• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.115-145
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• 2007

This study was performed for developing upscaling Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map(ECVAM) of National Land in South Korea and presenting the application method of ECVAM. This ECVAM adopted the least indicator method and uses a Geographic Information System(GIS). This map is made through evaluation of 67 items. As a result, the construction of ECVAM was defined as a process of identifying land use to scientifically assess the physical and environmental value of land and classify conservation value into several grades for the sustainable management of environmental resources. After applying ECVAM criteria of five degrees to the whole of study area, Grade I, showing the highest conservation value, accounted for 29.3% by land area of ECVAM. Grades II, III, IV and V likewise accounted for, respectively, 21.7%, 17.2%, 7.1% and the lowest conservation value of 24.7%. other result, ECVAM and land suitability assessment agreement rate is Grade I 33.05%, Grades II, III, IV and V likewise accounted for 12.92%, 15.05%, 36.93% and last value of 53.28% This study set up "the realization of the improvement ECVAM" as the vision of the advancing strategy. In order to accomplish the vision, this study established the purpose as follow; constructing strategic assessment value relation to ECVAM based on knowledge, arranging the foundation to upscaling assessment value And this study devised preparatory plans to achieve the vision and the purpose as next; construction on base theme map by 1:5,000 scalie, base on land register theme map and precision land cover map. Therefore, for applying the result of this study to the upscaling Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map(ECVAM), it considers regularly the systematic categorization of preceding item, consideration issue of national environmental geographic information using the ECVAM.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality and problems of Web sites for management of childhood and adolescent obesity. Methods: We evaluated 203 Web sites identified from the search engine, Korean Yahoo, using the word of 'childhood and adolescent obesity'. 203 Web sites were classified according to medical institutions, health information Web sites, beauty shops. etc. We surveyed whether childhood and adolescent obesity distinguished with adult obesity was considered, or not. and researched the unique managements of childhood and adolescent obesity including the cardinal treatment. Results: Of the 203 Web sites, 157(77.3%) provided detailed information about treatment of obesity, 46(22.7%) provided only simple information about one. The sites providing detailed information were composed of 52.2% of oriental medicine clinics, 35.0% of clinic & hospitals including pediatric hospitals. Distribution of the sites about management of childhood and adolescent obesity distinguished with adult's one was only 23% of oriental medicine clinics, but 93% of childrens hospitals. Conclusion: Without considering the speciality of childhood obesity, inaccurate information are distributing on internet web sites. It is necessary for concern and development of advertizing system on the internet distributing accurate information about treatment of childhood obesity.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.213-235
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• 2008

Recent reports about economic structure and changes show that global economy changes to rely on service rather than manufacturing. This phenomenon can be explained in two ways: the growth of service industry itself and the increasing reliance on service by other industry areas. The importance of service is indicated by the fact that the contribution of research and development, marketing, and finance to the revenue generation of companies is getting greater than that of manufacturing. This change in the economic structure calls for researchers' attention on the importance of service and the service-based economy. In the service-based economy, firms are considered value proposition providers and consumers actual value creators so that the concept of co-value creation becomes a key thesis to study. However, there are a variety of definitions of service and diversified measurements of service anchored in the supplier-oriented understanding of service yet. This lack of understanding of the service and the economic paradigm change causes a lot of problems in the areas of service productivity, service quality, and service innovation. Even though a new movement called service science started and rigorously pursues the way of enhancing the understanding of the economic change and service productivity, there is no framework that provides a unified view about the new role of service, service productivity, service quality, and thus service innovation. This study proposes a unified framework to provide a structured view about service provision and to facilitate the research on service. The framework is built on the concepts from previous studies about service marketing and service science: service life cycle and service networks including value activity network, resource integrator network, and capability network. We hope this study can be used as the basis for future studies on service science.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.22 no.7 s.78
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• pp.79-90
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• 2004

In this study, we applied the Bayesian Networks for the case of the trip generation models using the Seoul metropolitan area's house trip survey Data. The household income was used for the independent variable for the explanation of household size and the number of cars in a household, and the relationships between the trip generation and the households' social characteristics were identified by the Bayesian Networks. Furthermore, trip generation's characteristics such as the household income, household size and the number of cars in a household were also used for explanatory variables and the trip generation model was developed. It was found that the Bayesian Networks were useful tool to overcome the problems which were in the traditional trip generation models. In particular the various transport policies could be evaluated in the very short time by the established relationships. It is expected that the Bayesian Networks will be utilized as the important tools for the analysis of trip patterns.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.551-564
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• 2016

