• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 1994

Two types of sunshine recorders, Jordan and bimetal, were used for measuring the duration of sunshine and percentage of sunshine in Weather Forecast Offices(WFO) and Weather Observation Stations(WOS) in Korea, respectively.These two gauges showed different values in each element observation. To evaluate the solar energy resources by duration and percentage of sunshine, relevant parameter should be adapted to use the two kinds of data for zoning of agricultural climatic area and comparison of regional solar energy distributions. In this respect, the correlation and distribution pattern were found by analyzing data from the two types of sunshine recorders. The results were as follows. The monthly duration of sunshine by the Jordan type was $50{\sim}60$ hours lower than the bimetal type and its value in May was the highest in a year. The percentage of sunshine by the Jordan type was $5{\sim}10%$ lower than the bimetal type. The seasonal difference of sunshine hour data by two types of sunshine recorder became small in winter but large in summer. Standard deviation of monthly duration of sunshine of WFO and WOS was $11{\sim}32$ and $17{\sim}25$ hours and percentage of sunshine was $3{\sim}11$ and $4{\sim}9$ % respectively. The range of deviation in WOS data was smaller than WFO. The highest distribution of duration and percentage of sunshine was in the Southern Coastal Area, whereas the lowest in the Central North Western Area.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.233-241
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• 2016

Experiments were carried out to quantify the topographic effects on attenuation of sunshine in complex terrain and the results are expected to help convert the coarse resolution sunshine duration information provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) into a detailed map reflecting the terrain characteristics of mountainous watershed. Hourly shaded relief images for one year, each pixel consisting of 0 to 255 brightness value, were constructed by applying techniques of shadow modeling and skyline analysis to the 3m resolution digital elevation model for an experimental watershed on the southern slope of Mt. Jiri in Korea. By using a bimetal sunshine recorder, sunshine duration was measured at three points with different terrain conditions in the watershed from May 15, 2015 to May 14, 2016. The brightness values of the 3 corresponding pixel points on the shaded relief map were extracted and regressed to the measured sunshine duration, resulting in a brightness-sunshine duration response curve for a clear day. We devised a method to calibrate this curve equation according to sky condition categorized by cloud amount and used it to derive an empirical model for estimating sunshine duration over a complex terrain. When the performance of this model was compared with a conventional scheme for estimating sunshine duration over a horizontal plane, the estimation bias was improved remarkably and the root mean square error for daily sunshine hour was 1.7hr, which is a reduction by 37% from the conventional method. In order to apply this model to a given area, the clear-sky sunshine duration of each pixel should be produced on hourly intervals first, by driving the curve equation with the hourly shaded relief image of the area. Next, the cloud effect is corrected by 3-hourly 'sky condition' of the KMA digital forecast products. Finally, daily sunshine hour can be obtained by accumulating the hourly sunshine duration. A detailed sunshine duration distribution of 3m horizontal resolution was obtained by applying this procedure to the experimental watershed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.1276-1279
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• 2004

수문순환 과정에서 증발산은 물이 유역으로부터 제거되는 주요 기작으로서, 증발산에 중요한 역할을 하는 식물은 지구 육지 표면의 약 $70\%$ 정도를 점유하고 있으며, 생태계의 가장 중요한 구성인자로서, 식물의 종류 및 군집의 공간적 분포유형, 생육주기 및 형태적 변화 등과 같은 정보들은 그 지역의 기후, 토양, 지질, 지리적 특성을 밝히는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 식생관련 정보 중 엽면적 지수란 단위지표면적당 총 엽면적의 비를 나타내는 것으로 환경생태, 기상, 수문분야에서 다양하게 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Landsat 위성영상과 DEM 등의 GIS 자료를 이용하여 지형적인 요소를 고려하여 유역의 증발산량을 분포형으론 산정하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 연구대상유역은 한강의 제1지류인 경안천유역으로 하였고, 증발산량 산정에 필요한 기상자료는 월평균기온, 수평면일사량, 상대습도를 이용하였고, 일사량비와 일조시간비 계산을 위해 위도별에 따른 총일조시간과 월평균일사량을 계산하였다. 잠재증발산량 산정은 Penman-Monteith식을 이용하여 산정하였으며, 식생지수와 밀접한 관계가 있는 LAI를 고려하여 산정하였다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 1989

Seasonal climatic factors associated with tobacco quality grade and production rate were analyzed. The degree of influence on yield distribution rate in high guality tobacco leaues was highly positive with the average temperature in early May, but negatively related to those in late May and early June. Positive correlations were noticed between the degree of influence and sunshine hours in Middle June, late June and late May in decrease order, while negative degree of influence was higher in early May than in late May, The order influenced by recipitation in a positive direction was early May, late May and middle May. Negative influence was noticed in middle and early June with a great degree.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 1995

To find out the relationship between duration of sunshine and mean air temperature, monthly climatic data were analyzed in several locations in Korea. Even though mean air temperature was high in summer, duration of sunshine was shorter than winter in Kangneung. Net radiation showed a positive correlation with duration of sunshine and its regression coefficient was the highest in July. An increasing rate of sensible heat flux according to the increment of sunshine hours was significantly high in April and October, but was low in July. In spring and fall, duration of sunshine was positively correlated with the daily temperature difference, but in summer and winter it was negatively correlated with maximum temperature and with the minimum temperature, respectively. In January, one hour increase in sunshine hour lowered the mean air temperature by 1 to $1.7^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.61-64
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• 1976

