• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.469-469
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• 2011

점적관개는 과수원이나 시설재배에서 수량 및 품질을 향상시키기 위해 물을 효율적으로 사용하여, 비료 및 농약 등에 의한 비점원 오염을 감소시킬 수 있는 방법으로 자주 고려되어 왔다. 효율적인 점적관개를 위해서는 관개시 토양의 수분 분포에 대한 정보가 필요하며, 이는 점적기의 간격, 관개수량 기준에 중요한 기초자료로 활용된다. 시설재배지에서 토양수분의 관리 및 관개를 위한 점적기 설치 간격, 유량은 현재 관리자의 경험적인 지식에 의존하고 있으며, 재배지 토성의 변화에 적절히 대응 할 수 있는 설계 기준 구축이 전무한 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 점적관개 시 토양수분 분포의 변화 양상을 국내토양 및 시설재배 현황을 반영하여 실험설계를 실시하였으며 토양수분 재분배 및 균일성 평가 방법을 적용하여, 적정 점적관개 시스템의 설계 및 운영에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하였다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.314-327
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• 1997

A 2-dimensional soil water flow model was developed to describe the migration of soil moisture in drip-irrigated root zone employing cylindrical coordinate system. Several natural phenomena were incorporated into the model such as transpiration, various types of evaporation, and ponding due to the increase in irrigation rate. Model was solved numerically by finite difference method. The model was verified in several ways leading to the conclusion that it can describe the soil moisture migration in drip-irrigated root zone fairly well. From sensitivity analysis, vertical migration of soil moisture was found to move faster than the horizontal one, which indicates the vertical location just under the dripping point are adequate for measuring points of soil moisture. The pot shape of soil moisture in irrigated zone was proved to be caused by evaporation at the soil surface. Also, it was found that the hydraulic conductivity has greatly influential to the soil moisture migration, and that the soil moisture continues to migrate vertically after irrigation stops.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.31-38
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• 1993

For efficient irrigation of structured horiculture and upland crops, a new technique of drip irrigation using the turbo-tape for Autumn Chinese cabbage was developed. The turbo-tape worked well, and based on this study The following results were obtained ; 1. The emission uniformity of the turbo-tape was very good with a uniformity coefficient of 92.5%. 2. Starting point of irrigation at 80% of the wilting point was better than at the wilting point itself. 3. The irrigation amounts for the Autumn Chinese cabbage cultured ranged 315 to 470mm depending upon the irrigation methods, turbo-tape irrigation method could conserve irrigation water about 37% compared to the furrow irrigation method. 4. Average yields were 2, 430g when the starting point of irrigation was at the wilting point, while 2, 680g when it was at 80% of the wilting point.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.226-226
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• 2018

고품질 농산물의 수요가 증가함에 농업인의 물관리에 대한 관심 또한 높아져 밭 관개용수에 대한 요구가 늘어나고 있는 실정이다. 밭관개용수 확보는 경제적인 작물로 작목 변환이 가능하고 1모작에서 3모작까지 가능하여 높은 생산성을 확보할 수 있다. 따라서 안정적인 용수 공급을 위해 밭 관개시설의 용수공급을 위한 적정용수 확보 방안 연구가 필요하다. 밭농업의 경우는 과거부터 대부분 지하수를 이용하는 구조로 지금까지 이어져 오고 있다. 밭관개용수 확보 방안을 제시하기 위해 지하수와 지표수의 현황 조사 결과 최근 지하수는 전국적으로 수위가 낮아지고 있으며, 특히 가뭄시 지하수위 저하에 따른 용수공급이 어려울 것으로 예상된다. 지표수는 저수지나 하천에서 취수하여 콘크리트 또는 토공수로를 통해 공급되는 특성상 부유물 유입이 많고 오염원에 쉽게 노출되어 있다. 따라서 양액관개, 점적관개 등 시설농업에 많이 사용되는 첨단농업기술을 접목한 용수장치에 적용하기에는 부적합하므로 이에 따른 대처가 필요하다. 수질오염이 심각한 지역은 간이 정수장 설치?운영을 필요하며 기존의 정수처리방법은 비용이 상당히 많이 소요되기 때문에 경쟁력이 떨어지므로 저비용의 시설용수공급시스템 개발이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 밭지대 용수확보를 위한 방안으로 지표수를 이용한 저류조 공급을 제안하고 아울러 수질문제를 해결하기 위한 저류조에 여과장치를 통한 수질 개선 및 수온 유지를 통한 열선처리를 적용한 다기능 저류조를 개발을 연구하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.372-379
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• 2006

This study was carried out to improve chemical properties of salt-accumulated plastic film house soil. Compressed expansion rice hull was applied at 0, 2.5, 5.0, $7.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$, and drip irrigation was initiated at -33 kilopascals (kPa) of soil water potential and ceased adjusted up to -10 kPa. Another treatment was the application of inflated rice hull at $5.0Mg\;ha^{-1}$ with drip irrigation starting at soil water potential -20 kPa and adjusted to -10 kPa. Lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.) was cultivated at sandy loam soil with $5.1dS\;m^{-1}$ of electrical conductivity (EC). $EC_w$(1:5) of plots treated with $5.0Mg\;ha^{-1}$ of inflated rice hull and irrigated at the point of -20 kPa and -33 kPa of soil water potential was reduced by 26% and 24% less than untreated control plot, respectively. Soil $EC_w$(1:5) has close relationship with $Cl^-$ as well as $NO_3{^-}-N$ and $SO{_4}^{2-}$ in the soil. Total nitrogen in leaf of lettuce was deficient in the earlier growth stage. The yield of lettuce increased by 6% by the application of inflated rice hull of $5.0Mg\;ha^{-1}$ with drip irrigation starting at -33 kPa of soil water potential. It decreased 4% when the drip irrigation was stated at -20 kPa of soil water potential. The amount of water used for irrigation was reduced with the increasing application of inflated rice hull. The watering initiated at the point of -33 kPa was more economical compared with starting at -20 kPa.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.116-123
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• 2000

