• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.19 no.2 s.72
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• pp.151-160
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• 2006

In this study, we propose a new efficient 2-noded hybrid-mixed element for curved beam vibrationshaving a uniform and non-uniform cross section. The present element considering transverse shear strain is based on Hellinger-Reissner variational principle and introduces additional nodeless degrees for displacement field interpolation in order to enhance the numerical performance. The stress parameters are eliminated by the stationary condition and then the nodeless degrees are condensed out by the Guyan reduction. In the performance evaluation process of the present field-consistent higher-order element, we carefully examine the effects of field consistency and the role of higher-order interpolation functions on the hybrid-mixed formulation. Several benchmark tests confirm e superior behavior of the present hybrid-mixed element for curved beam vibrations.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.3A
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• pp.181-187
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• 2011

This paper deals with free vibrations of the Timoshenko beam supported by two elastomeric bearings at two far ends. The ordinary differential equation governing free vibrations of such beam is derived, in which both effects of rotatory inertia and shear deformation are included as the Timoshenko beam theory. Also, boundary conditions of the free end are derived based on the Timoshenko beam theory. The ordinary differential equation is solved by the numerical methods for calculating natural frequencies and mode shapes. Both effects of the rotatory inertia and shear deformation on natural frequencies are extensively discussed. Also, relationships between natural frequencies and slenderness ratio, foundation modulus and bearing length are presented. Typical mode shapes of bending moment and shear force as well as deflection are given in figures which show the positions of maximum amplitudes and nodal points.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.164-172
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• 2008

For a long time, the basis of Korea Broadcasting law and regulation system has been center around television, This is not much different from other countries. This study is based on research of Korea Broadcasting law and regulation system. It precludes all doubts that freedom of broadcasting is one of those fundamental human rights that constitute the comer stones of democracy, just as is the case with the press. The objective of this study is to explore the practical meaning and the structure of regulations on the freedom of broadcasting under the Constitutional of the Republic of Korea, From the viewpoint of freedom of expression. For these purposes, this study inqures into the meaning and legal characters of freedom of Korean Constitutional Law, and the structure restricting freedom of broadcasting on the ground of functions and role of broadcasting in our contemporary society, comparing with those of the Unites states of America and the Federal Republic of Germany.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.177-183
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• 2012

There occur various crimes in cyber space hiding behind anonymity to avoid punishment by criminal law. One of the most serious crimes committed in cyber space is defamation against others under the cloak of freedom of expression. The infringements by defamations in cyber space are made all of a certain and widespread that the victims have no time to react, and for that reason, the shocks by the defamation are much serious and severe compared with that committed in off line. However, press and publication shouldn't infringe on other's honors, right, public order or social ethics in liberal democrat society which values much the human dignities and values as stipulated in Article 21 section 4 of the Constitution. Protection of personal honor is also the basic rights guaranteed by the Constitution as much as the freedom of expression, and by extension, such harmful behaviour shouldn't be included in the freedom of expression area. In this way, slander can be considered as the minimum limitation of the freedom of expression.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.269-287
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• 2017

While Jeju Free International City was promoted to overcome the economic crisis and build a new national competitiveness in the era of globalization, its development vision as 'the hub city of Northeast Asian economy in the $21^{st}$ century' has not been realized. This paper argues that Jeju Free International City to aim for the 'ideal free market model', 'neoliberal space of exception', and 'a new testing ground for neoliberal deregulation policies' has failed due to worsening of socioeconomic and environmental contradictions, growing conflicts in local community, and the logic of equity enforced by the central government. To support this claim, this article reviews the theoretical discussions of special economic zones, examines the shifts in the development visions of Jeju Free International City, and analyzes how Jeju has become a space of exception with the introduction of various exceptional policies and spatial mechanisms.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.13-26
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• 2004

This work reports results of our study on the dynamic response of buried pipelines depending on their boundary conditions. We have studied behavior of the buried pipelines both along the axial and the transverse direction with a boundary condition of free ends. The buried pipelines are modeled as beams on elastic foundation while the seismic wave as a ground displacement in the form of a sinusoidal wave. The natural frequency, its mode, and the effect of parameters have been interpreted in terms of the free vibration. In order to investigate the response on the earthquake, the resulting frequency and the mode shape obtained from the free vibration have been utilized to derive the mathematical formula for the farced vibration. We have also completed the computer program to simulate the time-displacement graphs of the pipe lines with free ends for both cases of vibrations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.4855-4864
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of infants' free play in forests on the development of their sociality. The 24 infants of a kindergarten in Jeju city, who is four years old, participated in the research. Participants freely played in forests for two hours at each time according to their own interests and demands, and this play performed twice every week for total 12 weeks. The results are as followed. Firstly, the free play activities in forests improved the infants' sociality. Secondly, the activities improved every sub-factors of the sociality such as cooperativeness, the acceptance of view, the free will, and the interaction. The results indicate that forests provide rich natural objects for infants to create various and new play by themselves. In addition, the free play activities in forests could build good inter-personal relationship through active interaction among the infants and lead positive impact on the development of their sociality.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.202-210
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• 2012

Since Civil Law recognizes the freedom of a testament, it recognizes the freedom allowing the decedent to dispose his/her own property at his/her own intention. However, in order to prevent various abuses which may occur when the principle of freedom of testament is carried out unlimited, secured portion system is stipulated. So, absolute freedom of property disposed by the deceased is limited. Likewise, the secured portion system is introduced as the system to resolve the contradiction that exists between principle of freedom of testament and legal inheritance. Since Supreme Court Decision 2010DA50809 delivered on May 24, 2012 includes major legal issues such as how to exercise of claim of return for secured portions, transfer of the secured proportion or the claim of return for secured portions, and exercise of claim of return for secured portions against a third party. So, it has a very important meaning. In this paper, legal issues regarding the exercise of claim of return for secured portions have been reviewed with this decision.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze a case of school change according to the free semester policy and provide its suggestions for the entire implementation of the policy in 2016. For the study, a middle school case was examined qualitatively. The main results are as follows: First, the structural change and psychological change should be simultaneously implemented in order to bring out overall school change. Second, the free semester should be focused on either teaching and learning improvement or career experience by having concrete action plans. Third, school stakeholders' trust and expectation should be improved by the consistency and continuity of the policy, and local educational authorities should reduce teachers work load as well as unnecessary works from the other areas besides teaching.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.45-51
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• 2016

Although the problem of personal data leakage is reported to be serious, there has been no research that tries to excavate out that real cause of the leakage in scientific prospective. Although this topic is considered to be crucial, there have been no literatures relevant to the topic, and the reason for this limitation is that scientific approach to this problem was not feasible. In this respect, in this paper a model for such scientific analysis and a methodology of analysis have been devised. Results show that the degree of rigidity turns out be the determinant that vindicates the degree of leakage. The notion of data rigidity is revealed to be very strongly correlated to the number of hacking incidents in each country. The notion of resident data freedom was then deployed in this paper to determine the world-wide ranking for a slew of different countries. The United Kingdom and the Republic of Korea turned out to be the two extreme countries that lie in the spectrum of the scale, with UK the most flexible and ROK one of the most rigid.