• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 2014

In this study, the full scale model tests were performed with track-roadbed system such as Ho-nam high speed railway. The measured data gives good similar a roadbed pressure with equivalent depth to the Odemark's theory. In the case of earth pressures have a under 50 kPa at upper-subgrade applying 330 kN static loading. Results of cyclic loading tests did not differ significantly from those of static loading test. The elastic displacement at HSB layer has a level of 1/100 compared to the 1 mm that it was evaluation criteria for speed up of High Speed Railway. Elastic displacement at subgrade layer was measured a level of 1/175. The dynamic characteristics of track-roadbed with loading frequency level were linearly increased under 35 Hz, while the wheel loading, displacement and acceleration of roadbed were decreased loading frequency above 35 Hz.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.50-57
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• 1996

A numerical method is presented to obtain the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the arbitrary tapered beams with static deflection due to arbitrary distributed dead loads. The differential equation governing free vibration of such beams is derived and solved numerically. The double integration method using the trapezoidal rule is used to solve the static behaviour of beams loaded arbitrary distributed dead load. Also, the Improved Euler method and the determinant search method are used to integrate the differential equation subjected to the boundary conditions and to determine the natural frequencies of the beams, respectively. In the numerical examples, the various geometries of the beams are considered : (1) linearly tapered beams as the arbitrary variable cross-section, (2) the triangular, sinusoidal and uniform loads as the arbitrary distributed dead loads and (3) the hinged-hinged, clamped-clamped and hinged-clamped ends as the end constraints. All numerical results are shown as the non-dimensional forms of the system parameters. The lowest three natural frequencies versus load parameter, slenderness ratio and section ratio are reported in figures. And for the comparison purpose, the typical mode shapes with and without the effects of static deflection are presented in the figure. According to the numerical results obtained in this analysis, the following conclusions may be drawn : (1) the natural frequencies increase when the effects of static deflections are included, (2) the effects are larger at the lower modes than the higher ones and (3) it should be betteF to include the effect of static deflection for calculating the frequencies when the beams are supported by both hinged ends or one hinged end.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.225-232
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• 1997

Material properties of a new composite composed of components with known material properties are usually investigated through experiments. Elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio are measured at various volume fractions of mixed components and utilized as the base information on an analytical model for predicting the mechanical behaviors of a structure constructed by the composite. Elastic material properties of a composite at various volume fractions are numerically estimated by minimizing the error between the static displacements computed from a model for the composite and those computed from a model of homogeneous and isotropic material. A finite element model for a composite is proposed to distribute different types of material components easily into the model depending on the volume fraction. Then, the material properties of a composite filled with solid mircospheres are predicted numerically through a sample study and the estimated results are compared with experimental results and some theoretical equations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.85-91
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• 2002

인공위성을 이용한 위치결정시스템인 GPS(Global Positioning System)는 mm 단위의 정밀도로 정적, 동적 위치관측이 가능한 시스템으로 현재 여러 분야에서 활용이 증가하고 있다. 특히 교량, 댐 등 안전이 요구되는 사회기반 시설물의 동적 거동을 기록하고 감시하는데 있어서 GPS가 새로운 관측시스템으로 주목받고 있으며 이를 실용화하기 위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 GPS를 이용하여 건물의 거동상태를 점검 하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 초고층건물의 거동을 해석하기 위하여 건물 옥상에 GPS, 가속도계, 풍향계, 풍속계를 설치하였다. GPS와 가속도계를 이용하여 건물의 변위 및 가속도를 5Hz로 관측하였다. GPS를 이용한 변위관측은 1시간, 1분, 1초 등의 간격으로 3차원 변위를 계산하였으며, 계산된 3차원 변위를 가속도계, 풍속계, 풍향계와 연계하여 해석하였다. 대상 건물에 대한 최대 변위를 관측한 결과 시공 단계에 따라 큰 차이를 보였으며 건물의 안정성을 평가할 수 있는 척도인 건물의 고유 진동수의 경우 약 0.2Hz의 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 향후 모든 센서들을 통합하여 실시간으로 건물을 모니터링할 수 있는 시스템을 개발할 경우 건물의 안정성 해석 및 유지보수에 본 연구가 큰 기여를 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국지형공간정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.03a
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• pp.17-22
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• 2002

