(6.95%), Content scope of obscurity events(3.21%) Third, it is not only the lack of information to learn the theory by comparing and analyzing the contents of the statements in the landscape architect 's question items, but also the difference of contents between books was analyzed as the main cause of the problem. As a result of examining the characteristics and examples of the issues raised in landscape architectural problems, it was related to the social phenomenon, and it was classified into cultural factors and political factors. Fourth, the resolution of problematic issues in landscape architects' landscaping articles, which are national technical qualification tests, shows positive results. The information determined in the process of solving the perceived content can be used directly in landscaping field, and it helps the accuracy of the verification process by identifying the types and characteristics of the issues.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.14-25
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• 2009

We live in an age which is exponentially growing as the knowledge paradigm is changing. New sites are subject to contemporary landscape architecture function as "fields" in which this hybrid aspect is both actively practiced and becoming a catalyst for change in the area of landscape architecture. With this as its background, this study attempts to deal with how the aspect of integration in environmental design is manifested. For this purpose, the tendencies for the discussion of integration in various fields of practice were examined: planning theories, urban theories, architecture, public environment, engineering, and landscape architecture. As yet, the discussions of interdisciplinary integration, which occur in practice in these respective fields, mainly tend to be oriented toward the effective implementation of the merits of other related fields. Seen from these examples of practice, integrated design approaches can be found in the following three aspects: design objects, respective professional areas, and methodologies of approaches and design. In terms of design objects, the positions of individual design subjects present themselves as most obvious, and integration or combination of the physical targets that come to exist through design can be easily seen. Most examples of integration turn out to be this, in almost every case of which the theme and the target of expression are integrated via a small number of certain methods. In terms of professional areas, what can be mainly evidenced is how the individual subject acts when the subject designs. The strong points of professionals from each field seem to create synergy, achieving through integration optimum results. In terms of methodologies of approaches and design, there are attempts to create integrated approaches as ways of effective decision-making, in which case the integration of all of the interest parties is of primary concern. As yet, few instances have been found in which integrated design has had enough strength to be seen as a concrete design methodology based on practical examples. However, it is encouraging that theoretical approaches and the necessity for integrated design have been identified from multiple perspectives, and that a practical movement such as landscape urbanism has come into active being. The authors of this study find this point in time to be ripe for discussions on integrated practices in terms of environmental design, on the basis of the synthetic approaches mentioned above.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.84-97
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• 2010

Landscape urbanism emerges as an alternative to the urban design theories of the past century, emphasizing landscape as an organizing principle, integrating the medium of different elements of the urban environment. However, ongoing criticism of the theory's lack of consideration for physical urban morphology has not supported the integrity of the theory. Large parks, which many proponents of the theory have referred to, possess valuable and interesting points in their design and management. This also shows the limitation of not being able to show the close physical relationship between open space and the city. In this study, the High Line project was analyzed to verify it as founded on landscape urbanism, providing that landscape urbanism drives the urban morphology on a small scale rather than a large one. This paper concludes that landscape urbanism should include small parks as one kind of study model with the small grained interaction between open spaces and the cities under this category to broaden and deepen the perspective. Also, the effort to analyze quantified and physical consequences of the theory through close observation should be followed to extract the design strategies to be applied to future projects.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.92-102
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• 2016

While there have many completions of large parks recently under development, there has been a dearth of quality assessments. Studies focused on post-evaluation have been made to resolve this, but most of these are biased toward user satisfaction after completion and therefore behaviour analysis has limitations on solving problemsduring the actual design implementation processes. Therefore, this study examined the internal phenomenon and structure of the implementation process of design competition through the ground theory and microscopic independent perspective. As a result, maintaining the identity and differentiation of parks derived from the preserved design competition scheme contributed greatly to completeness and satisfaction. Outcomes were mainly caused by the trust of public officials as the ordering organization, the will of policy decision-makers, and the competence of operational enterprises, etc. Negative factors such as undermining the whole concept of the park and landscape occurred as external pressure and related subjects intruded on change design factors due to variations in social conditions. Additionally, illogical construction processes occurred, such as a reinvestigation of the budget for restoration after damaging on original landscape. There have been needs for the improvement of the work processing system. On balance, an interventional role is very important in the park construction process, especially the PA and operation committee in terms of maintaining the basic direction, landscape design supervision for detailed designs, and expert construction management on LA in terms of rational work management in the field. The study, using the microscopic perspective of the designer and ground theory, deliver significant meaning as an early study by suggesting alternative methods for the after-evaluation of large parks and structurally looking into main influence factors driven during the construction process.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.55-63
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• 1984

Berglund-Liu 진동방식 단분산 분체입자 발생기(Berglund-Liu vibrating orifice monodisperse aerosol generator)에 의하여 제작한 단분산 광흡수성 표준분체입자를 사용하여 레이저 산란광 분체입도 측정기 (Knollenberg active scattering aerosol spectrometer)의 반응특성을 조사하 였다. 실험결과, 기기의 반응특성은 Mie 산란이론에 의하여 계산한 이론치와 매우 잘 일치하며 특히 광흡수성 분체입자는 광통과성 분체입자가 다의적인 특성을 나타내는 것에 반하여 거의 단조증가하는 일의적인 특성을 가지고 있으며 광흡수성 분체입자의 반응특성이 제작자의 교정 치에 가까운 결과를 나타내었다.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.16
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• pp.163-164
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• 2003

