• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.39-55
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• 2022

In this study, we investigate the interrelationship between housing tenure and childbirth by exploiting the correlation probability effect method that accounts for household heterogeneity. Using the newlywed household panel from 2011 to 2022, we find that home ownership has a positive impact on childbirth in newlyweds. Specifically, newlywed households with housing tenure show a 6.2%p higher birth rate and a 5.7%p higher second childbirth than newlywed households living in rented houses. For the case of first childbirth, we employ the probability effect probit model since the endogeneity was not detected between housing tenure and birth rate. We document the differential effects of housing tenure on childbirth in that the first childbirth rate is higher for households without housing tenures. The negative effects on first childbirth could be attributed to the economic burden due to initial housing ownership, while housing tenure could eventually provide housing stability, leading to positive effects on more than one childbirth. Finally, we identify that households with childbirth over the last year show a 4.2%p and 3.9%p lower probabilities of housing tenure in the total sample and second childbirth sample, respectively. This suggests that the increased living cost due to childbirth could delay home ownership.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.7-22
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• 2018

This study aimed to empirically analyze the factors that influence newlyweds' housing tenure. For this, a questionnaire survey was conducted among newlyweds living nationwide who had been married for 5 years or less and were under the age of 40. The results of the survey were empirically analyzed by applying various variables. With regard to parental financial support among the factors influencing newlyweds' housing tenure, the analysis results showed that the probability of owner occupancy was high among the households with parental financial support than among those with none, and the larger the size of the parental financial support was, the higher the probability that the newlyweds owned the house they were occupying. As for the housing loan variable, it was found that the probability of owner occupancy was high among the newlyweds with a housing loan than among those with none, and the larger the amount of the newlyweds' housing loan was, the higher the probability that they owned the house they were occupying. As opposed to what is generally recognized, however, the survey showed that the higher the ratio of dual earners is, the lower the owner occupancy probability due to the probability of job transition, etc. In addition, it was found that the probability of owner occupancy for the newlyweds living in Seoul was lower than that for the newlyweds living in other regions in South Korea. Accordingly, this study showed that appropriate levels of parental economic indicators should also be reflected in the stable housing support and loan policies for newlyweds in the context that the succession to their parents' fortunes is generalized.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.493-501
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• 2014

An automated lifting vehicle(ALV) used in an automated container terminal is a type of unmanned vehicle that can self-lift a container as well as self-transport it to a destination. To operate a fleet of ALVs efficiently, one needs to be able to determine a minimum-time route to a given destination whenever an ALV is to start its transport job. To find a route free from any collision or deadlock, the occupation time of the ALV on each segment of the route should be carefully scheduled to avoid any such hazard. However, it is not easy because not only the travel times of ALVs are uncertain due to traffic condition but also the operation times of cranes en route are not predicted precisely. In this paper, we propose a routing method based on an ant colony optimization algorithm that takes into account these uncertainties. The result of simulation experiment shows that the proposed method can effectively find good routes under uncertainty.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.39-52
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the housing tenure choice decisions of older households, with focus on the activity constraints of the householders. For analysis, the probit model based on the data of the householders over 55 years of age from the 2015 KLIPS data was implemented. The research findings indicate that the ownership choice probability decreases when the head of the household has activity or social activity constraints. If there is an activity restriction, it is considered that the possibility of self-residence will be low due to the increase in medical expenses, the possibility of participation in economic activities will be low, the possibility of early retirement will be high, and the income will decrease. Therefore, if the head of the household has a personal or social activity constraint, such case is more likely to be categorized as falling under the poor residential group. This result suggests that the activity constraint can be utilized as a useful index for the housing welfare policy considering physical vulnerability.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.395-406
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to analyze of the home energy consumption and conservation awareness, usage patterns and policy directions for housing energy-saving house by three types of houses tenure. The results of analysis is : First, there is existed to the difference in average by each housing tenure types. Second, the residents of sales apartment and tenants of private and public rental apartment are practices in the energy consumption and conservation Third, the behavior between residents of sale-housing and the tenants of private and rental housing on the energy-saving behavior items is existed with behavioral differences. Finally, the consumer-oriented incentives method in the future housing energy' policy direction might be used more efficient and effective than others

