• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.38-47
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to identify related factors of prenatal depression by stress-vulnerability and stress-coping models for pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design with a convenience sampling was used. A total of 107 pregnant women who visited a general hospital in a metropolitan city were recruited from August to October, 2013. A structured questionnaire included the Korean version of Beck Depression Inventory II, and the instruments measuring Self-Esteem, Marital Satisfaction, Pregnancy Stress, Stressful Life Events, and Coping. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Parson's correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The mean score of prenatal depression was $11.95{\pm}6.2$, then showing 19.6% with mild depression, 15.0% with moderate depression, and 0.9% with severe depression on BDI II scale. Prenatal depression had positive correlation with pregnancy stress (r=.55, p<.01), stressful life events (r=.26, p<.01) and negative correlation with self- esteem (r=-.38, p<.01), marital satisfaction (r=-.40, p<.01), and coping (r=-.21, p<.05). Factors of pregnancy stress, self-esteem, stressful life events, and planned pregnancy explained 38% of the total variance of prenatal depression. Conclusion: These findings show that health providers need to assess prenatal depression and to control the influencing factors.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.31-45
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was designed to develop a valid and reliable scale for the evaluation of preconception health behavior in women preparing for pregnancy. Methods: The initial strategy included a literature review, interviews, and construction of a conceptual framework. The preliminary items were evaluated twice for content validity by experts, and modified two preliminary investigations. Participants in the 2 main investigations and the confirmation investigation were tested for reliability and validity of the preliminary scale in women preparing for pregnancy. The data were analyzed for different items exploratory and confirmatory factors. Results: The 5-point Likert scale consisted of 6 factors and 27 items. The 6-factors included 'hazardous substance factor,' 'medical management factor,' 'rest and sleep factor,' 'stress management factor,' 'information acquisition factor,' and 'resource preparation factor.' Goodness of fit of the final research model was very appropriate and based on the following measures: Q=1.98, comparative fit index=.91, Tucker-lewis index=.89, standardized root mean square residual=.07, and root mean square error of approximation=.07. The criterion validity was .64. The reliability coefficient was .92 and the test-retest reliability was .61. Conclusion: The study findings indicate that the scale can be used for the development of nursing interventions to promote preconception health behavior in women preparing for pregnancy.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.143-153
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• 2019

Purpose: We aimed to examine the correlations between pregnancy experience and attitude regarding weight change during pregnancy. Methods: This correlative study was conducted from July 2017 to October 2017 by involving 156 primigravida women who were over pregnancy 20 weeks in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do province. Data were collected using a questionnaire, which included questions on demographic data, experience during pregnancy, and attitude regarding weight change during pregnancy. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Also, independent t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients were used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.62 years and their score of attitude regarding weight gain during pregnancy was low. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between the pregnancy experience and attitude regarding weight gain during pregnancy in primigravida women. Conclusion: As a result of analyzing the correlation between pregnancy experience and attitude towards weight gain during pregnancy, it is apparent that attitudes toward weight change are different according to experience during pregnancy in women. Based on these results, it can be concluded that nursing intervention programs are necessitated to enhance the attitude of pregnant primigravida women towards pregnancy and weight gain.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2010

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare day 3 embryo transfer (D3ET) with day 5 ET (D5ET) in fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: We conducted a retrospective matched case control study that included 90 women with D3ET and 90 women with D5ET from January 2007 to June 2009. Subjects were matched for reproductive profiles and IVF cycle characteristics. Two good quality embryos were transferred in both groups. Pregnancy rates (PR), implantation rate, and multiple PR were compared. Results: Demographics, stimulation parameters and embryological data were comparable in both groups. Main pregnancy outcomes with D3ET and D5ET groups were not statistically different: implantation rate (39.4% vs. 32.8%), positive PR (57.8% vs. 46.7%), clinical PR (53.3% vs. 45.6%), ongoing PR (50.0% vs. 42.2%), respectively. Both groups showed high multiple PR (37.5% vs. 34.1). Conclusion: D5ET may not be beneficial and necessary in comparison with D3ET on pregnancy outcomes, and elective single ET should be considered to decrease multiple pregnancies in women with favorable conditions and good quality embryos undergoing IVF.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.51-73
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• 2010

