• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.131-140
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the ablation rate of Er: YAG laser irradiation on dentin and enamel and to observe the microscopic structures of cavities formed after ablation of enamel and dentin in using a bur and cavities formed after ablation using laser. Er:YAG laser irradiated at 200 mJ, 250mJ, 300mJ at the frequency of 20Hz, 15Hz. The following results were obtained : 1. The ablation rate of dentin groups at power of 3 W-6 W was about $1.103{\sim}2.639mm^3/sec$ and there were no significant differences between power of 4.5 W$\sim$6 W. 2. The ablation rate of enamel groups at power of 3 W-6 W was about $0.413{\sim}0.969mm^3/sec$ and there were no significant differences between power of 4 W$\sim$6 W. 3. With SEM examination of the cavity surface treated with the conventional high speed bur revealed relatively flat appearance almost covered with a debris like smear layer. 4. With SEM examination of the lased surface of dentin groups revealed no smear layer and no debris and openings of dentinal tubules were clearly opened. But the lased surfaces of the groups over 3 W were irregular and particles were loosely attached on it. 5. With SEM examination of the lased surface of enamel groups revealed severely destructed surface at the 6 W group and melting drop materials at the 3 W group. But the lased surface of 4 W group revealed clearly ablated surface. Therefore when cutting teeth using Er:YAG laser, the lasing power which can make effective ablation rate and minimize the thermal effect could be 3W at dentin and 4W at enamel. But, further studies and additional data collection will be necessary for appropriate lasing condition of Er:YAG laser.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1993.04b
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• pp.166-171
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• 1993

절삭공구에의한 절삭가공은 오늘날 가장 보편화된 가공기술중의 하나이다. 그런데, 최근들어 각종 첨단산업의발전과 함께 초정밀 부품제작이 필수선결 조건으로 부상하고 있으며, 이에대한 해결방안중의 하나로 초정밀가공 기 술로 크게 대두되고 있다. 최근 컴퓨터 기술의 발달에 따라 구조해석분야의 해석방법론의 개발 및 보완에 힘입어 Klemecki(1973)에 의해유한요소법을 이용한 Chip생성기구 해석에 관한 연구가수행되었으며, Stevenson(1983) 등에의해단열조 건하에서 변형률과 온도 상태에서의 Chip형상, 잔류응결-변형율에 대한 연구가 이루어졌다. 본 연구에서는 유한요소법을 이용하여 미소절삭기구를 모델링하고, 절삭인자규명을 중심으로 응력-변형률 해석을 실시함으로써, 미소절삭시의 Chip 생성기구 및 전단면 생성 원리, 공구와 Chip간의 마찰기구의 고찰을 통해기본 Mechanism 이해와 적절한 절삭유한요소모델 제시의 기초자료로 삼고자 한다. 특히 본 보고서에서는 미소 절삭기구의 적정한 Constitutive Deformation Law 마찰계수 등 주요절삭인자변경에 따른 미소절삭기구 해석에 주안점을 두어 연구한 결과를 기술하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1993.04b
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• pp.61-65
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• 1993

절삭작업에 있어서 생산기술자가 제품을 경제적으로 생산하기 위해서는 기계의 사양이나 요구되는 제품의 정밀도 등 을 고려하여 목적에 맞는 절삭조건을 선택하여야 한다. 특히 임금이 과거에비해 크게 오르고 기계의 가격이 자동화로 인하여 고가가 됨에 따라서 기계의 효율적 운용이 점점 더 중요하게 되었다. 따라서 목적에 맞는 절삭조건의 선정은 기업의 경쟁력 향상에 있어서 중요한 문제로 부상되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 정면밀링작업시, 인서트 초기위치오차( Runout)를 고려한 표면조도와 절삭력 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 이용하여 구한 허용동력을 제한조건으로 고려하여 보다 실제에 가까운 상황에서 최소비용과 최대 생산율을 얻도록 프로그램을 개발하였다.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 2017

This study aimed to identify milling characteristics depending on the number of a cutting roller's air vent and blowing velocity to remove rice bran by the cutting type milling machine which can minimize the conventional milling process. The level of whiteness was found to be $38{\pm}0.5$ in all the conditions, showing consistent whiteness levels during milling. The rice temperatures turned out to be 15.4 and $14.6^{\circ}C$ which were rather low-level under the conditions of the cutting roller with 3 vents and blowing velocities of 35 and 40 m/s respectively. Cracked rice ratio was 2.13% under the conditions of the cutting roller with 3 vents and a blowing velocity of 35 m/s. Broken rice ratio showed the range of 0.762-0.869%, reflecting a low level. Turbidity after milling was decreased, as blowing velocity became faster. Energy consumption for milled rice production was decreased, as blowing velocity became faster. The optimum milling condition for cutting type milling machine depending on air vent number of cutting roller and blowing velocity was found to be 3 vents and 35 m/s.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.139-150
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• 1981

