• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.6 no.1 s.11
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• pp.73-85
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• 2004

Recently, as the growth of the wireless Internet, PDA and HPC, the focus of research and development related with GIS(Geographic Information System) has been changed to the Real-Time Mobile GIS to service LBS. To offer LBS efficiently, there must be the Real-Time GIS platform that can deal with dynamic status of moving objects and a location index which can deal with the characteristics of location data. Location data can use the same data type(e.g., point) of GIS, but the management of location data is very different. Therefore, in this paper, we studied the Real-Time Mobile GIS using the HBR-tree to manage mass of location data efficiently. The Real-Time Mobile GIS which is developed in this paper consists of the HBR-tree and the Real-Time GIS Platform HBR-tree. we proposed in this paper, is a combined index type of the R-tree and the spatial hash Although location data are updated frequently, update operations are done within the same hash table in the HBR-tree, so it costs less than other tree-based indexes Since the HBR-tree uses the same search mechanism of the R-tree, it is possible to search location data quickly. The Real-Time GIS platform consists of a Real-Time GIS engine that is extended from a main memory database system. a middleware which can transfer spatial, aspatial data to clients and receive location data from clients, and a mobile client which operates on the mobile devices. Especially, this paper described the performance evaluation conducted with practical tests if the HBR-tree and the Real-Time GIS engine respectively.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.17
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• pp.145-178
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• 2001

Bourdieu is one of the few social science researchers who were interested in photography. Bourdieu's work on photography appears principally in two books: Un art moyen: Essai sur les usagrs sociaux de la photographie(1965) and La distinction(1979). In these books, Bourdieu analyzes the role of photography in the family life of peasants and small town and urban dwellers. He shows how different classes and groups express their esthetic worldview in response to different photographs and photographic styles. What Bourdieu analyzed is not just photography but ways of photographing and ways of looking at pictures. Through these analyses, Bourdieu explores the social definition of photography. Bourdieu's ideas on photographic practice in social life are as follows. First, the photography, especially family photography generally practiced, has the integrative function. It recreates the group by ritualizing and solemnizing the important moments of social life in which the group reaffirms its unity. Second, the photography as esthetic practice in search of legitimacy as a fine art becomes a means by which different classes are pitted against each other. Each of classes gives its own meaning to photographic practice. Despite its originality and persuasive power, Bourdieu's work on photography has its own limits. The data used by Bourdieu are 35 years old and relevant to European social life. Things has changed since. First, the technological improvement and innovation in photography was considerable. Cheap and good photographic materials, easy to operate, made photographic practice everybody's everyday activity. New media like camcorder and digital camera made photography one of the industrial discards like jukebox. It means that photography does not function as important means of distinction between classes any longer. The integrative function of the photography becomes more ambiguous too. Second, the esthetic status of the photography has changed. The family photography was already integraed into fine art. Photography is not a middle-brow art any more. Bourdieu's work on photography shows how photography was used by different social classes in European social life of the 1960's. His work is historically and geographically limited. Moreover, his work was ordered by the french affiliate of Eastman Kodak Company. And all along the analysis, Bourdieu didn't hide his intention of distinguishing his sociological method from the other methods, especially psychological one. These mean that Bourdieu's work was done in a specific context, for specific purposes. In this respect, Bourdieu's work on photography, like every sociological work, can not claim to be universal.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.236-256
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• 2011

Forest carbon stocks change due to land use change is an important data required by UNFCCC(United Nations framework convention on climate change). Spatially explicit estimation of forest carbon stocks based on IPCC GPG(intergovernmental panel on climate change good practice guidance) tier 3 gives high reliability. But a current estimation which was aggregated from NFI data doesn't have detail forest carbon stocks by polygon or cell. In order to improve an estimation remote sensing and GIS have been used especially in Europe and North America. We divided research trends in main countries into 4 categories such as remote sensing, GIS, geostatistics and environmental modeling considering spatial heterogeneity. The easiest way to apply is combination NFI data with forest type map based on GIS. Considering especially complicated forest structure of Korea, geostatistics is useful to estimate local variation of forest carbon. In addition, fine scale image is good for verification of forest carbon stocks and determination of CDM site. Related domestic researches are still on initial status and forest carbon stocks are mainly estimated using k-nearest neighbor(k-NN). In order to select suitable method for forest in Korea, an applicability of diverse spatial data and algorithm must be considered. Also the comparison between methods is required.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.14D no.1 s.111
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• pp.121-130
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• 2007