Experiments had been carried out in Suweon area from 1972 to 1973 to determine the seasonal fluctuation of Pseudodendrothrips mori NIWA using direct counts and to know the effects of chemicals for its control. 1. The fluctuation of mulberry thrips was especially influenced by precipitation and number of hours with sunshine in the meteological conditions. The peaks of fluctuation occurred several times but the highest peak occurred in late August. 2. The mulberry thrips was distributed in the range of the 4th to 16th leaves from the apex in a branch. The highest density leaves were 6th to 12th. 3. Orthene, Metasystox were the most effects on the mulberry thrips.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.48-56
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• 2011

Since the horizontal global radiation and hours of bright sunshine are a main factor for designing photovoltaic system, it is necessary to evaluate its characteristics all over the country. The work presented here are the investigation of horizontal global radiation and hours of bright sunshine in Korea. The data utilized in the investigation consist of horizontal global radiation and hours of bright sunshine collected for 28years(1982.12~2009.12) at measuring stations across the country. The analysis shows that the annual-average daily horizontal global radiation is3.61kWh/m2 and the annual-average daily hours of bright sunshineis 5.1 Hrs in Korea. We also constructed the contour map of hours of horizontal global radiation and hours of bright sunshine in Korea by interpolating actually measured data across the country.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.391-396
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• 2005

Red tide(harmful algae) in the Korean Coastal Waters has a given a great damage to the fishery every year. However, the aim of our study understands the influence of meteorological factors (air and water tempaerature, precipitation, sunshine, solar radiation, winds) relating to the mechanism of red tide occurrence and monitors red tide by satellite remote sensing, and analyzes the potential area for red tide occurrence by GIS. The meteorological factors have directly influenced on red tide formation. Thus, We want to predict and apply to red tide formation from statistical analyses on the relationships between red tide formation and meteorological factors. In future, it should be realized the near real time monitoring for red tide by the development of remote sensing technique and the construction of integrated model by the red tide information management system (the data base of red tide - meteorological informations).

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2012

Eupatilin, one of representative medical components of mugwort, can be efficiently extracted from the 'Gangwha Sajabalssuk'. The Eupatilin content may depend on environmental factors such as soil and regional climate in addition to a genetic factor and Gangwha region has a profitable environmental condition for the mugwort growth. In this study, the climatological characteristics of Gangwha was analyzed in order to find the environmental condition of mugwort containing high Eupatilin in term of atmospheric, oceanographic and land variables. The climate of Gangwha is characterized by the relatively low daily temperature and large diurnal variation with plenty of solar radiation, long sunshine duration and less cloudiness. According to our correlation analysis, the long sunshine duration and the large diurnal temperature variation are highly correlated with the Eupatilin contents. The result implies that Gangwha has the favorable conditions for the cultivation and the habitat of the high-Eupatilin concentrated mugwort. Because of the sea surrounding Gangwha Island with low salinity and moderate wind, the salt contained in sea breeze is relatively low compared to other regions. Furthermore, Gangwha has clean atmospheric environment compared to other regions because the concentrations of toxic gases harmful to crop growth such as nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$), sulfite gas ($SO_2$) and fine dust (PM-10) are lower in the air. The ozone ($O_3$) concentration is moderate and within the level of natural production. It is also found that moderately coarse texture or fine loamy soils known as good for water drainage and for the growth and cultivation of the 'Gangwha-mugwort' are distributed throughout the areas around mountainous districts in Gangwha, coinciding with those of mugwort habitat.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.500-500
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• 2013

특정한 유기 물질에 전류를 인가했을 때 발광을 하는 특성을 이용한 Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED)는 뛰어난 색재현성, 적은 전력소모, 간단한 제조공정, 넓은 시야각 등으로 인해 PDP, LCD, LED에 이은 차세대 디스플레이 소자로 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 하지만 OLED는 각기 다른 굴절률을 가지는 다층구조로 되어있어 실질적으로 소자 밖으로 나오는 빛은 원래 생성된 빛의 20% 정도 밖에 되지 않는다. 이러한 광 손실을 줄이기 위해 Photonic Crystal (PC)이나 마이크로 렌즈 어레이(MLA) 부착 등과 같이 특정한 크기를 갖는 주기적인 나노 구조물을 이용한 광추출 효율 상승 방법은 특정 파장의 빛에서만 효과가 있는 한계가 있었으며 고가의 공정과정을 거쳐야 했으므로 OLED 소자의 가격 향상에 일조하였다. 이의 해결을 위해 본 연구는 유리기판 위에 랜덤한 분포를 가지는 나노 구조물 제작 공정법을 제안한다. 먼저 유리기판 위에 스퍼터로 금속 박막을 입혀 이를 Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) 공정을 이용하여 랜덤한 분포의 Island를 가지는 마스크를 제작하였다. 그 후 플라즈마 식각을 이용하여 유리기판에 나노 구조물을 형성하였고 기판 위에 남아있는 마스크는 Ultrasonic cleaning을 이용하여 제거하였다. 제작된나노구조물은 200~300 nm의 높이와 약 200 nm 폭을 가지고 있다. 제작된 유리기판의 OLED 소자로의 적용가능성을 알아보기 위한 광학특성 조사결과는 300~900 nm의 파장영역에서 맨유리와 거의 비슷한 수직 투과율을 보이면서 최대 50%정도의 Diffusion 비율을 나타내고 있고 임계각(41도) 이상의각도에서 인가된 빛의 투과율에 대해서도 향상된 결과를 보여주고 있다. 제안된 공정의 전체과정 기존의 PC, MLA 등의 공정에 비해 난이도가 쉽고 저가로 진행이 가능하며 추후 OLED 소자에 적용될 시 대량생산에 적합한 후보로 보고 있다.