• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.653-663
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ambivalent sexism and focusing manner on self-concept for middle-aged women, and to verify the factors that can help middle-aged women's positive self-concept. The self-concept scale, the focusing manner scale, and the ambivalent sexism scale were used for this study through the online community targeting middle-aged women aged 35 to 55. As a result of the analysis using SPSS 21.0, it was investigated that there was a significant positive correlation between hostile sexism and benevolent sexism. In addition, It was found out that ambivalent sexism had a significant negative effect on self-concept. It was found out that the high hostile sexism of ambialent sexism led to lowering the self esteem, emotional stability, problem solving stability, interpersonal relationship and interpersonal trust of middle-aged women. Focusing manner had a significant positive effect on self concept, but there were differences for each sub-factor. Express, accept, and keeping one's composure had a significant positive effect, while awareness had a negative effect, and reflecting attitude did not have a significant effect. Finally, limitations of this study were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to analyze male oriented military culture and gender discrimination. It examined whether the experience of military service would affect the attitude of Korean college students, gender role identity, and sexism by classifying 317 college students into three groups; males who have completed military service, males who haven't completed military service, and a female group. Research results are as follows: First, in general military experience did not enhance awareness of gender identity nor affect attitudes toward gender discrimination, but significantly enhanced masculinity in some males who completed military service was a major factor in strengthening masculinity and benevolent sexism. Second, males who completed military service and women had a more positive view of the military than males who had yet to serve in the military. Third, regardless of military experience and gender, military experience was perceived to enhance benevolent sexism towards women. Fourth, all three groups showed a strikingly positive correlation in hostile sexism and benevolent sexism. However, they did not show a significant difference in the correlation of groups. Tough these results indicate that deep-rooted gender discrimination in Korean society is enhanced by military experience, it also confirms the significance and impact of the reality of the military ideology.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.503-515
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• 2020

This study was conducted to find out the psychosocial-demographic factors affecting the ambivalent sexism and attitudes toward homosexuality of school health teachers. The data were collected from December 1^st to 31^st, 2019 by administering a structured online questionnaire for 138 school health teachers in S city. The data were analyzed via SPSS/WIN (25.0) to run Kruskal-Wallis 𝑥² test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's rank correlation, and Stepwise multiple regression. The results showed that the influential factors on the hostile sexism include authoritarian personality, age, extrinsic religious orientation, and education. Compared to this, the benevolent sexism had the influential factors of authoritarian personality, age, and education. The influential factors to the attitudes toward homosexuality found to include authoritarian personality, whether or not have a religion, and intrinsic/extrinsic religious orientation. School health teachers affect the educational experiences of students of their gender stereotyping and prejudice in the school environments. Therefore, it is needed to establish and provide training programs for school health teachers so that they can have reflections on their gender perspectives themselves, which may lead to true educational changes based on gender equality.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.45
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• pp.425-462
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• 2009

The present study delves into how rape reports are framed in popular Korean newspapers over time. Specifically, the primary purpose of this study was to examine how rape myths and ambivalent sexism and were presented in three Korean newspapers. In order to assess longitudinal trends of rape reports, the sample for the content analysis was drawn from 1990 to 2007. Four newspapers, Chosun-Ilbo, Dongah-Ilbo, Jungang-Ilbo and Hankyoreh, which have been the most popular in terms of circulation and ad revenues, were selected for this longitudinal content analysis. Using random stratified sampling and screening process, A total of 2160 articles were content analyzed for the main study. The results revealed that rape reports appearing in Korean newspapers were overwhelmingly dominated by episodic frame rather than thematic frame. Particularly, It was found that Korean rape reports generally have attributed the cause of rape crimes to the victims. Implications for results were discussed in terms of rape myth and ambivalent sexism theories.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.671-681
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• 2019

Police officers in charge of investigating sexual assault cases are likely to have suspicions in the process of investigation to find out the truth about the case, which leads to secondary victimization to the victims, and these concerns are often unveiled as social problems. This study suggested the research question that what the causes of secondary victimization derived from the police officers in charge of sexual assault investigation are. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the restoration of the trust of the police by preventing or minimizing the secondary victimization of sexual assault cases in the investigation process. Among the personal characteristics of police officers, rape myth, tolerance n violence and hostile gender discrimination influenced suspicion and prejudice, and rape myth and hostile gender discrimination affected the lack of sensitivity. Among the workplace-related characteristics, the duration of employment and experience in sexual assault cases affects the lack of sensitivity. In addition to the revision of the law and the improvement of the system of sexual assault, the prejudice against the sexual assault inherent in the attitudes and behaviors of the police officers in charge of the sexual assault cases should be improved.