• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.471-476
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• 2003

The success of autotransplantation depends on the viability of periodontal ligament in the transplanted tooth. Mechanical injury to periodontal tissues frequently results in dental root resorption and ankylosis, which leads to the failure of transplantation. Enamel matrix derivative(EMD) Which contains several enamel matrix protein (amelogenin family) has been reported to be effective in some periodontal therapies has been recently used to induce periodontal regeneration. EMD promotes proliferation of periodontal ligament cells and is suggested to be useful for transplantation. In this case, we report a clinical case of EMD application in the transplantation of an impacted and immature tooth of a 14 year-old girl to enhance the periodontal regeneration.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1345-1354
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• 2016

Alopecia areata (AA) is a common and tissue-specific autoimmune disease of hair follicle resulting in the loss of hair on the scalp and elsewhere on the body. Hair follicles is a unique organ because it has its own immune system and hormonal milieu and has a different immune state at each hair cycle stage. The collapses of anagen-dependent hair follicle immune privilege arise autoimmune attack, inducing ectopic MHC class I expression in the hair follicle epithelium and autoantigen presentation to autoreactive CD8+T cells, which results in AA. Clinical and experimental studies have pointed that psychological stress may also influence the hair follicle immune/hormone systems and contribute to the induction of AA. The key pathogenesis of AA is associated with immune privilege guardians (including ACTH, ${\alpha}-MSH$, and $TGF-{\beta}$), natural killer group 2D-positive (NKG2D+) cells (including NK and CD8+T cells), and stress hormones (including CRH and substance P). Effective treatments for AA are still demanded. One of the future targets of treatment will be the modification of hair follicle immune privilege including stress. Recent studies have reported that JAK inhibitors and immunomodulators used in other autoimmune disease, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis, Tregs, platelet-rich plasma therapy, statins, and prostaglandin anaolgues are effective for AA. Here the article reviews the recent understanding in the pathogenesis associated with perifollicular endocrine/immunology and new treatments of AA.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.227-237
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• 2009

Recently, adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC) that are similar to bone marrow MSC and blood derived MSC are thought to be another source for stem cell therapy. However, the diseases that can be applied for stem cells therapy are age-dependent degenerative diseases. Accordingly, the present study investigated the growth and differentiation potential to neural cells of human AdMSC (hAdMSC) obtained from aged thirty, forty and fifty. The growth of cells and cell viability were measured by passage and neural differentiation of hAdMSC was induced in neural differentiation condition for 10 days. Our results demonstrated that cell number, viability and morphology were not different from hAdMSC by age and passage. Immunofluorescence analysis of neural cell marker (TuJ1, NSE, Sox2, GFAP or MAP2) demonstrated no significant differences in neural cell differentiation by age and passage. As the number of passage was increased, the mRNA level of MAP2 and Sox2 was decreased in hAdMSC from age of 50 compared to hAdMSC from age of 30. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that ability of neural cell differentiation of hAdMSC was maintained with ages, suggesting that autologous stem cells from aged people can be applied for stem cell therapy with age-dependent neural disease with the same stem cell quality and ability as stem cell derived from young age.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the adherence to diabetes control recommendations (blood glucose testing, medication, diet, exercise) in patients with type 2 diabetes at home and to analyse the correlation between adherence and blood glucose level. Method: Participants, numbering 214, were recruited from the endocrinology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in an urban city. The data were collected by a self report adherence questionnaire. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography technique and fasting blood glucose was analyzed by the glucose oxidase method. Result: Medication adherence was higher than diet or exercise adherence. The frequency of blood glucose testing was lower for middle school graduates than college graduates. Diet adherence was significantly lower for participants who were obese, who did not have a spouse, and who had hyperglycemia. Medication and diet adherence were negatively correlated with HbA1c. Conclusion: A diet education program should be developed for patients with type 2 diabetes who are obese, who do not have a spouse, and who have hyperglycemia.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.123-134
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• 1993

