• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.151-162
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• 2002

The object of this study is to develop an operating time prediction model for expressways using toll collection data. A Prediction model based on modular neural network model was developed and tested using real data. Two toll collection system(TCS) data set. Seoul-Suwon section for short range and Seoul-Daejeon section for long range, in Kyongbu expressway line were collected and analyzed. A time series analysis on TCS data indicated that operating times on both ranges are in reasonable prediction ranges. It was also found that prediction for the long section was more complex than that for the short section. However, a long term prediction for the short section turned out to be more difficult than that for the long section because of the higher sensitivity to initial condition. An application of the suggested model produced accurate prediction time. The features of suggested prediction model are in the requirement of minimum (3) input layers and in the ability of stable operating time prediction.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.41-74
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• 2007

This paper aims to assess the effectiveness of Korea's official development assistance (ODA) in terms of improvement in per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of aid recipients, and promotion of Korea's exports and outward foreign direct investments (FDI) to ODA recipients. The assessment has also been done for different groups of aid recipient countries divided by their regional location, income level, and economic freedom. For this purpose, this paper empirically tests the effectiveness of bilateral grants and loans for 163 aid recipient countries during the period of 1990 to 2003. Results show that ODA from Korea had not been able to explain the variations in aid recipient countries' growth in per capita GDP. Provision of aid promoted outward FDI to aid recipient countries during the entire period considered. With respect to exports, provision of aid had facilitated Korea's exports to aid recipient countries, except for the period of 2000~2003. On the basis of the findings, recommendations for future aid policy have been made.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.25-47
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• 2014

IT project is a knowledge-based project with high uncertainty in role assignment and task allocationamong team members. This study empirically investigate steam members' interactive behavior in IT projects based on the framework of social interdependence theory. The goal and task interdependencebetween team members were posited as antecedents of project performance with communication effectiveness and knowledge sharing as mediating variables. To test the research model, a dataset was collected form IT and business professional pairs of 123 IT project teams. The results indicated that the theory of social interdependence is applicable to explaining the promotive interaction in IT project teams. In detail, task interdependence appears to have influence on both promotive interactions (communication effectiveness and knowledge sharing), and goal interdependence influences only on communication effectiveness. Knowledge sharing is found to be a significant mediator between social interdependence and project performance. However, communication effectiveness only indirectly influences project performance via knowledge sharing. Academic and practical implications are discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.378-389
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• 2013

Health care expenditure might be understood as a core source of social welfare. It is mainly due to the fact that the health care expenditure is closely related to the level of social welfare. And, therefore, the paper is basically designed to investigate the effect of social welfare improvement resulted from an increasing in per capita, private, public, and total health care expenditures during 1995-2009 periods. Empirical evidence reveals that the improvement of social welfare in middle income group reveals the highest improvement in social welfare, and the other income groups maintain a quite similar pattern in improvement of social welfare. As far as category of health care expenditure concerns, the effect of social welfare improvement by per capita health care expenditure is in general lower in all case. And, private sector achieves the highest improvement of social welfare in comparing with public and total health care expenditures. To this end, it could be tentatively concluded that the private health care expenditure has to be substituted for the public sector to induce market-oriented operational system. Accordingly, it would be better to build an institutional basis more elaborately in setting up the market system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.201-209
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• 2020

In this study, issues related to changes in base year, which have controversial effects on fees in service contracts, were reviewed. In this regard, sensitivity analysis was conducted on the effects of changes in base year on conversion factor by type. The benefits and disadvantages of each specific type of medical institution were examined. Main conclusions are as follows. First, changing the base year to be closer to the present time had a beneficial effect on the conversion factor of hospitals. Second, changing the base year to be closer to the current point of time had an adverse effect on the conversion factor of pharmacies and clinics and had a significant adverse effect on clinics. Third, assuming that a single conversion factor is collectively applied to all types, a favorable effect occurred in all cases when the base year was changed to be closer to the present time. Base year changes can bring about conflicts of interest between insurer and providers, and within providers. Therefore, changing the base year should be pursued upon mutual agreement on a reasonable basis for resource allocation. In addition, it is necessary to provide incentives for temporary compensation for the types of losses incurred.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.313-333
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• 2017