A numerical model of three-dimensional soil water distribution for drip irrigation management under cropped conditions was developed using Richards equation in Cartesian coordinates. The model accounts for both seasonal and diurnal changes in evaporation and transpiration, and the growth of plant root and the shape of root zone. Solutions were numerically approximated using the Crank-Nicolson implicit finite difference technique on the block-centered grid system and the Gauss-Seidel elimination in tandem. The model was tested under several conditions to allow the flow rates and configurations of drip emitters vary. In general, simulation results agreed well with experimental results and were as follows. The velocity of soil-water flow decreased drastically with distance from the drip source, and the rate of expansion of the wetted zone decreased rapidly during irrigation. The wetting front of wetted zone from a surface drip emitter traveled farther in vertical direction than in horizontal direction. Under this experimental weather condition, water use efficiency of a drip-irrigated apple field was greatest for 4-drip-emitter system buried at 25 cm, resulting from 10% increase in transpiration but 20% reduction in soil evaporation compared to those for surface 1-drip emitter system. Soil moisture retention curve obtained using disk tension infiltrometer showed significant difference from the curve obtained with pressure plate extractor.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.29-38
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• 2012

Drip irrigation is a affordable irrigation under structured cultivation. Drip irrigation system with high uniformity can be achieved through effective design, maintenance and management of irrigation systems. Nevertheless the design guidelines have not been established for the drip irrigation system products in domestic and imported considering cultivation method and greenhouse environment in Korea. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of drip irrigation system with uniformity through an experiment. The experiment was conducted to study with nine different types of emitters produced in domestic and imported. Hazen-Williams coefficients were also estimated for the drip emitter through hydraulic simulation for design use. It was found that approximately 91.5 % for 10 cm emitter spacing and 96.2 % for 30 cm emitter spacing of statistical uniformity were observed in respectively. Average emission uniformity was decreased as the reduction of emitter spacing. The results would be used in the drip irrigation system design and guideline construction.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.33-40
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• 1999

Variations in the discharge rates of drip emittes were examined to find the effects of operation pressure and the tube length and to evaluate performance of the emitters. Several point-source emitters were selected such as pressure compensated, anti-leak pressure compensated, turbulent flow regulated, flow regulated, ready-made dripper, and spaghetti. Combination of operation pressure and tube length were compared. The microirrigatioon system was operated at pressures of 0.5 , 1.0 , 1.5 and 2.0 bar. The discharge from emitters wer collected at every ten meters along the lateral tube and weighted. In order to evaluate the drip emitters performance coeffcient of discharge variation , statistical uniformity, and emission uniformity were calculated. No significant variation in discharge along drip tube resulted with all emitters. There is no trend of variatiiono of discharge rate from pressure compensated emitters with increase in operation pressures. But discharge rate from other types of emitters increased with increase in operation pressures. The nominal discharge of each emitter was secured at pressure of 1.0 bar, Evaluation using statiscal and emission uniformity coefficients indicated that most of the emitters excepts tubulent flow regulated emitter and ready-made dripper performed at excellent level.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 2007

Discharge variations of perforated hose and drip irrigation systems were examined to evaluate irrigation uniformity at different pressures and length of branch line. Evaluation using statistical uniformity indicated that button drippers performed at excellent level but drip tapes and drip hoses were a little lower level. Nominal discharge of drip irrigation systems showed at the high side within the range of regulating pressure provided by the manufacturer. It is desirable that the length of branch line for drip hose, drip tape, and button dripper should be limited to 50 m, 70 m, and 100 m, respectively. Irrigation uniformity of perforated hoses showed very low level. So it is recommended that the length of branch line for perforated hoses should be limited to $30{\sim}35m$.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.492-499
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• 2009

Effect of drip irrigation on soil salinity control and growth of vegetable crops was studied in the three reclaimed lands of Korea in 2007. Drip irrigation was done one or two times per month for reduction of salt stress by using vinyl hose with tiny holes laid on ridge surface under black plastic film mulch during growing season of cabbage and chinese cabbage. It was observed that drip irrigation was generally effective to soil salinity control, but soil salinity variation of some place was not fully solved to lower down under level of free salt stress. It is also considered that high salinity of runoff water spilled out from cultivation ridge plays another key role for soil salinity management. Consequentially, this soil salinity variation might be one of factors brought low average yield and low commercial ratio of agricultural products. Relation between soil salinity and head growth of cabbage and chinese cabbage was well expressed as logarithmic function. Surface soil EC to reach at 50% of growth reduction to the heaviest head can be estimated was $6.1dS^{\circ}{\S}m^{-1}$ for cabbage and $5.7dS\;m^{-1}$ for chinese cabbage transplanted at optimum season.