• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.13 no.1 s.53
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• pp.205-213
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• 2009

This study was planned to develop monitoring system of cable force to resolve cable force of cable-stayed bridge efficiently in a long-term plan. In the proposed monitoring system, firstly data are sampled from real-time acceleration record, secondly these sampled data are frequency analyzed by using the FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) algorism and lastly the analyzed results are averaged and generalized. For evaluating the applicability of this monitoring system, field loading test has performed in real cable-stayed bridge. In comparison with cable force by field manual calculation and cable force of monitoring system by semi-automatic calculation, the difference of calculated cable forces has within 1% error range and it is acceptable range. Additionally within negligible 5% error range of difference has occur between field manual calculation and monitoring system by automatic calculation. so monitoring system in this study has been verified to be reliable.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.90.2-90.2
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• 2010

흙막이 굴착 및 절취사면의 보강공법으로 많이 적용되고 있는 앵커의 장력을 측정하는 전기저항식 로드셀과 스트레인게이지, 바이브레이팅 와이어 (vibrating wire) 타입의 모니터링 방법은 안전관리를 위한 장기적인 모니터링에 한계를 가지고 있어 이를 개선할 수 있는 방안으로 광섬유 센서를 이용하여 강연선의 변형률을 측정할 수 있는 스마트 텐던이 개발되었다(김재민 등, 2007). 앵커를 구성하는 7연 강연선(텐던)의 중앙케이블에 삽입된 광섬유브래그격자(Fiber Bragg Grating ; FBG)센서는 기존 스트레인게이지 타입에 비해 크기가 작고 내구성이 우수하며 전자기파에 의한 노이즈 발생이 없고 하나의 리드선으로 다중점 측정(multiplexing)이 가능하여 장기모니터링에 효과적인 장점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 FBG센서를 내장한 스마트 텐던을 실대형(Prototype) 앵커(L=11.5m)에 적용하여 현장 인발실험에 의해 시공중 장력 모니터링을 수행하고 로드셀 측정결과와 비교하였고 정착부에 설치된 FBG 센서로부터 앵커의 하중전이 계측을 수행하였다.

• Proceeding of KASS Symposium
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.189-194
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• 2008

The main object of this paper is that it's possible to monitoring the deformation of cable in the tensegrity structure. always monitoring system of Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG)Sensor is described. The measurement of parts on the cable is very important. We make an experiment with measuring deformation of cable in the tensegrity structure to the pressure conditions. In the result of experiment, the fiber sensors showed good response to the pressure conditions. Therefore, We could calculate the deformation of cable structure and be possible health monitoring of the tensegrity structure.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.129-138
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• 2005

This paper presents a methodology for the determination of optimal managing criteria for cable tension force in cable-stayed bridges using acceleration data acquired by monitoring system. There are many long span bridges installed with monitoring system in Korea. The monitoring systems are installed to diagnose abnormal behavior or damages in bridges and to warn these to bridge management agency. In cable-stayed bridges, the cable tension force could be an important indicator of abnormal behavior because of the geometric configuration of the cable-stayed bridge. If the management value of cable tension force is set too high or too low, then the monitoring system could not warn properly for the abnormal behavior of a bridge. Generally, the management value is set by empirical or engineering judgment, but in this paper, a new methodology for the determination of managing criteria for cable tension force is proposed based on the probability distribution model for tension force and reliability analysis. The proposed methodology is applied to a real concrete cable-stayed bridge in order to investigate its applicability.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.66-73
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• 2024

Stay-cable is one of the most important load carrying members in cable-stayed bridges. Monitoring structural integrity of stay-cables is crucial for evaluating the structural condition of the cable-stayed bridge. For stay-cables, tension and damping ratio are estimated based on modal properties as a measure of structural integrity. Since the monitoring system continuously measures the vibration for the long-term period, data acquisition systems should be stable and power-efficiency as the hardware system. In addition, massive signals from the data acquisition systems are continuously generated, so that automated analysis system should be indispensable. In order to fulfill these purpose simultaneously, this study presents an autonomous cable monitoring system based on domain-knowledge using IoT for continuous cable monitoring systems of cable-stayed bridges. An IoT system was developed to provide effective and power-efficient data acquisition and on-board processing capability for Edge-computing. Automated peak-picking algorithm using domain knowledge was embedded to the IoT system in order to analyze massive data from continuous monitoring automatically and reliably. To evaluate its operational performance in real fields, the developed autonomous monitoring system has been installed on a cable-stayed bridge in Korea. The operational performance are confirmed and validated by comparing with the existing system in terms of data transmission rates, accuracy and efficiency of tension estimation.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.6 s.52
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• pp.9-18
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• 2006

