• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.7-16
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• 1999

This research was carried out to compare structure, equilibrium moisture content(EMC), adsorption and acoustical properties between 4 retention levels of saligenin(o-hydroxybenzyl alcohol) treated, heat-treated and untreated chestnut(Castanea crenata S. et Z.) and paulownia(Paulownia spp.) woods. The cell structures of untreated wood and heat-treated wood were not different but the cell wall of saligenin treated wood was thicker than that of untreated wood for both species. EMC of untreated wood was the highest, next was that of heat-treated wood, and that of saligenin treated wood was the lowest, and among saligenin treated woods, EMC was decreased as retention level increased for both species. Adsorption curves were parabolically increased. Acoustical properties of saligenin treated wood were most improved, and the next were those of heat-treated wood. Comprehensive acoustical property was improved at retention level 20% and 30% for chestnut wood, and at retention level 80% for paulownia wood.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.317-322
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• 2007

This paper is the first step to study on the acoustic characteristics of the Haegeum, a Korean traditional bowed-string instrument. We measured acoustic transfer functions of a Haegeum body using impulse response method. All the measurements are performed in anechoic chamber, INMC, SNU. We examined resonant characteristics of the Haegeum body with obtained transfer functions. Then we performed additional studies which are the Chladni pattern experiments and calculations of air cavity resonances to verify relations between the resonant peaks on the transfer functions and the resonances of each component, such as top plate, air cavity and so on. As a result, we can explain the acoustic characteristics of a Haegeum body and its components.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.205-211
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• 2020

The public knows the singer Shin Haechul as a musician who performs various musical activities as a producer, singer, and songwriter. However, he was also an all-encompassing entertainer who has been involved in different fields of popular media. His musical tendency is very progressive, and he pursues various attempts to create experimental fusion style music. Among his albums, 'MonoCrom' is the result of a combination of unique techno music and traditional music, and this album is known to bring the level of Korean popular music one step further in terms of musical value and meaning towards a new, unique sound. In this album, gukak holds great importance. In addition to the traditional samulnori instruments such as kkwaenggwari, janggu and jing, instruments like daegeum, taepyeongso, pumba and taryeong were used to show more progressive and expanded crossover music through the collaboration with gukak. In order for the current 'K-Pop' to continue to gain worldwide popularity, it needs a new attempt based on musical expandability. Therefore, if gukak is used as in the album MonoCrom, unique and differentiated music will be created, and will continually promote the worldwide interest in 'K-Pop'.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.29-44
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• 2006

Trust and understanding relationship promoted between a therapist and a client is the basic building block to successful recovery. Its importance is not only pertaining to the music therapy but also to counseling and psychological therapy. Because of its gnificance, broad spectrum of research has been conducted for quite a long time. Historically, researches have been focused on therapists or client's chological variables rather than emotional effects on each other that occur during the therapy session. Recently researchers turned their attention to emotional relationship between a therapist and a client. With recent advances in the field of music and psychological therapy, subsequent study has been conducted to investigate the role that music plays in the therapeutic relationship. For this research, eleven music therapy sessions were conducted for the adult females who are alcoholics. The first three sessions were of group therapy. Fourth to eleventh therapy session was done individually. Throughout the research case-by-case study has been conducted on the basis of the analysis of video and audio taped materials. Analysis depends heavily on its reference from the Amir's music research of 1990, which used Ferrara's seven phases of phenomenological study. Especially, verbal and nonverbal communications were closely analyzed in musical perspective. Research revealed that music and musical instruments act as a mediator between a therapist and a client. By doing so, it protects a therapist from unnecessary negative emotional displacements of a client and creates mutual reliability between a therapist and a client. Here, research suggests that music and musical instrument play a central role in building relationship between a therapist and a client, and it indicates that it has positive effect on treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.185-190
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• 2009

Recent performing-art has a trend to be new cultural contents style which mixes various genre not just traditional way. Especially in stage performance, unique performance is playing using high technology and image. In sound performance, one of technology, a new experiment is trying which re-analyze the sound and mixes the result with image. But in public performance we have a technical difficulty with making visualization regarding the sound in realtime. Because we can not make visualization with instant sound from performers and audience it is difficult to interact smoothly between performer and audience. To resolve this kind of restriction, this paper suggests Real-time sound visualization. And we use string music instrument for sound source. Using the MaxMSP/Jitter based the Midi, we build image control system then we test and control the image with Korg Nano Kontrol. With above experiment we can verify verious emotion, feeling and rhythm of performer according to performance environment and also we can verify the real time interactive image which can be changed momently by performer's action.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.243-250
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• 2010

This paper proposes a spectral modeling of Korean traditional instrument, Haegeum, using cepstral analysis to naturally describe Haegeum sounds varying with time. To get a precise result of cepstral analysis, we set the frame size to 3 periods of input signal and more cepstral coefficients are used to extract formants. The performance is enhanced by flexibly controlling the cutoff frequency of bandpass filter depending on the resonances in the synthesis process of sinusoidal components and the deleting peaks remained in the residual signal. To detect the change of pitch, we divide the input frames into silence, attack, and sustain region and determine which region the current frame is involved in. Then, the proposed method readjusts the frame size according to the fundamental frequency in the case of the current frame is in attack region and corrects the extraction errors of the fundamental frequency for the frames in sustain region. With these processes, the synthesized sounds are much more similar to the originals. The evaluation result through the listening test by a Haegeum player says that the synthesized sounds are almost similar to originals (96~100 % similar to the original sounds).

