• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.349-368
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore ways for students to connect conceptual and procedural knowledge in mathematical modeling lessons. Accordingly, we selected the greatest common divisor among the learning contents in which elementary school students have difficulties connecting conceptual and procedural knowledge. A mathematical modeling lesson was designed and implemented to solve problems related to the greatest common divisor while connecting conceptual and procedural knowledge. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the mathematical modeling lesson had positive effects on students solving problems by connecting conceptual and procedural knowledge. In addition, through actual class application, a teaching and learning plan was derived to meaningfully connect conceptual and procedural knowledge in mathematical modeling lessons.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.603-609
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• 2004

Procedural texture has many advantages that its representation is extremely compact and unfixed in resolution. However, it can be difficult for an end-user having no programming skill to build and debug. This paper presents a new interactive design system for procedural texture generation. The user's interactive design process based on multi-layer operations is represented with a graph structure, which consists of the data node, the operation and the output. Since our system generates automatically a shading language, a user who is not acquainted with implicit concepts can make procedural texturing by using an intuitive and flexible interface. Simulation results showed that the proposed method can make a variety of texture patterns efficiently.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.137-149
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• 2021

This study examined the effects of procedural justice on two facets of OCB (OCBI and OCBO) in local public enterprises and the mediating role of intrinsic motivation in these relationships. We verified the hypothesis established by a structural equation model based on PLS. The research data were collected through a survey of 269 employees working for local public enterprises. Research has shown that procedural fairness has a positive effect on intrinsic motivation, organizational citizenship behavior directed at individuals (OCBI), and organizational citizenship behavior directed at the organization (OCBO), while intrinsic motivation has a positive effect on OCBI and OCBO. In addition, intrinsic motivation has been found to have a partial mediating effect in the procedural justice-OCBI relationship and the procedural justice-OCBO relationship respectively. Finally, we present theoretical and practical implications that organizations need to activate intrinsic motivation so that members can induce voluntary organizational civic action through improved procedural fairness.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.10A no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2003

Many abstraction techniques are introduced in programming languages in order to facilitate the development, maintenance and extension of softwares. But several concepts and terms related to abstraction have not been uniformly defined and have been explained differently. Expecially in object-oriented paradigm strongly based on abstraction common consensus was not derived. In this paper, we analyse procedural abstraction, propose the taxonomy of procedural abstraction and show that procedural abstraction contains the concept of abstraction on abstraction in addition to the transformation of procedures into abstraction. We also explain polymorphism in the view of abstraction. These analysis and consideration will make it possible to understand procedural abstraction more intensively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.154-157
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• 2011

본 연구는 2인의 전문의와 함께 의료 문헌의 초록을 분석하여 의료문서에서의 절차적 지식을 모델링하고 텍스트 마이닝 기법을 적용하여 절차적 지식을 추출하는 방법론에 대해 기술한다. 절차적 지식은 목적과 해법의 묶음으로, 해법은 다시 단위 절차 지식의 네트워크로 정의 하였고, 목적과 해법 정보 추출과 단위 절차 지식의 구성요소인 대상/행위/방법 개체를 인식하기 위해, 품사태깅, 구문분석, 술어-논항구조(Predicate-Argument Structure), 온톨로지 용어 매핑 정보 등에 기반한 기계학습 방법을 사용하였다. 실험을 위해 전문의와 함께 위함과 척추질환에 대한 1309 문서에 절차적 지식 태깅을 수행하였고, 이 문서 집합을 기반으로 목적/해법 추출 작업과 단위 절차 지식(대상질병/행위/적용방법) 추출 실험을 수행하여, 각각 82% 와 63%의 F-measure 값을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.517-534
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• 2012

