• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.424-431
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• 2005

'Hongro' and 'Gamhong' apples grown at the Gochang-si in the southern part of Korea were harvested on September in 2002 for storage study. Each cultivar was divided into two groups of maturity based on the harvested date. Immature fruits were harvested 10 days early compared to fruits having proper maturity. This study was conducted to evaluate quality the change of 'Hongro' and 'Gamhong' apples newly bred by different storage methods with PE film package and CA conditions. A typical climacteric respiration pattern was observed in new variety 'Hongro' and 'Gamhong' apples stored at room temperature. The results indicated that fresh quality of the stored fruits in CA condition was better than that in other treatments during storage. Qualities of apples were least changed at CA storage of 3% $CO_2$ and 1% $O_2$. CA storage was effective in maintaining the freshness of 'Hongro' and 'Gamhong' for 16 weeks.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.149-181
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• 2003

It has been asserted that per diem payment system should be introduced, in place of the current fee-for-service system, for payment of the inpatient services of the geriatric hospitals, Based on the assentation, this study aims at calculating costs and profits per inpatient-day of the geriatric hospitals, and thereby at contributing to the managerial improvement from the both sides of the Government and the hospitals. Relevant data of the three months, May to August, 2002 were collected from the five geriatric hospitals, and per inpatient-day costs and profits were calculated for the three disease groups. Major results and conclusions are as follow : Firstly, total costs per insured inpatient-day of the geriatric hospitals are 65, 389 won for dementia (including optimal profit of 3,858 won), 69,730 won for stroke (including optimal profit of 4,117 won), and 70,085 won for other diseases (including optimal profit of 4,134 won). Secondly, the amount of the non-insured costs per inpatient-day occupies 34.5% of the total costs for dementia, 30.3% for stroke, and 30.1% for other diseases. Thirdly, the total amount of the per inpatient-day costs calculated including the optimal profits is, on the average, higher by 12% than the present price level calculated for the current fee-far-service system. This implies that the present price level should rise by 12% when the current fee-far-service payment system be maintained, and Finally, introduction of a sliding-scale payment system should be considered for the inpatient medical management fees for the length of stay over six months or more that are being cut in the claim examination process by the insurance corporation.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2011

Soybean curd was mixed with mushroom powder to develop new healthful foods, and changes in quality characteristics were investigated. The yields of the soybean curds containing 3~12% powder of Pleurotus ostreatus(PPo), 3, 6% of powder of Pleurotus cornucopiae(PPc), Pleurotus salmoneostramineus(PPs), Agrocybe aegerita(PAa) were higher than those of the control. The hardness level was highest in the 3% of dried mushroom power, The addition of mushroom powder to curd evidenced a significantly lower L value(lightness) than was detected in the control. In particular, PPs added soybean curd observed the highest a value(redness). In terms of overall acceptability, the preferred soybean curd samples were the 6% PPo, 3% of PPc, PPs and, PAa.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preference trend of frequently served meals in the elementary school lunch program. Therefore, this evaluation was surveyed on frequently served meals in the elementary school lunch program in Inchon. Also, this study was surveyed on food preference using questionnaire including frequently served food items. Statistical analysis of data was completed using SAS program. The results of this survey was as follows: 1. Freqrenctly served foods were 56 food items including 5 boiled rice, 3 one course dishes, 10 soup & pot stewes, 10 fresh & boiled salads, 8 stirred fries, 7 stewes, 6 grill & fries, 3 kimchies and 4 desserts. 2. Students liked barley bab more than the other kinds of cooked rice. One course dishes were preferred most by the subjects. Among soup & pot stewes, fermented soybean paste stew showed lower preference than the other kind of stewes. Among fresh & boiled salads, fruits salad was the most favore, whereas, root of bellflower salad was the most hated. Among side-dishes by different preparation method, stir fries, stewes, grill & fries, kimchies, dessert were prefered most by the subjects. There were significant difference between male and female students for most given foods except soup & pot stewes. Female students showed higher preference for most given foods except fresh & boiled salads, kimchies, dessert than male students.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.132-144
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is setting proper portion by consumed size of food and food preference and then reducing plate wasts in school lunch. The survey was conducted from Oct. 21 to Nov. 22, 1996 through the practical measurement and questionnaires. The subjects were 43 students of 1 elementary school. The results of this survey was as follows : 1. Average consumption size of cooked rice was 115g. Average consumption size of one course dishes was 209g. The soup & pot stewes showed lower consumption rate than the other kind of foods. Average consumption size of fresh & boiled salad was 23.4g Average consumption size of stir fries was 55g. Average consumption size of steams & stewes was 42g. Most grill & fried foods showed high consumption rate compared to most of the other foods. Average consumption size of kimchies was 10.6g. The most of given desserts except apple were all consumed. 2. There was significant correlation between food preference and consumption rate for total food items. 3. Response of satisfaction about serving size of most of given foods except fresh & boiled salads, soup & pot stewes and kimchies were "moderate". 4. Visual estimation was greater than physical estimation for most of given foods. Proper portion of foods per person by results were setted as follows :