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.526-533
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• 2009

This paper proposes a formant synthesis method of Haegeum sounds using cepstral envelope for spectral modeling. Spectral modeling synthesis (SMS) is a technique that models time-varying spectra as a combination of sinusoids (the "deterministic" part), and a time-varying filtered noise component (the "stochastic" part). SMS is appropriate for synthesizing sounds of string and wind instruments whose harmonics are evenly distributed over whole frequency band. Formants extracted from cepstral envelope are parameterized for synthesis of sinusoids. A resonator by Impulse Invariant Transform (IIT) is applied to synthesize sinusoids and the results are bandpass filtered to adjust magnitude. The noise is calculated by first generating the sinusoids with formant synthesis, subtracting them from the original sound, and then removing some harmonics remained. Linear interpolation is used to model noise. The synthesized sounds are made by summing sinusoids, which are shown to be similar to the original Haegeum sounds.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.170-181
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• 2011

This Research will explore the meaning indicated in the landscape meaning and feature of literary group culture, focusing in Gurujeong(九老亭: pavilion for nine elders) and Samgaeseokmun(三溪石門: stone gate in three valleys) located in Dundeok-myun, Imshil-gun, and will seek to understand the implications by studying the cultural landscape spread out in the area. The place where Gurojeong and Samgaeseokmun is located is the meeting point of the three valleys, Dunnam stream, Osu stream, and Yul stream, which is the main location to view the beautiful scenery, which has the nickname as the dwelling place of a celestial being. Especially, based on the description of old maps, "Samgae(three valleys)" and "Samgaeseokmun" possesses significance as a landmark and shows a characteristic feature of landscape structures of low hills. Dangugurohwe(丹丘九老會: nine elders gathering on the dwelling of a celestial being) originated from Hyangsangurohwe(香山九老會: gathering of nine elders on a fragrant mountain), where Baekgeoi(白居易) of China was one of the main people. This group was organized by nine elders over the age of 60 desiring to view the scenery of Doyeonmyeong. The group enhanced the literary spirit on the low hill, erecting a tower, and enjoying the beautiful scenery changing every season with scholars from the same region. This phenomenon seems to have been formed upon the positive response to gatherings of elders, which were prevalent in the Joseon Dynasty. If the internal idea pursued by the group was "longevity," the external idea pursued can be summarized as "the spirit the respect for the elders." Naming the groups as 'Dangudae(place where the celestial being lives), Guseondong(valley of seeking a celestial life), Bangjangsan(mountain of a high priest), and Daecheondae(place of communicating with God) was likely a device to introspect oneself and symbolize one's life process. Furthermore, the reason Samgaeseokmun, which is an imitation of Choi, Chiwon's work, was built near Soyocheo, was probably to yearn the celestial land and based on the desire to follow Choi, Chiwon, who was the most self-fulfilling being presumed to have become a celestial being by practicing the pursuit of freedom, escaping from the reality. After tracing the symbolizing meaning of the four letters carved in the left side of the stone wall of Dangudae, the conclusion that this place was not only a place for literary gatherings of the nine elders of Saseong(four families), but was a place where the celestial being dwelled could be inferred. Corresponding with Dangudae and Gurojeong, which are places where the order of human and nature is harmonized and where its meaning associated with the location intensifies, arouses strong bond, can be said to be the symbol of the traces of celestial beings where the spirits of attachment to a certain place is embedded. The acts performed in Dangugurohwe were those of traditional leisure including strolling, viewing the scenery, drinking, composing poems, and playing instruments, and sometimes listening to stories, tea ceremony, prayers, and fishing were added, which indicates that the gathering had a strong tendency towards pastoral and hermit life.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 2015

This is the Study of the Bass performance of the Jimmy Blanton who is first pioneer of Jazz Style Bass playing. Since the contrabass is using in jazz Performances Before jimmy Blanton, playing technique was mainly played repeatedly with simply two or four Beat with Root or 5th degree of Chord Tone. In Other words, there was only root based Note along with Harmony which doesn't have Bass Solos or Melodic phrase Appeared in Bass playing. Jimmy Blanton Was the First Bass Player who changes This Traditional Concept of Jazz bass playing after New Orleans Jazz era. He was introduced variety of accompaniment Style with Various rhythmic phrase and Bass Soloing like a horn Player. We could know that His Style Continues to Such as Ray Brown, Paul chambers who has a big Name after Jimmy Blanton. I analyzed accompaniment Style and solo techniques Of Jimmy Blanton with the Song "Cotton tail and MR.JB Blues" Which He Performed with Duke Ellington. I learned a lot while I'm analyzing his Performing Style from Jimmy Blanton, such as Target Note playing, using Chord Tones and Arpeggios, Melodic Solo Style, Jazz Style Bowing Technique, Question and Answer Phrasing etc. I could notice That He Was the true Pioneer of the First Bass player In the Early Jazz days.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.583-589
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• 2017

The 1900s in New Orleans, the harbor city, was indeed an era of confusion because there were various ethnic groups and races. Songs that had been sung by slaves taken from Africa, Black spiritual music, blues, British folk songs, French folk music, ballet music, Spanish dance music, and the march of military bands were mixed with Rag Time to achieve diversity. This developed the beginning of jazz. While swing jazz was most popular and loved by the public during the 20th century, the bebop preferred the small scale organization of musical instruments and developed as a form of jazz featuring the impromptu musical performances. Later, cool jazz, a new style involving the fast and complicated code progress, emerged with free jazz, which features the fundamental rupture from the tradition of the jazz. Miles Davis, who introduced the rock beat in jazz, started fusion jazz. Although jazz has been named differently depending on the era, the main attraction of jazz lies on improvisation. In other words, despite a small changes in code progress and rhythm, the most important thing the player considers is improvisation. Some famous players who lived in the same era followed the whole atmosphere but each had their own style. So, even when they did play the same song, they revealed their style in solo parts despite the same head.