As observing the learning of middle school mathematics students for three years, I examined the relationship between students' procedural knowledge and their conceptual knowledge as they develop those knowledges in the rational number domain. In particular, I explored the implications of an unbalanced development in a student's conceptual knowledge and procedural knowledge by considering two conditions: (a) the case of a student who has relatively strong conceptual knowledge and weak procedural knowledge, and (b) the case of a student who has relatively weak conceptual knowledge and strong procedural knowledge. Results suggest that conceptual knowledge and procedural knowledge are most productive when they develop in a balanced fashion (i.e., closely iterative or simultaneously), which calls into question the assumption that one has primacy over the other.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.693-705
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• 2013

Procedural models have the advantage of being easy to edit simply by changing the values of the parameters of their constructional operations. In previous studies, we have introduced an approach for representing procedural 2D CAD models in ISO 10303 and developed ISO 10303-112 for the exchange of procedural 2D CAD models. In this paper, a method for the development of a procedural 2D CAD data translator supporting ISO 10303-112 is suggested. Furthermore, the core techniques applied to the translator are presented. The feasibility of the proposed method was demonstrated through data exchange experiments using a prototype translator.

• Proceedings of The KACE
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• 2017.08a
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• pp.131-134
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• 2017

이 연구에서 엔트리 명령 블록을 이용하여 보편적 프로그래밍 언어를 개발하고 검증하였다. 그래서 이 연구를 통해 블록형 프로그래밍 언어의 접근 수월성을 이용하여 절차적 사고력 향상을 위한 아이디어를 제공하고자 하였다. 새로운 프로그래밍 언어를 만들어 알고리즘을 적용하여 함수화된 사칙연산 프로그램을 만들면서, 다양한 알고리즘을 적용하면 엔트리에서 제시하는 모든 명령 블록을 만들 수 있음을 증명하였다. 이 연구를 통해 1)프로그래밍 언어에 포함된 다양한 기능의 명령어들도 함수화되어 있음을 증명하고 재생산 가능함을 경험할 수 있는 아이디어를 제공하고, 2)초보 프로그래머들이 프로그래밍 언어 개발에 대한 흥미와 관심을 갖게 되는 방안을 제시하며, 3)알고리즘을 경험하면서 절차적 사고력을 향상시킬 수 있는 다른 방향의 SW 교수 학습 방법과, 4)프로그래밍 언어를 미시적으로 탐구하면서 SW 교육 관점을 다양화하는 방법을 제시하였다. 이 연구에서 제시한 방안으로 학생들이 절차적 사고력 향상과 프로그래밍 언어의 다양성 인식, 프로그램을 심층적으로 분석하는 태도 등의 SW 교육에 대한 긍정적 변화를 기대한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.237-242
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• 2003

원자력발전소(이하, 원전)에서는 운전, 보수, 점검, 검사, 변경 등 모든 활동을 절차서 형태로 정의하고 있으므로, 절차서는 원전운영의 안전성을 유지하기 위한 핵심적인 수단이다. 따라서, 원전에서 절차서는 신기술 및 설계, 설비 변경 결과를 반영하여 주기적으로 검토 보완되고 있다. 절차서의 내용은 안전성 측면에서 철저한 확인을 거쳐 작성된다. 그러나, 절차 및 절차서의 인적요소는 그러한 기술적인 측면을 무력화시킬 수 있으므로 별도로 관리되어야 한다. 절차서의 평가에서는 절차 내용의 기술적인 타당성과 함께 인적요소를 평가하여 안전성에 부정적인 영향이 없는지를 확인하고 있다.(중략)

• School Mathematics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.639-661
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the distance function average speed and the speed function. Particularly, in this study, we investigate the process of constructing the speed function in the distance function (irrational function, exponential function) which is difficult to weaken the argument in the denominator. In this process, students showed various anxieties and expressions about the procedural knowledge that they constructed first. In particular, if student B can not explain all the knowledge he already knows in this process, he showed his reflection on the process of calculating the differential coefficient. This study adds an understanding of the calculation method of students in differential coefficient learning. In addition, it is meaningful that the students who construct procedural knowledge at the time of calculating the differential coefficient have thought about how to provide opportunities to reflect on the procedure they constructed.