As science and technology advanced, specialized and massive, development through mutual cooperation or research based on patent licensing such as material transfer contract, technology transfer contract etc are actively taking place to minimize or separate the cost and risk of R&D. In R&D, such mutual work can enjoy the merit of division of labor by effectively allocating resources and manpower to accomplish its goal. Inevitably, however, there are also many possibilities of disputes regarding the ownership and use of intellectual property rights resulting from such mutual/post-studies, or inventions upgraded by using prior patents. The case reviewed by this paper is noticeable regarding the recent trend of upgraded inventions. In the case, a pharmaceutical company conducted tests/assessments on the complete technology of patent owned by a university on the premise of transferring the technology, and then terminated the technology transfer contract due to reasons of toxicity. The university then filed a damage claim suit against the company for infringing the contract. This is a dispute case betw een a university which developed a potential ingredient for new medicine and a pharmaceutical company which agreed to transfer and receive the technological later on. Regarding the upgraded inventions of source patents, this case has many implications on the protection of prior patents, research contract, and research security to protect the accomplishment of research. This paper reviews the subject ruling and the protection of upgraded patents and source technologies. As critical notes, the paper also summarizes the major issues of case ruling to observe the standard of ruling patent infringement related to the extortion of upgraded patents. Then, through the ruling of the case above, the paper suggests implications and future strategies.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.54
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• pp.101-125
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• 2018

In the police, crime intelligence is the basis of decision making for police's original activities in response to crime. Police decision making is done in various ways such as investigation and prevention of individual cases, allocation of resources, organization prioritization, etc. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activities of the UK policing in analyzing crime intelligence and to reflect them in the policing and to draw implications for the comparison with the Korean police. The UK operates a central police agency based on the local police system, and establishes a National Intelligence Model (NIM) system that operates crime intelligence throughout the country. In order to respond to crimes and risks through coordination and cooperation, rather than by centralized police activities, the intelligence department of the police agencies should not only prevent and suppress crime through the analysis of integrated crime information, but also make police decision-making. In contrast, the Korea police operate crime intelligence, such as statistics, case intelligence, and there is no integrated way to use it. In addition, there are few cases in which the organizational decision - making based on crime intelligence is utilized efficiently and systematically. For development, it is necessary to construct an integrated management system and analysis organization for crime intellgence. Criminal Intelligence Analysis Organizations should seek to reorganize the role of the current intelligence department or to operate a separate analysis system through the information system while maintaining the current role of each department.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1650-1654
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• 2007