Earthworks are the fundamental steps in a construction job, and are mainly comprised of smaller tasks performed by construction machinery. The productivity of the construction job can be improved by optimizing excavation, filling, and other such operations. Earthworks involve a lot of mechanical work performed by the collaboration between various kinds of construction equipment, which in turn leads to higher fuel consumption. Actual earthworks depend mostly on the intuition and experience of the driver of the machines, thus leading to inefficiency and environmental problems caused by unnecessary emission of carbon, Recently automated and information-oriented technologies are consistently being researched towards the improvement of efficiency of earthworks in the construction industry. The present research involves the introduction and understanding of the decision-making elements of heuristics which can be applied to the earthwork planning. A method is also suggested for creating an effective work path for construction machine to perform task packages (TP) for cutting and filling processes. A simulation test is performed to verify the effectiveness of suggested methods in terms of space interference and total moving distance of construction equipment.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.3B
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• pp.301-310
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• 2006

Typically, we needs enormous national budget for the flood control project and so the project usually has big influence on the national economy. Therefore, the reliable estimation of flood damage is the key issue for the economic analysis of the flood control project. This study aims to provide a GIS based technique for distributed flood damage estimation. We consider two aspects of engineering and economic sides, which are the inundation analysis and MD-FDA (Multi-Dimensional Flood Damage Analysis), for the flood damage assessment. We propose the analysis framework and data processing using GIS for assessing flood damages. The proposed methodology is applied to the flood control channel project for flood disaster prevention in Mokgamcheon/Dorimcheon streams and this study presents the detailed GIS database and the assessment results of flood damages. This study may have the worth in improving practical usability of MD-FDA and also providing research direction for combining economic side with the engineering aspect. Also this distributed technique will help decision-making in evaluating the feasibility of flood damage reduction programs for structural and nonstructural measures.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2007

[ $\underline{Purpose}$ ]: The purpose of this study is to develop a practical method for determining accurate marker positions for prostate cancer radiotherapy using CT images and kV x-ray images obtained from the use of the on- board imager (OBI). $\underline{Materials\;and\;Methods}$: Three gold seed markers were implanted into the reference position inside a prostate gland by a urologist. Multiple digital image processing techniques were used to determine seed marker position and the center-of-mass (COM) technique was employed to determine a representative reference seed marker position. A setup discrepancy can be estimated by comparing a computed $COM_{OBI}$ with the reference $COM_{CT}$. A proposed algorithm was applied to a seed phantom and to four prostate cancer patients with seed implants treated in our clinic. $\underline{Results}$: In the phantom study, the calculated $COM_{CT}$ and $COM_{OBI}$ agreed with $COM_{actual}$ within a millimeter. The algorithm also could localize each seed marker correctly and calculated $COM_{CT}$ and $COM_{OBI}$ for all CT and kV x-ray image sets, respectively. Discrepancies of setup errors between 2D-2D matching results using the OBI application and results using the proposed algorithm were less than one millimeter for each axis. The setup error of each patient was in the range of $0.1{\pm}2.7{\sim}1.8{\pm}6.6\;mm$ in the AP direction, $0.8{\pm}1.6{\sim}2.0{\pm}2.7\;mm$ in the SI direction and $-0.9{\pm}1.5{\sim}2.8{\pm}3.0\;mm$ in the lateral direction, even though the setup error was quite patient dependent. $\underline{Conclusion}$: As it took less than 10 seconds to evaluate a setup discrepancy, it can be helpful to reduce the setup correction time while minimizing subjective factors that may be user dependent. However, the on-line correction process should be integrated into the treatment machine control system for a more reliable procedure.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.157-184
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• 2010

Global climate change is destroying the water circulation balance by changing rates of precipitation, recharge and discharge, and evapotranspiration. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2007) makes "changes in rainfall pattern due to climate system changes and consequent shortage of available water resource" a high priority as the weakest part among the effects of human environment caused by future climate changes. Groundwater, which occupies a considerable portion of the world's water resources, is related to climate change via surface water such as rivers, lakes, and marshes, and "direct" interactions, being indirectly affected through recharge. Therefore, in order to quantify the effects of climate change on groundwater resources, it is necessary to not only predict the main variables of climate change but to also accurately predict the underground rainfall recharge quantity. In this paper, the authors selected a relevant climate change scenario, In this context, the authors selected A1B from the Special Report on Emission Scenario (SRES) which is distributed at Korea Meteorological Administration. By using data on temperature, rainfall, soil, and land use, the groundwater recharge rate for the research area was estimated by period and embodied as geographic information system (GIS). In order to calculate the groundwater recharge quantity, Visual HELP3 was used as main model for groundwater recharge, and the physical properties of weather, temperature, and soil layers were used as main input data. General changes to water circulation due to climate change have already been predicted. In order to systematically solve problems associated with how the groundwater resource circulation system should be reflected in future policies pertaining to groundwater resources, it may be urgent to recalculate the groundwater recharge quantity and consequent quantity for using via prediction of climate change in Korea in the future and then reflection of the results. The space-time calculation of changes to the groundwater recharge quantity in the study area may serve as a foundation to present additional measures for the improved management of domestic groundwater resources.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.335-341
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• 2009