최근 수학교육에서는 네덜란드의 수학교육이론인 현실적 수학교육(Realistic Mathematics Education: 이하 RME) 이론에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있다. RME 이론의 관점에서 학생들은 만들어져 있는 수학을 수용하는 사람이 아니라 스스로 모든 종류의 수학적 도구와 통찰을 개발하는 활동적 참여자로서 다루어져야 한다. 따라서 수학 학습은 수학화될 수 있는 풍부한 맥락으로부터 시작해야하며, 이러한 수학화를 실제(reality)에 둘 수 있도록 기여할 수 있는 교재로 시작해야 한다. 최근 발간된 'Mathematics In Context(이하 MIC)'는 RME 이론을 반영한 중등학교용 교과서로 맥락 문제가 그 중심이 되고 있으므로 RME 이론의 구체화된 실제를 볼 수 있는 예가 될 수 있다. 지금까지 Freudenthal의 교육철학을 소개하는 문헌 연구를 비롯하여 RME 이론을 기반으로 하는 교수 학습의 효과 분석에 관한 연구가 초등학교를 중심으로 이루어지고 있으나 중등학교 이상의 수준에서 수행된 RME 관련 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 RME 이론이 중등학교 이상에서 수행되는 예를 찾기 위해 MIC 대수 교과서 중 'Comparing Quantities(Kindt, Abels, Meyer, & Pligge, 1998)'를 중심으로 Treffers(1991)의 다섯 가지 교수 학습 원리(구성하기와 구체화하기, 여러 가지 수준과 모델, 반성과 특별한 과제, 사회적 맥락과 상호작용, 구조화와 연결성)가 어떻게 구현되고 있는지 살펴보고자 한다. RME의 수학 학습 이론은 학생들이 맥락과 모델을 사용하면서 다양한 수준의 수학화를 통해서 자신의 수학을 개발할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. MIC 교과서는 맥락 문제와 여러 가지 해결 전략을 제시함으로써 그러한 수학 수업을 할 수 있도록 안내하는 교재가 될 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.35-49
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to establish some concepts, objects, and methodologies which are essential components in the theoretical inquiry of Landscape Architectural Criticism(LAC), and to explore the structure of LAC. Theough comparing the artistic characteristics of landscape architecture with the latent criticism in it, and introducing some important concepts of criticism and aesthetics, the concept of LAC is defined operationally. And through grasping changes of the definitions and concepts about landscpae architecture, and classifying the fields of it which are related to critical structure, the objects of LAC are established. According to Virgil C. Aldrich and many other aestheticians, general aspects of criticism are divided into $\circled1$analysis, $\circled2$ evaluation, $\circled3$interpretation, and $\circled4$description. Through these aspects and Wayne Attoe's opinion(which seemed to be generalized in architectural), the pertinent methodologies of LAC are explored.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2014

The Practice of Landscape Urbanism has been criticized on two aspects; Landscape Urbanism does not yet provide differentiated forms of planning and design neither able to fill the gap between theory and practice. In response to these criticisms, Landscape Urbanists have tried to provide additional cases that can exemplify achievements of Landscape Urbanism in practice. There has been another type of effort to suggest distinct planning and design strategies of Landscape Urbanism from theoretical texts. However, these approaches overlooked the fact that professional practice actually gave huge influence on the theoretical framework of Landscape Urbanism. Based on this observation, the study examined the development process of Landscape Urbanism by verifying the correlation between its practice and theory. Through an extensive literature review, the study suggested horizontality, infrastructure, process, ecology, media, hybrid, site, and scale as eight major concepts of Landscape Urbanism. Afterwards, the study classified 51 projects cited in major essays and articles of Landscape Urbanism into four categories: Archetypal projects, precedent projects, exemplary projects, and progressive projects. The correlation between strategies of the selected projects and main theoretical concepts was analyzed. The study found out that the early stage of the theory was focused on defining and explaining the new design and planning approaches of contemporary design projects related with landscape. However, these days, Landscape Urbanism became a more productive in providing diverse types of practice sharing the direction and vision proposed by the theory. Various projects influenced in constructing theoretical structure of Landscape Urbanism as well as proved that the suggestions of Landscape Urbanism could be effective to reorganize contemporary cites in the form of design and planning strategies. The observation of this study can contribute to provide proper answers to the criticism on practice of Landscape Urbanism and be helpful in understanding the limits and unrealized potentials of Landscape Urbanism as a practical theory.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.77-87
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• 2015

A design methodology for sustainable on the earth requires a synthetic, and holistic perspective to understand natural processes and urban environments. The apperceptive, holistic landscape design methodology includes one united environment combining analysis, planning and design. In addition, the individual process needs to provide enough spatial information and demands evaluation and understanding on the impact of a design result. The perspective and vision of Ian Mcharg, as asserted in his book, Design with Nature (1969), that the earth is one superorganism is being realized with Geodesign technologies. This paper made the following research efforts which can overcome the limit of the present GIS technologies for the sustainable landscape design: Review of the previous researches, analysis of foreign Geodesign cases and applied theories, suggestion of a Geodesign methodology for landscape design, selection of Geodesign tools and technologies for the implementation of the methodology, and finally the demonstration of effectiveness and potentiality by the application of the methodology.