홍수와 가뭄의 증가, 수질악화, 물부족 등 물 문제 해결을 위한 대안으로 통합수자원관리에 대한 논의가 국제사회에서 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 국내에서도 많은 학자들이 수자원관리를 위한 새로운 대안으로 통합수자원관리를 주장하고 있지만, 추상적인 설명이 대부분이다. 따라서 본 연구는 통합수자원관리에 대한 정의, 원칙, 추진전략 등을 정리하여 통합수자원관리에 대한 종합적이고 체계적인 정보를 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구는 다음과 같은 흐름을 갖는다. 첫째, 수자원관리를 위한 새로운 대안으로 통합수자원관리가 등장하게 된 배경을 살펴보았다. 물문제를 해결하기 위해서는 연속적이고 상호작용하는 하나의 '시스템(係)'으로 수자원을 인식하고 관리해야 한다는 주장이 확산되고 있으며, 통합수자원관리가 그러한 인식을 갖고 있는 대안으로 등장하였다. 둘째, 통합수자원관리의 정의, 원칙 등을 조사하였다. 통합수자원관리는 자연의 지속가능성을 훼손하지 않으면서 경제적, 사회적 복지를 최대화하기 위하여 물, 토지 및 관련 자원의 조화로운 개발을 위한 과정으로 정의된다. 이러한 통합수자원관리를 위한 원칙으로는 지속가능한 수자원의 개발, 이용 및 관리원칙, 물순환 체계 고려 및 유역관리원칙, 이해당사자 참여 및 조정의 원칙, 비용부담 및 편익 균형배분의 원칙 등이 있다. 셋째, 통합수자원관리를 위한 추진방안을 제시하였다. 법제도 정비 및 부문별 통합관리강화, 수자원 관련 자료의 신뢰도 제고 및 의사결정 체계 구축, 관련계획과의 연계, 계획-실행-평가의 순환구축, 물관리 비용부담체계 구축 등이 통합수자원관리의 실행을 앞당길 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 통합수자원관리에 대하여 종합적인 정보를 제공하고 개선을 위한 추진방안을 제시하여 국내 수자원관리의 문제해결을 위한 기반을 구축하는 데에 기여할 것으로 기대된다. 범람범위의 1차적인 정보에서 수립할 수 있었던 계획이 가질 수 있었던 한계점을 좀 더 향상된 정보를 이용하여 극복함으로써 효율적이고 체계적인 치수 방재 계획수립이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.group) 67개, 속(family) 161개로 분류되었으며, 가장 저차단위인 통(series)이 390개 분류되었다. 또한 작물이용측면에서 실용적 분류를 실시하였는데, 논토양의 경우 보통논, 미숙논, 사질논, 습논, 염해논, 특이산성논으로 분류할 경우 각각의 분포면적이 31.9%, 23.0%, 31.9%, 9.1%, 3.9%, 0.2%이었다. 밭토양의 경우에도 보통밭, 사질밭, 미숙밭, 중점밭, 고원밭, 화산회밭으로 6개 유형으로 분류할 경우 각각의 분포면적은 41.9%, 23.3%, 17.5%, 13.9%, 1.1. 2.2% 이었다. 도시화 및 도로확대 등 다양한 토지이용 및 지형개변으로 과거의 토양정보가 많이 변경되었다. 그래서, 앞으로는 인공위성자료 및 항공사진을 이용하여 빠르고 쉽게 활용할 수 있는 토양조사 방법개발과 기 구축된 토양도의 수정, 보완 작업이 필요한 절실히 요구되고 있는 현실이다.브로 출시에 따른 마케팅 및 고객관리와 관련된 시사점을 논의한다.는 교합면에서 2, 3, 4군이 1군에 비해 변연적합도가 높았으며 (p < 0.05), 인접면과 치은면에서는 군간 유의차를 보이지 않았다 이번 연구를 통하여 복합레진을 간헐적 광중합시킴으로써 변연적합도가 향상될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.시장에 비해 주가가 비교적 안정적인 수준을 유지해 왔다고 볼 수 있다.36.4%)와 외식을 선호(29.1%)${\lrcorner}$ 하기 때문에 패스트푸드를 이용하게 된 것으로 응답 하였으며, 남 여 대학생간에는 유의한 차이(p<0.05)가 인정되었다. 응답자의 체형은 ${\

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.281-290
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• 2014

This comparative analysis on the project scheme of property-led regeneration of UK and Japan aimed to suggest the implications for economy-based urban regeneration of Korea. Property-led regeneration attract private capital by deregulation and public investment since 1980s' neoliberalism. Its effectiveness for creating job and economic growth is demonstrated through last decades. The cases of property-led urban regeneration of 2000s, such as Stratford, King's Cross, Otemach and Shinonome, show decrease of public direct investment, promoting deregulation. It also proved that property-led urban regeneration has a great ripple effect to local economy. And the partnership among central and local governments, public development corporations, private developers and other local interest groups is emphasized for delivering successful urban regeneration. Especially, human empowerment of local government and responsibility of public organization are also required to deliver urban regeneration.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.127-139
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• 2004

Agricultural meteorology has advanced during the last 100 years from a descriptive to a quantitative science using physical and biological principles. The agricultural community is becoming more aware that using climate and weather information will improve their profitability and this will no doubt increase the demand for agrometeorological services. Hence it is timely that the needs and perspectives for agrometeorology in the 21$^{21}$ Century are grouped under two major headings: agrometeorological services for agricultural production and agrometeorological support systems for such services. Emphasis must be placed on the components of such support systems comprising of data, research, policies and training/education/extension. As Monteith (2000) mentioned, food supplies ultimately depend upon the skill with which farmers ran exploit the potential of good weather and minimize the impact of bad weather. Recent developments in instrumentation, data management systems, climate prediction, crop modelling, dissemination of agrometeorological information etc., provide agrometeorologists the tools necessary help the farmers improve such skills. The future for operational applications of agricultural meteorology appears bright and such applications could contribute substantially to promote sustainable agriculture and alleviate poverty.