in a software development, the design or architecture prior to implementing the software is essential for the success. This paper presents a case that we successfully designed a software architecture of radiation monitoring system (RMS) for HANARO research reactor currently operating in KAERI by applying the quality attribute-driven design method which is modified from the attribute-driven design (ADD) introduced by Bass[1]. The quality attribute-driven design method consists of following procedures: eliciting functionality and quality requirements of system as architecture drivers, selecting tactics to satisfy the drivers, determining architectures based on the tactics, and implementing and validating the architectures. The availability, maintainability, and interchangeability were elicited as duality requirements, hot-standby dual servers and weak-coupled modulization were selected as tactics, and client-server structure and object-oriented data processing structure were determined at architectures for the RMS. The architecture was implemented using Adroit which is a commercial off-the-shelf software tool and was validated based on performing the function-oriented testing. We found that the design method in this paper is an efficient method for a project which has constraints such as low budget and short period of development time. The architecture will be reused for the development of other RMS in KAERI. Further works are necessary to quantitatively evaluate the architecture.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.34 no.5_6
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• pp.202-213
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• 2007

A network is an important model widely used in natural and social science as well as engineering. To analyze these networks easily it is necessary that we should layout the features of networks visually. These Graph-Layout researches have been performed recently according to the development of the computer technology. Among them, the Scale-free Network that stands out in these days is widely used in analyzing and understanding the complicated situations in various fields. The Scale-free Network is featured in two points. The first, the number of link(Degree) shows the Power-function distribution. The second, the network has the hub that has multiple links. Consequently, it is important for us to represent the hub visually in Scale-free Network but the existing Graph-layout algorithms only represent clusters for the present. Therefor in this thesis we suggest Graph-layout algorithm that effectively presents the Scale-free network. The Hubity(hub+ity) repulsive force between hubs in suggested algorithm in this thesis is in inverse proportion to the distance, and if the degree of hubs increases in a times the Hubity repulsive force between hubs is ${\alpha}^{\gamma}$ times (${\gamma}$??is a connection line index). Also, if the algorithm has the counter that controls the force in proportion to the total node number and the total link number, The Hubity repulsive force is independent of the scale of a network. The proposed algorithm is compared with Graph-layout algorithm through an experiment. The experimental process is as follows: First of all, make out the hub that exists in the network or not. Check out the connection line index to recognize the existence of hub, and then if the value of connection line index is between 2 and 3, then conclude the Scale-free network that has a hub. And then use the suggested algorithm. In result, We validated that the proposed Graph-layout algorithm showed the Scale-free network more effectively than the existing cluster-centered algorithms[Noack, etc.].

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.44
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• pp.333-361
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• 2016

In general, content business companies include animation industry can have benefits, which they have higher incomes when they obtain wider markets. Therefore, they pursue to have diverse windows for content distribution or to reach the foreign markets for dealing their content products with potential customers. It have the greatest value. They can re-invest the incomes to produce their new products, and they can enhance the international competitiveness of their next products. As the results, the companies can have more incomes and wider markets in next business, and it will be the effectiveness of the good cycle of the animation industry. Animation industry has being undergone of its structure changes, more economical chances and viewers' attitudes changes through the all over the industry because of the acceptance of new digital technology. To response the changes or have the new chances from the changes, they should to review the existing system and the law concerned with the animation business as well as having the diverse new plans for supporting the industry like a construction of the online marketplace of Korean animation. It would make the Korean animation companies to meet foreign customers easily by making lower the entrance barrier of the foreign markets. Current Korean government needs to estimate the value of the Korean animation accurately and objectively by concerning its surroundings to support efficiently. However, it is very difficult to estimate the value of the content rightly because of its' intangible and subjective matter. For this, they should analyze the all the data of the information of the Korean animation content by accumulate, open to the public and manage. So if the government makes online marketplace for the Korean animation, which all the Korean animation companies get in, it would be a solution of estimating the value of the Korean animation rightly. In addition, it will be used as the role of archive of the government to lead the industry successfully. As a point of the small size of the Korean animation companies, they are government dependable because of its low budget, so they strongly expect the government to do the right role as the unique knowledge distributor. Therefore, the Korean animation online marketplace would make not only big companies, but also small companies to have the chances to increase the value of their content in the global markets by themselves without economic burdens.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2006

