• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.295-303
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• 2014

This exploratory study deals with the digital policy proposal through emotional perception of real name SNS and WOM effect. Research was based on the audience trends analysis of the movies having official SNS sites and the movies not having official SNS sites among the opened 90 movies in Korea from 2012 to 2013. Therefore, researchers confirmed that the representative real SNS, facebook was utilized as emotional marketing tools and tried to analyze the effectiveness of SNS critically. The research results are the follows. First, the movies to actively utilize facebook showed statistically significant differences in terms of daily, weekly audience and seat share (occupancy ratio). It is indirectly confirmed that real name SNS such as facebook is much effective in WOM marketing. Second, in the daily trends and weekly trends, the movies showed a similar pattern and above all, the movies to actively take advantage of facebook maintained their audience trends. Thus the government and the corporation have to understand the emotional WOM effect of real name SNS for policy effectiveness. Therefore this study gives the contribution practically for boost up the policy effectiveness through emotional ripple WOM effect of the strength of weak tie of real name SNS.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.101-111
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• 2017

This Research is to Find how the CSR Activities for the Growth of Stable and Sustainable Family Business do Influence the Improvement of Company's Brand Image and Service Purchase Intention. It is Aimed for Finding how the Image of Company Pursuing the Diverse CSR Activities is Recognized by General Consumers and the Correlation between the Improvement of Company's Image and the Product & Service Purchase Intention. 323 Exemplars were Distributed to the University Students in Seoul Metropolitan and Chungcheong Area, and 314 Finally were Used for the Analysis. It was Investigated the Demographical Factors, the Important Fields among Company's CSR Activities, the Reason for Company's CSR Activities, the Preferred Companies among Sponsoring Companies. It was Analyzed Three Items of Company Image such as Product/Service, Potential Competence, Relation to Public Benefit and the Regression Model was Investigated how these Three Items do Influence the Purchase Intention. The Research Results Show 'the Improvement of Social Awareness for Company' and 'Negative Awareness Change for Company' as the Reason for CSR. Consumers have the Preference to the Companies Actively Sponsoring Culture & Arts, and this Generally Affects the Business Results, and thus, it is Considered that the Companies have to Contribute the Local Society with the Sprit of Corporate Citizenship in Accordance with the Consumers needs, and Actively to Extend the Culture & Arts Sponsorship.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.231-248
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• 2014

The role of the foreign direct investment is very crucial for the regional economic growth nowadays. The inward FDI in Korea has been increased since the Act of foreigner investment promotion in 1998. The municipal and national government have designated the special industrial zones and supported the diverse incentives for the foreign investment companies. The service sector had a large share of inward FDI. However, manufacturing sector overtook the service sector as the largest FDI in 2009. This study focuses on the greenfield manufacturing FDI, which was established from 1999 to 2012 in Korea. In order to find out the impacts of low-priced industrial electricity and loose environmental regulations on choosing Korea, this paper did in-depth interviews with MOTIE, Korea industrial complex, Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency, some FDI companies. Investment incentives such as low price of domestic industrial electricity strongly affect why manufacturing FDI companies choose Korea to invest. The Korean government has also acknowledges that low-price policy can internationally compete to attract FDI. There is a possibility that FDI energy-guzzling industrial companies may choose for Korea to use the low-priced electricity, raising the issue of supply-demand of electricity of Korea in the future.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.117-126
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• 2001

A new functional meaning has been given as natural resource to bamboo through reanalysis. Bamboo products contributed to creating added-value of pro-environment. In this study, a potential efficiency and vision of bamboo products and crafts are presented. As bamboo plywood and bamboo decorating paper were developed followed by academic and technological support, an activation of markets has been pursued and bamboo pattern tiles for new furniture was developed. This study examined kinds and characteristics of bamboo and processing of raw material and how to express with the material. Through advanced technology, it identified traditional functions and technological mistakes and analysed domestic and overseas applications to enhance utility of plywood made of bamboo. Bamboo pattern tiles were developed for decorating of furniture doors based on bamboo pattern paper. For patterns, 'tortoise, cranes, and deer'meaning eternity and new millenium among Ten Korean Longevity Animals are simply and lively represented. Series of the sun and mountain use effects of bamboo pieces to present bright images and to maximize quality of bamboo. A pattern of '卍'incorporates mystery of the cosmos and meaning of temples together with traditional patched wrapping cloth, Arirang and Chilgyopannori for beautiful ornamentation. Bamboo decorating tiles are made through accumulation of technologies by a cooperation with industries of bamboo equipment and production of furniture in Damyang Bamboo Products Complex. Processing of raw materials is peformed with equipment of Damyang. Development of samples and production and delivery of bamboo goods are handled in Design Venture of Chosun University Chamber. Developed goods decorating doors of furniture are in sale by an order from furniture industries.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.395-401
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• 2016

