• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.75-89
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• 2001

There are 334 coal mines and about 900 metal mines abandoned. The environmental problems such as acid mine drainage from adits etc. and the subsidence has occurred in the abandoned mines. In addition, soil has been contaminated by tailings. According to analysis of mine drainages, some of them from adits in the abandoned coal and metallic mines were acidic and polluted by heavy metals. Especially, water quality of coal mine drainages were different by areas. Treatment of mine drainage by conventional chemical treatment has the drawback because the operating cost is very expensive. The treatment system used in mine drainage is the natural treatment system such as anoxic limestone drain in adits and the constructed wetland. The method of reclamation for abandoned waste rocks and tailings impoundments are mainly landfilling.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 1996

Recently, significant attention is given to the wastewater treatment using Constructed wetland. This is because the wetland system is a kind of natural taeatment system, simple to maintain and it has relatively fewer technical difficulty. Thus, it would be a practical method to employ especially in rural area in Korea. In this paper, the authors dscuss the design criteria of construted wetland developed in USA as an initial feasibility study to adopt it in Korea. We discuss about especially types of vegetation, natural succession and management, planting techniques, seeding teckniques and management after censtruction.

• Korean Architects
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• no.6 s.183
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• pp.90-96
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• 1984

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.695-701
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• 2020

This study aimed to monitor a pilot-scale vertical flow reactor (VFR) system being operated in long-term for water quality control of pH-neutral mine drainage containing Fe, Mn and As, discharged in D mine site. The treatment systems of VFR and zero manganese reactor (ZMR) consisted of sand/limestone, and steel slag/limestone, respectively. The systems were operated during about six months in order to evaluate their long-term treatment efficiency It was observed that both pH and alkalinity of mine drainage were remarkably increased and more than 98% of Fe, As and Mn ions was continuously removed during the tested period of time. In conclusion, the field results of this work demonstrated that the vertical flow reactor system can effectively treat mine drainage contaminated by Fe, As and Mn.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

As Total Maximum Daily Load program is being implemented, needs for the management and treatment of contaminated sediment are rising to attain cleaner water resources. In this paper, impacts and management methods of contaminated sediment were reviewed. Remediation technologies for contaminated sediment including dredging, natural attenuation, in situ solidification/stabilization, in situ biological remediation, in situ chemical remediation and capping were reviewed. Integrated remediation scheme was presented as well.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.89-100
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• 2000

Recently, according to the increase of population and rapid growth of industry, the amount of effluent pollutant has been rising in natural water. In these pollutant, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphor are told that these evolve the odor, color and eutrophication in rural housing sewage and lake regulary. Many researches have been carried out to remove these nutrients from effluents and will have to be studied more deeply. Especially, because of the sewage of rural housing and livestock, environmental pollution raises serious problem in a rural community. This method is developed to solve the problem environmentally friendly. Using the natural energy(wasteheat, earthheat, solar engery) and the growth properties of aquatic plants are most efficient method to absorb the nutrients and denitrification and phosphor uptake.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.564-570
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• 2013

Domestic treatment facilities for acid mine drainage (AMD) mostly used a passive treatment process. But some passive treatment facility discharged high manganese concentrations because it is required high pH (>9) for abiotic oxidation of Mn(II) to Mn(IV). This study was focused on the feasibility of biological manganese treatment using the manganese-oxidizing bacteria (Pseudomonas sp. MN5) from AMD and economical application method of it. To investigate the various conditions of water quality the most part of the experiments were based on batch test. And result of it showed that maximum manganese oxidation rate were $10.4mg/L{\cdot}h$ at the pH7. We also performed small column tests in which MOB were attached to the functional polyurethane (FPU) media containing alkaline chemicals. Manganese concentration decreased 42 mg/L to below 6 mg/L. But anaerobic condition formed by excessive bacterial respiration in column resulted in increasing effluent manganese concentration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.269-269
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• 2010

