• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1729-1733
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• 2007

Brassinolide insensitive associated receptor kinase 1(BAK1) is a critical component that play an important roles in signaling of brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Brassinosteroid-deficient and -insensitive mutants showed the characteristic of dwarf symptom. The nutrient deficient tomato showing stunt phenomenon was selected from soiless cultivation system using modified Sonneveld hydroponic solution. Twenty eight protein spots showing different expression levels compared to the control were isolated from extracts of stunted tomato leaves by 2D PAGE analyses. Significantly down-regulated 6 protein spots out of 28 protein spots were analyzed and sequenced by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The protein spot having pI=4.5 and MW=24 kDa was identified as a signal protein, BAK1, which is directly related to brassinosteroid biosynthesis. In addition, five other protein spots were identified as BCK1, cystein proteinase, sulfutase, peroxidase and zinc finger factor respectively, and they were also signal proteins related to brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Furthermore, amplification of 500bp of BAK1 mRNA by RT-PCR using a primer set of peptide matched regions was inhibited conpared to that of the wild type. The results sugested that the BAK1 might be regulated at the transcription level in response to nutrition applications.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.598-606
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• 2013

Anther is the major organ of flower in responsible to reproduction and outward appearance. From anther-specific cDNA library of Lilium Oriental Hybrid 'Acapulco', 2000 expressed sequence tags were selected randomly. Differential slot blot analysis with cDNA probes from the anther and leaf was used to get anther-expressed clone and 570 non-redundant ESTs were obtained and sequenced. Compared to the GenBank database using BLASTX algorithm, 191 clones showed significant similarity but others (66.5%) did not measured to known sequence. Functional categories according to gene ontology (GO) annotation included sequence representing a significant portion of protein in cell and cell part respectively. A transcriptional analysis at 7 different organs and developmental stage was performed using northern blot with thirty ESTs as putative anther specific gene. This report suggest that selection of anther expressed clone using differential slot blot was considered as very effective tool and our current study can provide fundamental information on the lily anther including pollen furthermore.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2008

Hyperspectral imaging is used in a wide variety of research since the image is obtained with a wider wavelength range and more bands than multispectral imaging. However, there are limitations, namely that each band has a shorter wavelength range, the computation cost is increased in the case of numerous bands, and a high correlation between each band and noise bands exists. The previous analysis method does not produce ideal results due to these limitations. Therefore, in the case of using the hyperspectral image, image analysis after eliminating noise bands is more accurate and efficient. In this study, noise band elimination of the hyperspectral image preprocessing is highlighted, and we use fractal dimension for noise band elimination. The Triangular Prism Method is used, being the typical fractal dimension method of the curved surface. The fractal dimension of each band is calculated. We then apply the Continuum Removal method to normalize. A total of 35 bands are estimated by noise band with a threshold value that is obtained empirically. The hyperion hyperstpectral image collected on the EO-1 satellite is used in this study. The result delineates that noise bands of the hyperion image are able to be eliminated with the fractal dimension and Continuum Removal method.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.543-551
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• 2006

Recently efforts to extract information about forests by using remote sensing techniques for efficient forest management have progressed actively. In terms of extraction of tree information using single remote sensing data, however, the accuracy of tree recognition and the quantity of extracted information is limited. The objective of this study is to carry out tree modeling in domestic environment applying the latest core technique for tree modeling using color aerial photographs and LiDAR data and to estimate the result of tree modeling. A small-scale coniferous forest was investigated in Daejeon. It was 0.77 that the $R^2$ of accuracy test of tree numbers that estimated with color aerial photography and LiDAR data. In terms of tree height, there was no difference between the estimated value and the field measurements in the case of the group accuracy test of the recently unchanged area. Moreover $R^2$ was 0.83 in the case of the individual accuracy test.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.46-49
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• 1979

These experiments were made in order to compare the productivity of various varieties of F$_1$silkworm eggs imported from foreign sericultural countries with the productivity of some F$_1$silkworm eggs varieties produced by Turkey. The results are summarized as follows: 1. In the durations of whole instar, it lasted 30∼38 days under natural rearing conditions but Jam 107${\times}$Jam 105 about 30 days. 2. Cocoon yield per case of silkworm eggs was shown significantly among the varieties. Thaiei ${\times}$ Choan was the highest yield of cocoon, followed by Isonzo, Piave, M-198, M${\times}$N, S${\times}$P, J${\times}$C and Jam 107${\times}$Jam 108 in that order. 3. In the percentage of cocoon shell, M-197 was the highest and other varieties were almost on the same level of cocoon shell, but Jam 107${\times}$ Jam 108 was the lowest percentage. 4. In the weight of a cocoon, Choan${\times}$Thaiei was the heaviest, followed by S${\times}$P, C${\times}$J, M${\times}$N, M-197, Piave, Livenzo and Jam 107${\times}$Jam 108 in that order. 5. In the raw silk percentage of fresh cocoon, Choan${\times}$Thaiei, 3 Italian varieties and Turkish M${\times}$N. C${\times}$J belonged to the first group of better raw silk percentage, followed Polish M-197 and Jam 107${\times}$1am 108 in that order.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.1209-1218
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to assure the possiblility of Achyranthes japonica Nakai for a cosmetic material. For this we examined the Anti-oxidation, Anti-inflammation, Anti-wrinkle effects of Achyranthes japonica Nakai extract. Each material is extracted from Achyranthes japonica Nakai roots(AJNR) and Achyranthes japonica Nakai stalks(AJNS) using 70% ethanol. We carried out Nitric oxide assay of the extract with cultured RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, And we conducted MMP-1 assay, Type I procollagen synthesis assay of the extract with cultured CCD-986sk fibroblast cells. After we measured ABTS+ assay and SOD assay of AJNR and AJNS, we knew that effect of anti-oxidant increased as their concentration get higher. The result of this study was that the antioxidant activity of AJNR and AJNS was similarly excellent and the anti-inflammatory activity of AJNR was significantly higher than AJNS. The MMP-1 inhibitory activity and Type I procollagen synthesis of AJNR and AJNS was generally excellent, AJNS had slightly better than AJNR. Therefore I thought it has the chance to play an imfortant role as a functional cosmetic material for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation and wrinkle reduction effects.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.657-668
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• 2021