Objectives: In recently. the management and protection on individual information in patient's medical & nursing records have been very important, and that need a guideline. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of using the patient's nursing records of nursing students in clinical practice, to find and discuss the patient's informed consent, and status of education and management concerned to patient's nursing records. Methods: This study used a mailing survey. data collected from September 24th to October 31th in 2002. The subject were 333 professors who are major in adult nursing, pediatric nursing, psychological nursing of 111 university of nursing department and nursing college. And then we received the survey mail from 103 professors that respondent rate was 30.9%. Results: The characteristics of study subjects showed 49.0% of university. 51.0% of college of nursing. 50.0% of the subjects practiced point the patient by oral approval in clinical practice. But when the decision of the patient was very difficult, 21.6% of the subjects take to informed consent from his or her families. During the clinical practice, 49.0% of the subjects were explain to patient about clinical practice and contents of the nursing student, only 7.8% of the subjects were explain to patient with nursing records. 52.0% of the subjects were took out records from the hospital, only 17.6% of the subjects had standard of the patient's informed consent and standard of handling practice records. 17.6%-92.2% of the subjects that educate and manage concern to patient's nursing records.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.17 no.4 s.38
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• pp.101-115
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• 2005

The purpose of this research was to develop and applicate In based teaching$\cdot$learning process plan for Environmentally friendly Housing. The 3 main stages of process were used: analyses, planning & development, and application & evaluation. Three teaching subjects were selected to teach Environmentally friendly housing in the analysis stage. The webhard learning environment was consisted of contents and various materials such as digital video, PPT, group activity, discussion, individual and group reporting forms, and questions. The number of 101 high school students participated for the application stage during september 22-27, 2003. Most of all students evaluated very positively the various aspects of contents as well as LT cooperative learning methods md the web based learning environment. They strongly expressed to practice the practical ways of Environmentally friendly housing learned in the class in the future. The results imply that the contents and In teaching learning plan developed in this study seem to be adequate to be included in the regular text.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.443-454
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• 2008

Statement of problem: A clinically successful color match is one of the important factor to get an esthetic dental restoration. Dental shade guides are commonly used to evaluate tooth color in restorative procedure. But numerous reports have indicated that common shade guides do not provide sufficient spectral coverage of the natural tooth colors. To address issues associated with the shade guide, distinct avenues have been pursued objective spectrophotometric / colorimetric assessment. Purpose: This study compared the accuracy of tooth color selection of spectrophotometer with that of human visual determination. Three main factors were investigated, namely, the effect of light, the individual variation and the experience of the observer. Material and methods: At the first experiment, on ten patients, one operator independently selected the best matching shade to the unrestored maxillary central incisor, using a Vita Classical Shade Guide in the morning, at noon and in the afternoon. The same teeth were measured by means of a reflectance spectrophotometer. At the second experiment, on ten patients, ten operators (5 experts, 5 novices) selected and measured by the same method above at noon. At the third experiment, the results of the second experiment were divided into two groups, expert and novice, and analyzed. Results: 1. There was significant difference between visual and spectrophotometric assessment (mean ${\Delta}E$ values) in experiment 1, 2, 3 (P < .05). 2. There was no significant difference between experts and novices group, when comparing with each visual and spectrophotometric assessment (mean ${\Delta}E$ values). Conclusion: Spectrophotometer could be used to analyze the shade of natural tooth objectively. Thereby, this method offers the potential tominimize considerably the need for corrections or even remakesafter intraoral try-in of restoration. Furthermore, to achieve its advantage, both the shade-matching environment and communication between dentist and technician should be optimized with use of visual and instrumental shade-matching systems.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.6_4
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• pp.1503-1517
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• 2018

Mt. Baekdu is a stratovolcano located at the border between China and North Korea and is known to have formed through its differentiation stage after the Oligocene epoch in the Cenozoic era. There has been a growing interest in the magma re-activity of Mt. Baekdu volcano since 2010. Several research projects have been conducted by government such as Korea Meteorological Administration and Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources. Because, however, the Mt. Baekdu volcano is located far from South Korea, it is quite difficult to collect in-situ observations by terrestrial equipment. Remote sensing is a science to analyze and interpret information without direct physical contact with a target object. Various types of platform such as automobile, unmanned aerial vehicle, aircraft and satellite can be used for carrying a payload. In the past several decades, numerous volcanic studies have been conducted by remotely sensed observations using wide spectrum of wavelength channels in electromagnetic waves. In particular, radar remote sensing has been widely used for volcano monitoring in that microwave channel can gather surface's information without less limitation like day and night or weather condition. Radar interferometric technique which utilized phase information of radar signal enables to estimate surface displacement such as volcano, earthquake, ground subsidence or glacial movement, etc. In 2018, long-term research project for collaborative observation for Mt. Baekdu volcano between Korea and China were selected by Korea government. A volcanic specialized research center has been established by the selected project. The purpose of this paper is to introduce about remote sensing techniques for volcano monitoring and to review selected studies with remote sensing techniques to monitor Mt. Baekdu volcano. The acquisition status of the archived observations of six synthetic aperture radar satellites which are in orbit now was investigated for application of radar interferometry to monitor Mt. Baekdu volcano. We will conduct a time-series analysis using collected synthetic aperture radar images.