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.1 s.97
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

In order to secure the traffic safety especially in the entrance waterway of harbour, it is important that the breakwater and the port facilities should be designed properly considering ship-handling difficulty and traffic flow. In this study, the lateral force acting on ship hull under the external force(wind, current, wave) is investigated quantitatively for the container ship approaching to the Busan and Gamcheon breakwater. The relation of ship-handling difficulty to the breakwater and the arrangement of ship's routine are examined based on the lateral force under the external force. Some of reviews to secure traffic safety on the design of breakwater are discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.193-194
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• 2019

Due to structural problems in the transportation market, such as fraudulent competition and multi-level transportation transactions, tariff are not properly refIected to the final trucker even if freight tariff are increased due to diesel price hikes and transportation cost increases. By Launched "standard tariff system" in 2017 based on the trucks, government would tried to guarantee the minimum tariff such that prevents overloading, speeding, and strain for trucker. However, It is necessary to analyze in advance the issue of the system and its impact on container freight. Thus, this study analyzes the issues and countermeasures related to the tariff system that is formed when the "Truck Safety Rates" is introduced, and also analyzes the influence factors of the expenditure cost on the container freight which is applied to the "Truck Safety Rates".

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.274-277
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• 2006

The EAC(Estimate at Completion) among existing methods, which estimate cost and time effectively, help managers anticipate changeable several results at the point of $15{\sim}30%$ in the project progress. However, this method may cause such some problems as not to consider the periodically changing circumstances caused by construction risks or uncertainties which can affect the cost and time in the project, and to regard collected and accumulated data only as a single value when predicting the results on the progress. Accordingly, it is very difficult to accept the even small range of variability based on the anticipation of EAC. Consequently, the study focuses on the possibility methodology to anticipate time and cost accurately on the way to utilize EVMS(Earned Value Management System), and also suggest the way to perform the right estimation of EAC as considering various risks and uncertainties in construction projects.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.181-198
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• 2012

Gyeonggi-Do launched the 'Achievement Royalty System(ARS)' in 2011 to promote the refund of excess profits from those firms to local system. The purpose of this study aims to analyze the effect of new royalty system in the public R&D program. From the analysis, commercially successful firms appear to have maintained the same level of innovation incentives even after introduction of ARS. It can be explained that they have given a priority in taking part in the next R&D projects as well as a benefit of systematic supports in technology commercialization and marketing. It is, therefore, fully expected that the policy makers can make ARS an additional funding source in the period of decreasing S&T budget, and have a better chance to gather evidences of successful policy practices to the firms. However, the institutional improvements are required to develop the ARS, which include the incentives of ARS payment and the lower total royalty expectation through the reduction of fix-payment ratio and the exemption of ARS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.64-75
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• 2013

This study suggests basic data on optimum thermal insulation for spring wear through an investigation of subjective thermal sensation, self-health image and actual wearing conditions. A survey of university students using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted to collect data on subjective thermal sensation, self-health image, wearing conditions, demographics and physical characteristics. The variable of wearing conditions was measured as the response to the clothing they were wearing. Garment items (26 types for males and 41 types for females) were suggested and the items worn by the students were converted into the thermal insulation values for clothing. The main results are as follows. As for the body type perception, males perceived themselves as not fat while females perceived themselves as not thin. As for the health perception, males perceived themselves healthier than females. As for the climate adaptability perception, females were more sensitive to cold than males. The average thermal insulation of clothing was 0.97clo (0.34-1.95clo) with higher insulation for males than females. Students were more sensitive to the cold when their BMI was lower, their body surface area per body weight was larger, and the more they perceived themselves as not healthy. There was a significant correlation between the self-health image of sensitiveness to cold and the thermal insulation of clothing. The results were synthetically discussed in terms of environmental physiology.