Nano-saftey has become an emerging issue recently, because of the broad use of nanomaterials in nano-industries and commercial areas. For a sustainable development in the nano-industry, active studies on nano-safety should be executed, especially on the potential risks in engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Although acute and chronic assessments of nanomaterials have been extensively studied in many studies, multigenerational studies are very scarce. Overall, multigenerational studies have progressed as two different trends, studying post-generational effects or trans-generation effects. This study intended to suggest further nano-safety studies based on the trends and limitations of current ones. Through a comparative analysis, we investigated peer-reviewed multigenerational studies that used nanomaterials. Thirteen studies on post-generation effects confirmed generational nano-toxicity via several bioassays, such as mortality, fertility, and behavioral assays. Seven studies on trans-generation effects demonstrated nanomaterial pathways to next generations, using imaging techniques. Until now, mechanisms for post-generational nano-toxicity has been rarely proposed. Thus, we propose that complementary studies on such mechanisms are imperative for future studies.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.604-609
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to check the priority control status of the current operation process alarm by comparing the priority of the alarm set up in PV high trip point, which is being installed and operated in the domestic petrochemical industry, with the criteria presented in ISA 18.2 International Standard or EEMUA 191 Guidelines. In the event of a process problem, excessively set high alarm is provided to the driver in a short period of time, making it difficult to identify the alarm that needs to be handled first. As a result, it is likely that the operator will not be able to carry out appropriate actions within the specified time frame, and many cases have been reported leading to unexpected process shutdowns or process accidents. Therefore, this study aims to introduce international standards related to alarm management and identify the level of alarm control used at the domestic petrochemical industry site to inform potential risks that may occur in the petrochemical process of the national industrial complex in the future and suggest ways to reduce risk factors. This paper was submitted to Professor Lee Inbeom's retirement anniversary issue.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.71-97
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• 2009

In this study, I compare the ability of alternative accounting method for employee stock option to reflect firm value using the Ohlson's(1995) valuation model for 200 firms. The each methods, I compare are employee stock option expense recognition based on the K-GAAP disclosures, and asset recognition at the grant date based on the SFAS No. 123 Exposure Draft: Accounting for stock-based compensation. The model include: (1) a model that uses reported earnings, equity book value, and compensation expense based on the K-GAAP disclosures; (2) a model that uses pro-forma earnings, equity book value and adds a measure of the unrecognized asset arising form granting of employee stock options. Finding form estimating equations that the K-GAAP method for calculating compensation has no explanatory power, and the SFAS No.123 Draft Exposure method for arising asset and fair value compensation better captures than market's perception of the economic impact of stock options on firm values. However, the correlation of employee stock option compensation expense is positive. These results suggest that incentive benefits derived from employee stock option plans outweigh the cost associated with plan. In addition, I couldn't find evidence that company in KOSDAQ that have high growth potential benefit more from employee stock option plan compared to lager, more mature firm in SEC.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.37-58
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• 2016

Despite the growing importance of corporate venture capital (CVC) in the venture capital market, little scholarly attention has been devoted to cross-border CVC investment. Venture firms perceive higher risks of technology leakage in cross-border CVC investment than they do in domestic CVC investment due to geographical and cultural disparity. Given that venture firms would not receive CVC investment in the presence of the partner uncertainty, we argue that the likelihood of cross-border CVC investment increases with the strength of intellectual property protection (IPP) regime, the investment timing (i.e. funding round number), and the industry unrelatedness with the corporate investor. Additionally, we investigate how the venture firm's complementary resource need interact with the partner uncertainty in decisions for cross-border CVC investment. By examining 2,873 CVC investment transactions in the period 1994-2009, we found supporting evidence for the strength of IPP regime and the industry unrelatedness in mitigating the partner uncertainty of foreign corporate investors. However, the effectiveness of these factors is moderated by the type of resources that the venture firms need from the foreign corporate investors.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.84-92
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• 2001

In today's world, rise in the establishment of social infrastructure resulting from population saturation in large cities has led to more extensive and frequent use of chemical materials on facilities. A result, unexpected and serious accidents, hazards, contingencies and disasters are more prevalent than ever. Such phenomenon calls for more devoted and concerted efforts towards finding ways to reduce the safety hazards that are seen to take place more often than before with the increase in the number of facilities that are prone to bring disaster and hazard coupled with the conventional safety problems that continue to exist even today. In developed countries, such challenge is addressed by various appropriate countermeasures drawn up by local professional committees on industrial facilities, whose members conduct offsite and onsite evaluation un the potential industrial disasters and its seriousness and provide their advice thereof. Against this backdrop, this study aims at identifying a comprehensive safety allowance level (safety acceptable level) when imposing limitation on the development of conventional or new facilities, for the fur pose of establishing a safety allowance level of disastrous and dangerous facilities in Korea. This is done by assessing and applying the level of danger each individual is exposed to in a randomly selected region (disastrous and dangerous areas in Seoul) based on probability of quantitative hazards, as well as simulation and calculation methods which include: i) social disaster evaluation method applying Quantified Risk Assessment of Health & Safety Executive of UK and Matrix of Risk of Evaluated Sources of Hazard; ii) Fault Tree or Event Tree Analysis and etc.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1477-1486
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• 2016

Lactulose (4-O-${\beta}$-D-galactopyranosyl-D-fructose) is a non-digestible synthetic ketose disaccharide which can used in food and pharmaceutical fields due to its useful functions for encephalopathy, chronic constipation, hyperammonemia, etc. Therefore, the lactulose is regarded as one of the most important disaccharides and have been concentrated much interesting as an attractive functional material in the current industry. From this reason, the research related on the production of lactulose has been carried out various academic and industrial research groups. To produce lactulose, two main methods, chemical production and enzymatic production have been used. Commercially lactulose produced by alkaline isomerization of lactose as chemical production method but it has many disadvantages such as rapid lactulose degradation, purification, and waste management. From these reasons, lactulose produced by enzymatic method which solves these problems has been suggested as a proper method for lactulose production. Two different enzymatic methods have been reported as methods for lactulose production. Lactulose can be obtained through hydrolysis and transfer reaction catalyzed by a ${\beta}$-galactosidase which requires fructose as co-substrate and exhibits a low conversion. Alternatively, lactulose can be produced by direct isomerization of lactose to lactulose catalyzed by cellobiose 2-epimerase which requires lactose as a single substrate and achieves a high lactulose yield. This review summarizes the current state of lactulose production by chemical and biological methods.