• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.325-325
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 선형 대향 타겟 스퍼터(Linear Facing Target Sputtering: LFTS) 시스템을 이용하여 성막한 Ti-doped In2O3 (TIO) 투명 전극의 전기적, 광학적 특성을 연구하였다. LFTS 시스템을 이용하여 유리기판 위에 TIO 박막을 증착시킬 때, 타겟과 기판 사이의 거리(Target-to-Substrate Distance)를 30 mm, 타겟과 타겟 사이의 거리(Target-to-Target Distance)를 65 mm, Ar/$O_2$ 가스의 비율 100：1로 각각 고정한 후, TIO 타겟에 인가되는 DC 파워와 공정압력을 변수로 TIO 박막을 하였다. LFTS 공정을 이용한 TIO 투명전극의 성막 공정 중 DC파워와 공정압력 변화에 따른 구조적, 표면적 특성 변화는 field-effect scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) 과 x-ray diffractometry (XRD) 분석을 통해 관찰되었다. 이렇게 증착된 200 nm 두께의 TIO 투명전극은 급속열처리 시스템으로 700도에서 후 열처리를 진행하였으며 상온에서 217.5 ohm/sq의 면저항을 나타내는 TIO박막이 열처리후 35 ohm/sq로 면저항이 급격히 감소됨을 확인하였다. 뿐만 아니라 열처리후 가시광선 영역 (400~800 nm)에서의 TIO 박막의 평균 투과율이 81.02%에서 83.4%로 향상됨을 UV/visible spectrometry 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 분석을 통해 TIO 박막의 특성과 ITO와 구별되는 다양한 장점을 소개한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07c
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• pp.2266-2268
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 스캐닝 미러의 일종으로, 광저장 장치의 픽업헤드용으로 미세회전을 하면서 레이저 빔을 편향시키는 용도로 사용되는 미러를 제작하고 구동실험을 하였다. 제작된 미러의 크기는 $2400{\times}2400{\times}64{\mu}m^3$이고, 빔 스프링은 $500{\times}9.6{\times}64{\mu}m^3$이다. 니켈 전해 도금으로 29${\mu}m$ 높이의 구동 전극을 제작하였고(세가지 모델: 공기통로가 없는 전극, 공기통로와 간격이 각각 200${\mu}m$인 전극, 공기통로와 간격이 각각 100${\mu}m$인 전극), 미러판과 전극을 조립하여(미러판과 전극 사이의 간격은 각각 29${\mu}m$, 26${\mu}m$, 26${\mu}m$) 구동실험을 하였다. 공진 주파수의 계산간은 576Hz, 측정값은 3개의 미러에서 모두 568Hz이었다. 전극과 미러판의 간격이 최대 접근거리 18${\mu}m$가 되도록 미세 회전을 시켰을 때, 공기통로가 없는 전극에서는 공진 주파수가 524Hz, 공기통로가 200${\mu}m$인 전극에서는 544Hz로 각각 감쇠되었고, 공기통로가 100${\mu}m$인 전극에서는 그대로 568Hz이었다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.564-569
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• 2021

In this paper, for the typical LED and the tilted LED, when there is no electrode, when 20% absorption (80% reflection) occurs at the electrode, and when 60% absorption (40% reflection) occurs at the electrode, the effect of the absorption at the electrode and the height of the active region on the photon extraction efficiency and the mean photon path length was investigated, and an appropriate height of the active region was proposed. In a typical LED, as the absorption of the electrode increases, the photon extraction efficiency decreases from 18% to 15% and 13%, and the photon extraction efficiency is highest when the height of the active area is located in the center between the two electrodes. In the tilted LED, as the absorption of the electrode increases, the photon extraction efficiency decreases from 38% to 33% and 25%, and the photon extraction efficiency is highest when the height of the active area is located in the center between the two electrodes. The tilted LED can increase the photon extraction efficiency more than twice than that of a typical LED, where photons are trapped inside the chip due to total reflection.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.213-217
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• 2009