인공위성을 이용한 위치결정시스템인 GPS(Global Positioning System)는 mm 단위의 정밀도로 정적, 동적 위치관측이 가능한 시스템으로 현재 여러 분야에서 활용이 증가하고 있다. 특히 교량, 댐 등 안전이 요구되는 사회기반 시설물의 동적 거동을 기록하고 감시하는데 있어서 GPS가 새로운 관측시스템으로 주목받고 있으며 이를 실용화하기 위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 GPS를 이용하여 건물의 거동상태를 점검 하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 계절풍에 의한 초고층건물의 거동을 해석하기 위하여 건물 옥상에 GPS, 가속도계, 풍향계, 풍속계를 설치하였다. GPS와 가속도계로를 이용하여 건물의 변위 및 가속도를 5Hz로 관측하였다. GPS를 이용한 변위관측은 1시간, 1분, 1초 등의 간격으로 3차원 변위를 계산하였으며, 계산된 3차원 변위를 가속도계, 풍속계, 풍향계와 연계하여 해석하였다. 대상 건물에 대한 최대 변위를 관측한 결과 계절에 따라 큰 차이를 보였으며 건물의 안정성을 평가할 수 있는 척도인 건물의 고유 진동수의 경우 약 0.2Hz의 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 향후 모든 센서들을 통합하여 실시간으로 건물을 모니터링할 수 있는 시스템을 개발할 경우 건물의 안정성 해석 및 유지보수에 본 연구가 큰 기여를 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.109-119
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• 2004

A design procedure for velocity-dependent supplemental dampers, such as viscous or viscoelastic dampers, required to meet the desired performance objectives was developed using displacement spectra. The amount of supplemental damping required to satisfy given performance limit state was obtained first from the nonlinear static procedure using displacement spectra, then dampers were appropriately distributed throughout the stories to realize the required damping. The proposed method was applied to multi-story steel frames, and the structures were analyzed by time history analysis to validate the accuracy of the design procedure. According to the analysis results the maximum displacements of the model structures retrofitted by the supplemental dampers turned out to be restrained well within the given target values.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3A
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• pp.257-264
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• 2010

Generally, estimations on the displacement as an important factor in evaluating the safety of large structures could be a barometer assessing whether the condition of the structure is deteriorating. Practically, it is not easy how to measure the displacement response to large structures like suspension bridges. In this study, as a method for estimation displacement response from strain signals, mode decomposition technique is proposed. Total displacement response is estimated by superposing quasistatic displacement response and modal displacement responses in dominant modes with larger contributions after estimating the modal displacement responses. If foiled strain gauges are used to measure strain signals, there would likely to generate electric noise, what's more, the more measuring points there are the more economic burden it could be. In order to solve such problems, fiber optic bragg-grating(FBG) sensors were used, which have multi-point measurements with no effect on electric noises. Therefore, the experiment was performed through dynamic load test of suspension bridge and plate-girder bridge to review the possibility for using mode decomposition technique.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.237-244
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• 2001

On this study, a 50-years-old earth dam was measured by the static method of GPS for deformation monitoring. The reference network was measured by the vector between points in twice times and the monitored points were observed in four times at test field, i.e. an embankment which was restored by mortar, In addition, gross errors in the measurement were estimated and eliminated by data snooping method and random errors were adjusted by least square method. Finally, the amount of displacement was estimated from variance-covariance matrix. Also, precision of points were showed by the confidence ellipse(95%), and the amount of displacement was figured.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.163-176
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• 2001

In this paper, the stress resultants and displacements of simply supported curved girder based on the flexural torsional theory considering torsional warping effects are analyzed. And elastic equations of continuous curved girder are obtained by using energy method. Also, bending moment warping torsional moment diagram, pure torsional moment diagram, shearing force diagram, and deflection diagram of continuos curved girder bridge subjecting to vertical loads and uniform loads are presented.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.249-257
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• 2005

There are basically two methods for the seismic design of underground structures ; analytical or pseudo-static, and dynamical method. In pseudo-static analysis approach, the ground deformations are imposed as a static load and soil-structure interaction does not include dynamic or wave propagation effects. However the behavior of soil structure interaction is nonlinear, it needs to consider nonlinear soil-structure interaction effects. In this study simplified seismic analysis method to consider soil-structure interaction by iterative procedure is proposed and the results are compared and analyzed by a finite difference computer program.