현재 화석연료의 부족으로 인한 에너지 수급의 불균형, 자연환경의 파괴로 인해 대체에너지 개발이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위한 방안으로 태양전지에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 기존 결정형 실리콘 태양전지와 비교해 화합물 반도체를 기반으로 한 박막형 태양전지는 친환경적인 제품이면서 제조원가를 절감시킬 수 있고, 반영구적인 수명 및 값싼 기판을 활용할 수 있는 장점으로 인해 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 실험에서는 Co-sputtering법으로 제작된 $CuInSe_2$(CIS)를 광활성층으로 한 박막형 태양전지에서 실온 ${\sim}550^{\circ}C$의 다양한 온도에서 후열 처리된 CIS 박막들의 전기적, 구조적, 광학적인 특성들을 분석하였다. 제작된 박막들 가운데 Hall Effect 측정결과 $550^{\circ}C$에서 후열 처리된 박막이 가장 높은 1.227E+22(/$cm^3$)의 캐리어 농도와 1.581(cm/$V{\cdot}s$)의 홀 이동도를 가지며, 3.092E-4(${\Omega}{\cdot}cm$)의 가장 낮은 비저항 값을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. EFM 측정결과 열처리 하지 않은 박막에 비해 후열처리된 CIS 박막의 전도성이 전체적으로 높아졌다. 특히, $550^{\circ}C$에서 후열 처리된 박막의 표면은 전체적으로 전기 전도성이 높은 결정립들이 골고루 분포하며 가장 높은 표면 포텐셜 에너지 값을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 박막들의 구조적 특성을 분석하기 위해 SEM과 XRD를 측정한 결과, $350^{\circ}C$에서 후열 처리된 박막들은 열처리 되지 않은 박막과 비교해 표면형상 변화가 일어났으며, $550^{\circ}C$에서 후열 처리된 CIS 박막들은 $CuInSe_2$(112) 방향이 향상된 chalcopyrite-like 구조를 가지면서 박막 밀도가 높고 결정립의 크기가 증가된 것을 확인하였다. 이는 박막 성장시 기판온도의 상승으로 CIS 박막 내에서 셀레늄의 확산과 상호작용으로 3원 화합물이 재결정화되어 구조적인 특성향상에 기여하였기 때문이다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 CIS 광활성층에서 후열 처리의 효과들 뿐만아니라 박막 증착시 co-sputtering법을 이용함으로써 증착시간의 감소 및 대면적화와 대량생산으로도 적용 가능함을 제시하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.654-661
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• 2017

Recently, a low-impact development (LID) technic such as a wetland has been proposed as a Nature-friendly process for reducing pollutants caused by livestock wastewater. Therefore, the Daphnia magna toxicity was analyzed for livestock wastewater samples, to determine if a wetland system would also be effective in reducing this ecotoxicity. In the present study, acute D. magna toxicity was not significantly dependent on the presence and type of reed, nor type of media. However, when treated with construction wetlands, ecotoxicities decreased as well as TN, TP and COD concentrations. Therefore, it is considered that a construction wetland system with bio reeds and bio-media as well as general reeds would be effective to reduce the ecotoxicity of livestock wastewater. To apply a wetland system as the subsequent treatment process to a livestock waste water treatment facility, it is necessary to perform an integrated evaluation such as treatment efficiency and the ecotoxicity test for various characteristics of livestock wastewater.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.9-24
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• 1997

Surfactant-aided in situ soil flushing has been proposed as an alternative for the expensive and time consuming 'pump and treat' technology in remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater Injected surfactants can effectively solubilize contaminants sorbed to the soil matrix or nonaqueous phase liquids(NAPLs) in residual saturation. The contaminants solubilized in groundwater are recovered and treated further. The theoretical background of the technology and the results of the field operations, mostly in the US. were summarized. In addition, the factors crucial to the successful application of the technology were discussed. Cost analyses and technical limitations in current applications were also discussed. In conclusion, it is likely that in situ surfactant flushing become a viable option for soil remediation in limited cases. Currently, further advances with respect to operation cost and to treatment efficiency are required for more extensive application of the technology. However, the current trends in soil remediation, specially the growing emphasis on risk based corrective action and natural attenuation, will increase the competitiveness of the technology. For example, removal of easily washable contaminants by short term soil flushing followed by long term monitoring and natural attenuation can greatly reduce the operation cost and time.