We prepared the growth and survival models of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and Campylobacter jejuni in milk as a function of temperature and assessed the microbiological risks associated with the consumption of whole milk. EHEC and C. jejuni were not detected in whole milk (n=195) in the retail market. The minimum growth temperature of EHEC in milk was 7℃. The lag time of EHEC in whole milk was longer than that in skim milk. The survival ability of C. jejuni in milk was better at 4℃ than at 10℃. Lower delta values were observed in whole milk than in skim milk, indicating that C. jejuni survived better in skim milk. The probability of foodborne illness from whole milk consumption was 5.70×10^-5 for EHEC and 9.86×10^-9 for C. jejuni. Sensitivity analysis results show that the market temperature of EHEC and the dose-response model of C. jejuni are correlated with the probability of foodborne illness.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.180-189
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• 2017

Genetically modified (GM) crops have been developed worldwide through the recombinant DNA technology and commercialized by global agricultural companies. Until now, GM crops have not been cultivated commercially in Korea. Commercialization of GM crops requires a compulsory assessment of environmental risk associated with the release of GM crops. This study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of pollen mediated gene flow from Bt transgenic rice (Agb0101) to japonica non-GM rice (Nakdongbyeo), indica non-GM rice (IR36), and weedy rice (R55). A total of 729,917, 596,318 and 230,635 seeds were collected from Nakdongbyeo, IR36, and R55, respectively, which were planted around Agb0101. Selection of the hybrids was determined by repeated spraying of herbicide and Cry1Ac1 immunostrip assay. Finally, the hybrids were confirmed by PCR analysis using specific primer. The hybrids were found in all non-GM rice and out-crossing ranged from 0.0005% at IR36 to 0.0027% at Nakdongbyeo. All of hybrids were located within 1.2 m distance from the Agb0101 rice plot. The meteorological elements including rainfall and temperature during rice flowering time were found to be important factors to determine rice out-crossing rate. Consideration should be taken for many factors like the meteorological elements of field and physiological condition of crop to set up the safety management guideline to prevention of GM crops gene flow.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.659-674
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to verify the path of the motivation, the flow, and problem gambling and intervention points. To this end, we verified the mediation effect of the motivation of the users outside sales offices influences the problem gambling through a flow and the moderated mediation effect of the frequency of the use of a bicycle racing tracks in that process. A total of 411 cases were analyzed using surveys conducted for one day on a weekday and weekend (September 13th and 15th 2018) for adults using an outside sales office in Jangan. According to the analysis, the causality of gambling by gambling motivation(amusement, excitement, avoidance, society, money) showed its effect positively by mediating the flow. The adjusted effect of the frequency of the use on the intermediary effect of the motivation ${\rightarrow}$ flow ${\rightarrow}$ problem gambling behavior, which is the main concern of this study, was found to be statistically significant. More specifically, the effect of adjusting the frequency of the use was statistically significant in both paths: motivation/flow and flow/problem gambling. It was also shown that, in the model with excitement, avoidance and social motivation, the adjustment of the frequency was only significant in the causal relationship between the flow and problem gambling. Based on these findings, this study made clinical and policy suggestions for intervention for gamblers and user protection regulations.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.223-233
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• 2021

This study is was conducted for 37 first-year students (including 27 males and 10 females) enrolled in the engineering product design class opened as a regular class in the second semester of 2018 at 'A' University in Seoul to examine creative problem solving experiences in class using design_thinking. In this study, creative problem-solving ability was divided into creative personality and problem-solving ability and in the results of examining the difference in pre- and post-creative problem solving abilities through Hotelling's T-square test and t-test, among the creative personality, the tolerance & passion, humor, curiosity, and progressive attitude were found to significantly increase after class. Next, in the results of examining the process of creative problem solving through the reflection journal, in the empathy and prototyping and testing stages of design thinking, more activities for problem solving appeared, and at the stage of problem definition and idea generation, it can be seen that more activities expressing creative personality appear. The results of this study show that creative problem-solving abilities can be improved through design thinking, suggesting that instructional support for effective design thinking should be designed.