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.31-44
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to explore empirically the effects of the residential environments and housing consciousness on the housing tenure choice of newlyweds in the Seoul metropolitan region. Regarding the results of the empirical analysis, firstly, not only the household's attributes and housing characteristics but also the residential environments and housing consciousness were significant factors on housing tenure choice. Secondly, as a household considers worse housing quality and better environmental quality surrounding the housing, the household chose Cheonsei housing more often than owner-occupied housing. On the other hand, as a household reviews only better living condition, the selection probability of monthly rent was higher. Thirdly, as a household regards that the housing investment value was more important, the choice probability of owner-occupied housing was higher than that of other tenure types.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.7-19
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• 2018

Prior studies concerning the analysis of parents' homeownership on its offspring usually focus on the transmission of tenure between two generations. This study adopted a more comprehensive approach on this topic so the effects of parents' homeownership were analyzed through the economic performance of their sons. Korean labor panel data were used to test hypotheses on intergenerational transmission of parents' homeownership. The period covered years 2000 to 2014, consisting of about 862 samples, while many socioeconomic variables were selected through a filtering process. The results of the three hypotheses showed the following consequences. First, parents' homeownership was a meaningful factor in determining their son's housing tenure. Second, parents who are homeowners tended to have more educated sons. Third, parents' homeownership did not affect their son's annual income. This study showed more extensive effects of homeownership, and government strategy must consider this additional benefit in homeownership policies.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 2012

Present study investigates on the impact of resources and characteristics of the tenure choice for divorced women in Korea. The authors utilize the micro data from the Korea Census (2% sample) provided by the National Statistical Office. The authors apply the bivariate probit model to eliminate selection bias that could incur due to sample selectivity, from a chain of marital disruption and tenure choices. This study starts with a descriptive explanation of homeownership after divorce from 1985 to 2005. It concluded that divorce results in a substantial attrition of homeownership. The authors found that out for many women, divorce initiates a process of downward mobility on the housing ladder. The probability to own housing is much lower for divorced women than for women who are not divorced. The present study concludes by suggesting some policy implications for divorced women who have limited access to housing stability. The authors also suggest some future studies that can compensate the empirical limitations of the present study.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2012

The Schwabe's law explains the housing demand weighs more on demographic factors rather than on socio-economic factors as societies achieve higher level of economic development. Based on Schwabe's law, the present study constructs a hypotheses to analyze changes of housing demand with respect to housing tenure change in Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) during the periods of 1980 to 2005. To test the hypotheses, the authors take advantage of the Population and Housing Census 2% data from 1980 to 2005. The authors apply binary probit with decomposition method to verify our hypotheses. The authors found that the influence of socio-economic factors on housing tenure have been weakened in the housing market during the periods of 1980 to 2005. On the other hand, the relative influence of demographic factors have been strengthened in the housing market during the periods. The present study concludes that housing demand in the SMA have been dramatically changed from socio-economic characteristics to demographic factors to decide housing tenure during the periods, which confirms the hypotheses of the present study.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.119-128
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• 2012

This study investigated the effects of urban farm program on the participants' sense of community. Three public urban farms in Seoul were selected and surveyed. The results were as follows: First, the effects of the urban farm program on the sense of community were verified by a multifaceted analysis. There were significant differences in the interaction and sense of community between urban farms with and without regular programs. Program participants showed higher level of activity, interaction and sense of community compared to non-participants. Program participation was the most important factor in the path analysis. Second, the number of participating group, residential ownership and duration were important factors in the sense of community. This implies that urban farm programs should target house owners with long duration, in particular socially disadvantaged classes such as single-family and elderly household. Third, diverse cultural programs related to the regional society gained higher satisfaction than the simple agricultural educational programs.