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been known as a new alternative energy conversion technology for treating wastewater and producing electricity simultaneously. A MFC converts the chemical energy of the organic compounds to electrical energy through microbial catalysis at the anode under anaerobic conditions. To examine the performance of MFC, in this work, the characteristics of the efficiency of wastewater treatment and generation of electricity was evaluated for sewage. When acetate as a carbon source was added into the sewage, the removal efficiency of COD was increased from 75.7% to 88.2% and the voltage was increased significantly from 0.22 V to 0.4 V. The influence of distance between anode and cathode was examined and the effect of the surface area of anode was investigated under the various external resistances. It was found that the maximum power density was $610mW/m^2$ and power generation was effective when the distance between the electrodes was shorter and the surface area of the anode was smaller.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.69-77
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• 2000

In this paper, the effects of the positions of the potential and current probes on the measurements of the ground resistance and potential gradients with the fall-of-potential method are described and the testing techniques to minimize the measuring errors are proposed. The fall-of-potential method is theoretically based on the potential and current measuring principle and the measuring error is primarily caused by the position and ground resistance of the measuring probes. The ground resistance is calculated by applying the 61.8% and rule in the fall-of-potential method, and then the potential probe is located on the straight line between the grounding electrode to be measured and the current probe. However, sometimes the grounding electrode to be measured and the measuring probes in on-site test might not be arranged on the straight line with adequate distance because there are building, road block, construction and other establishments. Provided that the grounding electrode to be measured and the measuring probes ar out of position on the straight line or have inadequate distance, the measurement of the ground resistance classically falls into an error and the measured ground resistance should be corrected. Measurements were focused on the grounding electrode system made by the ground rods of 2.4m long. It was found that the suitable separation between the grounding electrode to be measured and the current probe is more than 5 times of the length of the grounding electrode to be measured.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.247-247
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• 2011

차단기의 주 임무는 사고전류를 차단하는 것이다. 진공 인터럽터는 진공차단기의 차단부로서 진공차단기의 핵심부이다. 사고전류 발생시 전극이 분리되면서 아크가 발생한다. VI의 아크소호 방식에는 크게 축자계 방식과 횡자계 방식이 있는데 본 논문은 횡자계 방식에 관한 것이다. 교류전류에서는 전류가 일시적으로 공급되지 않는 전류영전에서 아크소호가 가능하다. 전류영점에서 아크가 소호된 직후 극간저항은 거의 0에서부터 무한대까지 급격하게 변화하는데 이때 이 저항의 증가에 비례하여 과도회복전압이 발생한다. 하지만 잔류플라즈마의 소멸에는 일정시간이 소요되며 아크가 소호된 이후에도 종종 극간에 금속증기가 존재하게 된다. 잔류플라즈마는 전기전도도를 가지므로 극간에 과도회복전압이 걸리면 전류영점 직후에 아크를 통해 흘러 결국 아크의 재점호를 야기시키는 post arc current를 발생시킬 수 있다. 따라서 전류영점의 충분한 시간 이전에 아크를 확산아크로 전환시켜 극간에 존재하는 잔류 플라즈마 량을 최소화시켜야 한다. VI 내부의 아크거동에 미치는 인자에는 접점재료와 VI 용기내부의 진공도 이외에도 전극의 직경, 쉴드, 전극의 개극속도, 최종 극간거리 등이 있다. 본 연구에서는 나선형 VI 접점을 대상으로 두 접점 사이의 비틀림 각도에 따른 아크제어성능을 비교분석하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.67-76
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• 2005