Purpose : The medical imaging issuance is changed from conventional film method to Digital Compact Disk solution because of development on IT technology. However other medical record department's are undergoing identification check through and through whereas medical imaging department cannot afford to do that. So, we examine present applicant's recognition of private intelligence safeguard, and medical imaging issuance condition by CD & DVD medium toward various medical facility and then perform comparative analysis associated with domestic and foreign law & recommendation, lastly suggest standard for medical imaging issuance and process relate with internal environment. Materials and methods : First, we surveyed issuance process & required documents when situation of medical image issuance in the metropolitan medical facility by wire telephone between 2008.6.1$\sim$2008.7.1. in accordance with the medical law Article 21$\sim$clause 2, suggested standard through applicant's required documents occasionally - (1) in the event of oneself $\rightarrow$ verifying identification, (2) in the event of family $\rightarrow$ verifying applicant identification & family relations document (health insurance card, attested copy, and so on), (3) third person or representative $\rightarrow$ verifying applicant identification & letter of attorney & certificate of one's seal impression. Second, also checked required documents of applicant in accordance with upper standard when situation of medical image issuance in Kyung-hee university medical center during 3 month 2008.5.1$\sim$2008.7.31. Third, developed a work process by triangular position of issuance procedure for situation when verifying required documents & management of unpreparedness. Result : Look all over the our manufactured output in the hospital - satisfy the all conditions $\rightarrow$ 4 place(12%), possibly request everyone $\rightarrow$ 4 place(12%), and apply in the clinic section $\rightarrow$ 9 place(27%) that does not medical imaging issuance office, so we don't know about required documents condition. and look into whether meet or not the applicant's required documents on upper 3month survey - satisfy the all conditions $\rightarrow$ 629 case(49%), prepare a one part $\rightarrow$ 416 case(33%), insufficiency of all document $\rightarrow$ 226case(18%). On the authority of upper research result, we are establishing the service model mapping for objective reception when image export situation through triangular position of issuance procedure and reduce of friction with patient and promote the patient convenience. Conclusion : The PACS is classified under medical machinery that mean indicates about higher importance of medical information therefore medical information administrator's who already received professional education & mind, are performer about issuance process only and also have to provide under ID checking process exhaustively.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.171-182
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• 2018

We performed the seismic field data processing using an open-source software (Madagascar) to verify if it is applicable to processing of field data, which has low signal-to-noise ratio and high uncertainties in velocities. The Madagascar, based on Python, is usually supposed to be better in the development of processing technologies due to its capabilities of multidimensional data analysis and reproducibility. However, this open-source software has not been widely used so far for field data processing because of complicated interfaces and data structure system. To verify the effectiveness of the Madagascar software on field data, we applied it to a typical seismic data processing flow including data loading, geometry build-up, F-K filter, predictive deconvolution, velocity analysis, normal moveout correction, stack, and migration. The field data for the test were acquired in Gunsan Basin, Yellow Sea using a streamer consisting of 480 channels and 4 arrays of air-guns. The results at all processing step are compared with those processed with Landmark's ProMAX (SeisSpace R5000) which is a commercial processing software. Madagascar shows relatively high efficiencies in data IO and management as well as reproducibility. Additionally, it shows quick and exact calculations in some automated procedures such as stacking velocity analysis. There were no remarkable differences in the results after applying the signal enhancement flows of both software. For the deeper part of the substructure image, however, the commercial software shows better results than the open-source software. This is simply because the commercial software has various flows for de-multiple and provides interactive processing environments for delicate processing works compared to Madagascar. Considering that many researchers around the world are developing various data processing algorithms for Madagascar, we can expect that the open-source software such as Madagascar can be widely used for commercial-level processing with the strength of expandability, cost effectiveness and reproducibility.