This paper presents schematically the monitoring system installed in Yongjong Bridge, a self-anchored suspension bridge located in the expressway linking Seoul and Incheon International Airport. Automatic measurement of instrumented civil engineering structures is now widely applied for behavior monitoring during construction in field as well as long-term monitoring for lifetime assessment of bridge structures. A representative example of results that can be acquired through structural health monitoring system is presented by means of data measured during a few years after the opening of the bridge. In order to effectively measure the tension force for hangers that have relatively short length or high tension force, a static tension measurement device has been explored. Newly equipped railway system on the existing bridge results in change of dead load, consequently dynamic characteristics have also been changed. This result can be detected by the monitoring system during and after railway construction.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.287-294
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• 2008

This study proposes a novel method for in service evaluation of tension force of a prestressed 7-wire strand which is frequently employed for retrofitting bridge superstructure. The smart strand is made by replacing the straight king wire of the strand with an instrumented steel tube in which the FBG sensor is embedded. Since the strain of the smart strand can easily be measured using the sensor, it is possible to monitor tension force of the strand during the service. For the sake of demonstrating effectiveness of the proposed strand, we came up with a 7.0m long prototype with 2 FBG sensors, and it is applied as an external tendon to a 6.4m long and 0.6 high RC T-shaped beam. A loading-unloading test has been carried out, and estimated tension forces using the smart strand are compared with measured forces by load cell. The comparison showed that the proposed smart tendon is useful and accurate for monitering tension force of the prestressed tendon.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.112-119
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• 2007

Under normal operating condition, the conductor of overhead transmission line could be always hold it's clearance within the safety margin that is specified in the line design guide of power company. Hence it may be very important to measure/or monitor the dip of the conductor, when building a new line, re-tensioning for an aged conductor, or monitoring dynamic line rating to maximize power capability. In this paper, we suggest a new method to estimate the dip and tension by catenary angle of the conductor. Since most conductors in overhead transmission lines show typical catenary curves, it can be uniquely determined the catenary curve for the conductor from the catenary angle at tower. Based on the catenary curve, the dip or horizontal tension can be easily estimated. Through some simulation and simple experimental results, it is verified that the suggested method can be effectively applied to measure/or monitor conductor dips and tensions in the overhead transmission lines.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.92-92
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• 2011

최근 건설기술의 발전과 함께 강재 케이블을 이용하는 시설물의 시공이 점점 증가하는 추세이다. 특히 현수교, 사장교와 같은 초장대 교량에 사용되는 케이블은 주거더 및 상판에 의한 하중의 대부분을 지지하는 핵심부재이다. 하지만 이러한 케이블 부재는 부식, 파단 등으로 인한 단면손실이 발생할 수 있고, 이로 인한 손상부의 응력집중으로 인해 시설물 전체의 붕괴로 이어질 수 있는 위험성을 가진다. 따라서 조기에 단면손실을 찾아 사고를 미연에 방지할 수 있는 강재 케이블 비파괴 검사 기술기반의 건전성 모니터링이 필수적이다. 이러한 효율적인 건전성 모니터링을 위해 스마트 센서를 활용한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있는데, 그중 대표적인 스마트 센서중 하나인 마그네틱 센서는 높은 신뢰도와 어디에나 적용 가능한 재현성 때문에 구조물 건전성 평가에 적용하기 유용한 기술로 그 적용범위가 선박, 항공등으로 점점 넓어지고 있는 추세이다. 마그네틱 센서는 그 적용대상에 따라 다양한 마그네틱 특성을 활용할 수 있는데, 최근에는 투자율 계측을 통해 케이블의 장력 측정이 가능한 Elasto-Magnetic 센서(E/M 센서)가 개발되었고 그 활용성에 대한 연구가 이뤄지고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 E/M 센서를 이용한 강재 케이블 모니터링 기술을 제안하고자 한다. E/M 센서는 본래 케이블의 장력측정을 위해 개발되었지만 본 연구에서는 강재 케이블 부재의 단면손실 검색을 위해 적용하였다. 제안된 기술의 실험적 검증을 위해 E/M 센서를 이용하여 4가지의 다른 직경을 가지는 강봉시편을 E/M 센서헤드의 1차 코일을 통해 자화시키고, 각각의 직경에서 출력전압을 2차 코일을 이용하여 계측하였다. 그 결과 강봉의 직경이 감소함에 따라 출력 전압이 감소함을 보였다. 반복실험을 통해 해상도 및 선형성이 확보되는 최적의 입력전압과 출력전압의 워킹포인트를 선정하였고, 선정된 조건에서 강봉시편을 일정 간격으로 스캔한 결과 단면감소에 따른 선형적인 출력전압 감소와 동시에 단면 변화 지점에서는 추세선에서 크게 벗어난 출력전압 계측값을 나타내었다. 본 실험을 통해 제안된 E/M 센서를 이용한 강재 케이블 모니터링 기술의 유용성 및 적용가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2010