Background: Tissue-type plasminogen activator is a physiologic activator, which has high affinity for fibrin and is activated by fibrin. Because of these properties, t-PA has the potential to induce effective thrombolysis without producing a systemic lytic state. In practice, however, therapeutically efficacious doses of t-PA has been associated with the development of a systemic lytic state. As experience with t-PA has accumulated, it has suggested that the fibrin selectivity is influenced by the dose and duration of t-PA infusion, and many studies have performed in an attempt to optimize the duration of t-PA regimen. Methods: This study was designed to assess the thrombolytic efficacy of t-PA and the differences of two dosing regimens of t-PA (infusion of 1 mg/kg t-PA over 15 or 180 minutes) in a canine model of pulmonary embolism, induced by injection of radioactive autologous blood clots. By continuously counting over both lung fields with a external gamma counter, we correlated rate and extent of pulmonary thrombolysis with corresponding pulmonary hemodynamics in addition to the gas analyses of arterial and mixed venous blood. Results: 1) While total clot lysis was similar ($36.2{\pm}3.3%$ and $39.6{\pm}2.3%$ respectively, p>0.05) when t-PA was infused over 15 or 180 minutes, the rate of lysis during infusion was markedly increased with the shorter infusion ($81.4{\pm}16.8%/hr$ vs $37.3{\pm}2.4%/hr$, p<0.05). 2) The duration of thrombolysis was $63.3{\pm}22.2$ minutes although t-PA was administered over 15 minutes, and it was only $148.5{\pm}14.0$ minutes in case of the infusion over 180 minutes (p<0.05). 3) The increased rate of thrombolysis with the shorter infusion was accompanied by a faster amelioration of cardiopulmonary impairment from pulmonary embolism (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that the shorter (15 minutes) infusion of t-PA is superior to the longer (180 minutes) infusion when the dose is equal, in consideration of the faster improvement in cardiopulmonary impairment from pulmonary embolism.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2018

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a great potential approach for the localized tumor removal with fewer metastatic potentials and side effects in treating the disease. In the treatment process, a photosensitizer (PS) that absorbs a light energy to generate reactive oxygen is essential. In general, a visible light is used as a light source of PDT, so that side effects from the light source are inevitable. For this reason, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) using near-infrared (NIR) as an excitation source are attracting attention in the field of disease diagnosis and treatment. UCNPs have the low cytotoxicity and phototoxicity, and also advantages such as deep tissue penetration and low background autofluorescence. For PDT, UCNPs should be combined with a PS which absorbs the light energy from UCNPs and transfers it to the surrounding oxygen to produce reactive oxygen. In addition, the therapeutic efficacy can be improved by modifying nanoparticle surfaces, adding anti-cancer drugs, or combining with photothermal therapy (PTT). In this review, we summarize the recent research to improve the efficiency of PDT using UCNPs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.607-610
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• 2020