미니컴퓨터와 디짓틸 상관법을 이용하녀 이상적인 아나로그 씨스템의 주파수 응답을 구하고 그 결과를 이론치와 비교하여 디짓탈 데이타 처리방법의 타당성을 검증하였다. 또한 이 방법을 실제로 복잡한 절삭중의 공작기계의 주파수응답 ㅕㄹ정에 적용하여 이때 야기되는 문제점을 검토하고 그 해결방안을 제시하였다. 또한 제 절삭 조건하에서 얻어진 주파수응답 함수로부터 공작기계의 아버 및 시편의 길이, 절삭 속도, 절삭깊이, 피이드율에 따른 공작기계 구조동력학의 변화를 규명하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.2216-2225
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• 1992

In recent years, machining turns to flexible manufacturing. Industry in machining requires to increase machining productivity and to reduce costs. To adapt this trend it is necessary to optimize machining condition. Even though many researches in this are introduced various way to set the optimal condition, still there are not enough. Therefore this research was done to select the optimal cutting condition for industry, and to develope the computer program to select the optimal cutting condition automatically. Also, this program was applied to many companies, and compare costs per minute. The results of this research will contribute to increase machining productivity of various companies with the automatic selection of optimal cutting condition.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.28-40
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to provide long-term data about the correlation between multifactorial local factors and the survival of implants. Material and methods: During 19 years (1991 to 2009), 2796 implants were placed in 879 patients. From dental charts and radiographs, the following data were collected: patient's age at implant placement, gender, implant system, surface, length, diameter, location of implant placement, bone quality, primary stability, type of prosthesis. The correlations between these data and implant survival were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Chi-square test, odds ratio. Results: 1. Among the 2796 implants, 150 implants failed that resulted in a cumulative survival rate of 94.64%. The cumulative survival rate of smooth surface implants (91.76%) was lower than rough surface implants (96.02%). 2. Anatomic location, implant surface, diameter of smooth surface implant, primary stability, type of prosthesis, patient's age and gender were significantly associated with implant survival (P < .05). 3. No significant difference in implant survival was found in relation to the following factors: implant length, bone quality, diameter of rough surface implants and type of rough surface according to implant manufacturer (P < .05). Conclusions: Local factors such as anatomic location, implant surface, diameter of smooth surface implant, primary stability and type of prosthesis have a significant effect on implant survival.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.917-923
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• 2003

The present investigation was conducted to determine the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency by Pseudomonas aeruginosa EMS1. The COD removal efficiency in the medium containing 1% metal working fluid (MWF) was 12% after cultivation of 4 days. The composition of optimum medium for the COD removal efficiency of 1% MWF by P. aeruginosa EMS1 were NH$_4$Cl 0.3%,$ K_2HPO_4\; 0.05%,\; KH_2PO_4\; 0.04%,\; MgSO_4.7H_2O\; 0.05%,\; CaCl_2.2H_2O 0.03%$ and $FeSO_4.7H_2O$ 0.04% at initial pH 7.0 and $30^{\circ}C$. Under this condition, the highest the COD removal efficiency was observed after 4 days.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.129-134
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• 2013

Titanium used in industry has been widely applied for aerospace important parts and automobile important parts, etc. because the titanium is higher in strength compared to the steel and light in weight compared to the steel. This study is to investigate the effect of cutting tool cooling method and cutting time on the spindle speed and feed rate of vertical machining center as a parameter to find the rough cutting time in the medium speed cutting machining of the titanium alloy. It is found that the cutting machining heat are increased as the feed rate, cutting time and spindle speed are raised.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.533-551
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• 2015

The rock fracturing during waterjet cutting is very complicated because rock is inhomogeneous and anisotropic, compared with artificial materials (e.g., metal or glass). Thus, it is very important to verify the effects of rock properties on waterjet rock cutting performance. Properties affecting the rock cutting efficiency have been variously described in the literature, depending on the experimental conditions (e.g., water pressure, abrasive feed rate, or standoff distance) and rock-types studied. In this study, a rock-property-related literature review was performed to determine the key properties important for waterjet rock cutting. Porosity, uniaxial compressive strength, and hardness of the rock were determined to be the key properties affecting waterjet rock cutting. The results of this analysis can provide the basic knowledge to determine the cutting efficiency of waterjet rock cutting technology for rock excavation-related construction.