This paper proposes a compact-sized surface myoelectric sensor for the myoelectric hand prosthesis. To fit the surface myoelectric sensor in the socket for the myoelectric hand prosthesis, the sensor should be a compact size. The surface myoelectric sensor is. composed of a skin interface and a single processing circuit that are mounted on a single package. The skin interface has one reference and two input electrodes, and the reference electrode is located in the center of two input electrodes. In this paper we propose two types of sensors with the circle- and bar-shaped reference electrode, but all input electrodes are the bar-shaped. The metal material of the electrodes is the stainless steel (SUS440) that endures sweat and wet conditions. Considering the conduction velocity and the median frequency of the myoelectric signal, we select the inter-electrode distance (IED) between two input electrodes as 18mm, 20mm, and 22 mm. The signal processing circuit consists of a differential amplifier with a band pass filter, a band rejection filter for rejecting 60Hz power-line noise, amplifiers, and a mean absolute value circuit. We evaluate the proposed sensor from the output characteristics according to the IED and the shape of the reference electrode. From the experimental results we show the surface myoelectric sensor with the 18mm IED and the bar-shaped reference electrode is suitable for the myoelectric hand prosthesis.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.344-348
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose the electrode of the Patterned Vertical Aligned (PVA) cell [1] for high transmittance. We use the 'TechWiz LCD' for calculation of the director configuration and optical characteristics to ensure the results of the proposed electrode structure. In general, the transmittance of the PVA cell depends on the shape of the electrode and cell gap. In this work the width of gate line and data line of the improved electrode design is set to be equal to that of the PVA conventional. Instead, we modified the shape of the top and bottom electrode on order to decrease the area of the defect. For verification, we compared the calculated optical transmittance of the PVA cell with the proposed electrode structure to the conventional PVA cell . As a result, we can confirm that the optical loss due to the variation of the retardation the LC cell around electrode can be definitely decreased by the proposed electrode.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.16 no.3 s.49
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• pp.255-263
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• 2006

In an electrical tomographic survey using an inclined borehole with a pole-dipole array, we must consider several factors: a singular point associated with zero potential difference, a spatial discrepancy between electrode and nodal point in a model due to a inclined borehole, and a variation of geometric factors in connection with a irregular topography. Singular points which are represented by the normal distance from current source to the ground surface can be represented by serveral regions due to a irregular topography of ground surface. The method of element division can be applied to the region in which the borehole is curved, inclined or the distance between the electrodes is shorter than that of nodal points, because the coordinate of each electrode cannot be assigned directly to the nodal point if several electrodes are in an element. Test on a three-dimensional (3-D) synthetic model produces good images of conductive target and shoves stable convergence.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.07c
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• pp.2143-2145
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• 2004

본 논문은 미세공정을 이용하여 다중전극을 배열하여 전압 인가에 의해 선택적으로 약물 방출이 가능한 구역화된 약물 저장용 구조물의 설계 및 제작에 관한 것이다. 두께 525${\mu}m$ 언 (100) Si wafer를 이용하여 TMAH 용액의 조성 및 온도에 따라 Si 식각 기초실험을 하고 그 결과를 이용하여 최적 식각조건을 설정하였다. 구조물 opening 크기를 다양하게 설계하여 미량의 약물을 선택적으로 방출할 수 있게 하고자 역 피라미드 형태의 약물 저장용 구조물을 제작하였다. 전압 인가에 의한 약물 방출시 Au 전극의 특성을 고찰하고자 저장 구조물 위에 anode의 면적과 anode 전극간 거리를 변화시켜서 설계 및 제작하였고, polyimide를 전극 사이의 절연막으로 이용하였다. 제작된 구조품의 전극 특성은 5V의 설정전압을 인가하였을 경우 2500s 동안 0.25mA로 안정적으로 유지되었으나 10V, 15V, 20V일 경우 전극의 산화현상으로 Au 전극이 부식이 되어 전류가 안정적으로 흐르지 않는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 약물전달시스템에서 안정적인 전류 공급을 위해서는 Au 전극이 산화 되지 않는 전압 인가 조건 및 시간은 설정해야 함을 알 수 있었다.