21세기 핵심 키워드 중 하나로 두뇌 산업이 떠오르고 있다. 미국, 일본 등 선진 국가에서는 이미 뇌 연구에 활발한 투자가 진행되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 출생과 성장기 뇌 발달에 문제가 발생하는 발달 장애 아동을 위한 음악 치료 프로그램을 개발하고자 한다. 효과적인 발달 장애 치료를 위해, 조기 발견 후 인지 학습 치료가 필요하다. 그 중 인지 기능과 자가 관리 기능을 기르는 것이 중요한데, 리듬 타이밍 훈련이 발달 장애 아동의 기억 능력 개선에 도움이 된다는 여러 입증된 연구 결과가 있다. 그러나 아직까지 발달 장애 아동을 위한 적절한 치료 방법이 없기에 본 논문에서는 인지 학습 치료가 필요한 아동에게 도움을 주기 위해 동요의 정확한 리듬, 음정을 학습하는 프로그램을 제안한다. 아동의 지속적인 흥미를 끌 수 있는 게임과 인지능력 훈련을 결합하였기에, 보다 좋은 학습 효과를 유도할 수 있을 것이다.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.6 s.65
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• pp.979-995
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to identify the preventive and the progressive inhibitory effects of enamel demineralization with fluoride releasing light-and self-cured orthodontic sealants(FluoroBond), in vitro, under the polarizing light microscope and the scanning electon microscope. The polarizing light microscopic group was subdivided into seven groups(Group A-Group G). The scanning electron microscopic group was also subdivided into seven groups(Group A'-Goup G'). For polarizing light microscopic evaluation, longitudinal sections were made longitudinally by Maruto cutter(Maruto Co., Japan) and Maruto grinding machine(Maruto Co., Japan). Sections were examined and photographed by the polarizing light microscope(Olympus Optical Co., Japan) using crossed polars and with the enamel rod longitudinal axis oriented at $45^{\circ}$ to the extinction position. For scanning electron microscopic evaluation, the specimens were coated with a highly conducting layer of gold palladium in a model Hus-4 high-vacuum evaporator and examined in an ISI-100B scanning electron microcope operated at 20kV. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The mean depths of artificial carious lesions under a polarized light microscope were $Group\;A(5.08{\mu}m),\;Group\;B(47.82{\mu}m,\;Group\;C(8.42{\mu}m),\;Group\;D(7.20{\mu}m),\;Group\;E(85.41{\mu}m),\;Group\;F(60.38{\mu}m),\;Group\;G(60.13{\mu}m)$. 2. There were statistically significant differences in Group B compared with Group A, C, and D(p<0.05), and also, in Group I compared with Group F and Group G(p<0.05). 3. Light-and self-cured orthodontic sealants had the preventive effects of enamel demineralization. 4. Light-and self-cured orthodontic sealants had the progressive inhibitory effects of enamel demineralization. 5. The time progress of demineralizing agent had no influence on the samples of light-and self-cured orthodontic sealants under the scanning electron microscope. 6. There was no difference between the specimens of light-and self-cured orthodontic sealants both in the polarized light microscopic group and in the scanning electron microscopic group.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2003

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of calcium sulfate as a bone graft substitute in the treatment of benign bone tumor. Materials and Method: Between December 2000 and November 2001, 18 patients with a benign bone tumor were treated with crettage and the defects were filled with calcium sulfate (Osteoset$^{(R)}$:Wright Medical Co. USA) as a bone graft substitute. Average age was 28.4 years and mean follow up period was 12.3 months. Calcium sulfate mixed with autograft was used in 6 cases, calcium sulfate with allograft in 2 cases, and calcium sulfate alone was used in 10 cases. The degree of absorption of calcium sulfate and new bone formation at plain radiograph was analyzed at immediate postoperative and postoperative 3 months and 6 months follow up. Results: At 3 months postoperatively, 92% of calcium sulfate was absorbed, and at 6 months postoperatively, 89% of new bone formation was observed. There was no difference in the resorption and new bone formation between the group using bone graft and the group osteoset$^{(R)}$ alone, different preoperative diagnosis and even different locations. There was no complication. Conclusion: Calcium sulfate(Osteoset$^{(R)}$) is a safe and effective bone graft substitute in the treatment of benign bone tumors, especially for the children in whom autograft is not recommandable.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.544-549
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• 2000

The treatment of TMJ ankylosis poses a significant challenge because of technical difficulties and high incidence of recurrence. TMJ ankylosis has been treated by excision and total joint reconstruction with alloplastic, allogeneic, autogenous materials as interpositional materials. The temporalis myofascial flap had been considered to be a successful interpositional material, due to its anatomical, topographical, and functional properties. This study evaluated the efficacy of the temporalis myofascial flap for nine TMJs (five patients) through the preauricular approach and coronoidectomy. Radiographic and physiologic long term result was investigated in this study. The result reveals that the temporalis myofascial flap is a good autogenous tissue satisfying the criteria of an ideal interpositional material, which offers a material that fulfills the physiological function of the disc. In spite of favorable functional outcome, mild postoperative openbite tendency remains another challenge.