This study starts with the question raised from the perspective of marriage migrant women's pregnancy, childbirth and childcare policies. In other words, the study starts with the basic perspective that policies concerning the childbirth and childcare of marriage migrant women should be looked at from both gender-specific as well as a multicultural-specific perspective. In this context, the study examines the policy issues concerning childbirth and childcare of marriage migrant women from these two different perspectives as well as focuses on the current statistical data of childbirth amongst marriage migrant women. Next, the study examines the childbirth and childcare policies for marriage migrant women and proposes improvements in future policy developments. According to the study results, it is revealed that although there has been an increase in policies regarding pregnancy, childbirth and childcare, there needs to be a new direction and policy improvements in four areas from a gender perspective. Next, the results of the study indicate as a minority group, childbirth and childcare policies for marriage migrant women should take into account the various cultural backgrounds and differences from the following multicultural perspective.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.72-84
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for the development of forest therapy programs for subfertile women. This exploratory study identifies the emotional characteristics of subfertile women and the demands for forest therapy according to the emotional characteristics and provides basic data for the development and operation of forest therapy programs. This study surveyed 200 subfertile women who visited a subfertility hospital in Seoul on 33 items of subfertile women's emotional characteristics and requirements of forest therapy programs. We conducted the frequency analysis, cross-analysis, and one-way ANOVA to determine the correlation and importance between the emotional characteristics of subfertile women and the demands for forest therapy programs using the SPSS 21.0 program. Emotional traits of subfertile women included pressure on pregnancy, anxiety/fear, depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, sadness, shame/guilt, impatience/frustration, and anger/hypersensitivity. Of these traits, pressure on pregnancy, depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, sadness, anger/hypersensitivity, and anxiety/fear were particularly high among subfertile women. The demands for forest therapy programs also differed according to the emotional characteristics of subfertile women. There was a significant difference in the operation mode of the subfertile couple's forest therapy program according to the pressure, shame, and guilt of pregnancy. There was a significant difference in the experience of participating in a program according to anxiety and fear and in the reason for not being able to participate in the forest therapy program according to depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, and sadness. There was a significant difference in couples participating the in the forest therapy program according to impatience and frustration. There was a significant difference in the experience of participating in the forest therapy program and the effect of self-help groups through the forest therapy program for subfertile women according to anger and hypersensitivity. We expect that the results of this study would be useful as the reference data for developing forest therapy programs for the improvement of the mental health of subfertile women.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.28-37
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• 2022

Pregnancy requires an important interpretation of thyroid function tests. The presence of anti-thyroid antibodies and viral infectious agents affect the health of both the fetus and the mother. Hence, a selective evaluation of thyroid function in pregnancy is required. This study is a retrospective cross-sectional survey to examine the correlation between thyroid hormones and viral infections during pregnancy. The results showed that the triiodothyronine (T3) decreased with increasing age, especially in the hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive group (P<0.01). In addition, although negative for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), thyroxine (FT4) showed a significant increase in near-threshold or twin pregnant women (P<0.05). The thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was highly distributed at the age of 30, and there was no statistically significant correlation with other viral infection factors. In addition, as a result of dividing and analyzing the result of TSH by the quantiles, FT4 and T3 showed a positive correlation but showed a negative correlation with TSH (P<0.05). Therefore, the evaluation of prenatal thyroid screening during pregnancy and viral infection factors should reflect the time of pregnancy, exposure to infection, and the quantitative values. Adequate thyroid hormone and viral infections availability is important for an uncomplicated pregnancy and optimal fetal development.

• 산업보건소식
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• no.43
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• pp.24-27
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• 1987

여성근로자들이 작업장에서 당면하게 되는 건강문제들은 주로 화학적환경, 물리적환경, 육체적인 근력을 필요로 하는 작업 등으로 구분되어 다루어지고 있다. 이들 중에서도 특히 연(lead) 과 유기용제 그리고 고열등은 이들에 대한 남성과 여성의 감수성이 다르다는 일반적인 견해들로 인하여 대표적으로 다루어지는 작업장 유해인자 들이다. 동시에 해부학적인 체격의 차이로 인하여 발생되는 근력 및 심폐기능과 관련된 지수들의 차이 역시 특히 물건을 다루는 작업(manual ha­ndling job)들에서는 문제시될 수 있으며 월경 및 임신도 작업수행능력에 영향을 줄 수 있으리라는 것이 일반적인 생각이다. 이들 요인들이 실제로 어느정도 남녀에 대하여 다른 영향을 즐길 수 있는지를 개략적으로 살펴 보면 다음과 같다.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present a procedure for developing a PBL package and to provide the example of its application. Method: In this study, the PBL package was proposed based on the integrated curricular under maternity nursing. The PBL package model proposed by Little was applied to this study. Result: The procedure for developing the PBL package includes course objectives, learning objectives, concept mapping, situation scenario, tutor guide, and evaluation method. Clinical scenarios used in 3 PBL packages were composed of a pregnant women, a childbirth women, and a postpartum women. The Eight detailed steps are given in this study. Conclusion: Through these findings, the steps might be easier and more useful for nurse professionals to begin using the PBL package in maternity nursing. In addition, the steps will actively contribute to imply the PBL in nursing education.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 2009

Objective: To investigate the prevalence, the distribution of deciduosis, and the relationship with endometriosis in fertile women during Cesarean delivery. Methods: In this study, pelvic tissues suspicious for ectopic deciduas were taken for biopsy during Cesarean section from 154 parturients of full term pregnancy from January 1990 to December 2003. And then those patients were followed up till April 2008. Results: Tissues from 94 parturients (94/154, 61%) were evaluated histopathologically, and ectopic decidua was observed in 70.2% (66/94). Ectopic sites were ovaries only (65/94, 69.1%), ovaries and uterine serosa (12/94, 12.8%), uterine serosa only (9/94, 9.6%), and pelvic serosa. Twenty seven (27/66, 40.9%) parturients had past history of diagnosis and treatments for endometriosis. We have tried to connect 39 (39/66, 59.1%) patients who had never been diagnosed for endometriosis but pathologically confirmed for deciduosis, and 18 patients were able to contact by phone. Twelve patients (12/18, 66.6%) showed no symptoms of endometriosis and had not received any treatments for endometriosis. Conclusion: We can conclude that most of incidental cases confirmed pathologically for deciduosis during pregnancy do not symptomatically progress.