• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.223-249
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• 2007

This study is intended to investigate if the standard of vocational rehabilitation service could be solely determined by medical standard for disability definement and to find out what alternatives are available to resolve practical problems for those who are not identified as the severely disabled by the disability definement but do experience severe handicaps at work. Through the literature review, the researcher argued that the concept of 'functional limitation' would be a criteria, and thereby applied Modified Barthel Index to measure the degree of functional limitation. In view of researching the relationship among physical impairment, functional limitation, and job status based on 381 cerebral palsied, variables such as the type of cerebral palsy and the part of paralysis, have neither direct nor indirect influence to the job status; however, the pain and the mobility have indirect effects, and the ability of self-management has direct effect on the job status. The researcher concluded that future research about disabilities needs to provide a serious thought on what it is to be defined as 'disabilities', as well as to focus on further research conceptualizing the degree of physical 'functional limitation'.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.119-135
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of bimanual intensive training on Upper Extremity Function and activities of daily living in stroke patients. Methods : The subjects were 18 patients who were diagnosed with hemiplegic stroke. They were randomly assigned to bimanual intensive training group (n=9) and unilateral intensive group (n=9). Bimanual training group performed bimanual task and unilateral training group performed one hand task for 1 hour per session, 5 times a week, for 4 weeks. Chi-square test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for analysis. Results : The results showed that, upper extremity motor function and bimanual coordination were significantly improved in patients in the bimanual training group (p<.05). Additionally, the ratio of affected hand use and amount of use/quality of movement in the hemiplegic upper extremity in activities of daily living for patients in the bimanual training group were significantly improved (p<.05). Although the unilateral group improved motor upper extremity function and activities of daily living in the upper extremity (p<.05), it was not significantly different from that in the bimanual training group. In between-group comparison, bimanual coordination and ratio of the affected hand use in a day were significantly different (p<.05). Conclusion : It is reasonable to conclude that bimanual intensive training therapy is an effective intervention method to improve upper extremity motor function, and activities of daily living in stroke patients.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.41-51
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of virtual reality-based activities of daily living (ADL) training on ADL and rehabilitative motivation in patients with traumatic brain injury. Methods : This study was performed using a pre-post design with seven traumatically brain injured patients. Subjects were subjected to virtual reality-based ADL training for 30 minutes a day, 2 to 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Evaluation was conducted before and after the intervention using the Korean Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), Cognitive Functional Independence Measure (C-FIM), and Volitional Questionnaire (VQ). Changes before and after intervention were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and correlations were analyzed using Spearman's coefficient. Results : After intervention, patients with traumatic brain injury showed significant improvements in K-MBI (p<.05). There was no significant change in total C-FIM score and VQ score (p>.05). Total C-FIM score correlated significantly with VQ score (p<.05, r=.755). The social cognition domain of C-FIM had a significant correlation with VQ score (p<.05, r=826). Conclusions : Virtual reality-based ADL training can improve ADL performance, but further research is needed to determine whether improvements in social cognition and rehabilitative motivation are possible.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.72-82
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of health status and health management on activities of daily living (ADL) in older, urban-dwelling Koreans. Methods: A total of 206 subjects were recruited from one senior welfare center, six senior citizen centers, and subjects' home in two cities. Data was collected with self-reported questionnaires in order to measure health management, health status, and ADL. Data was analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple linear regression using SPSS/WIN 22.0. Results: ADL in this subject were different depending on their age, education, marital status, type of family, and average monthly living expenses. Multivariate analysis showed that age (${\beta}=-0.35$, p<.001), exercise ability (${\beta}=0.20$, p<.001), diabetes (${\beta}=-0.17$, p<.001), osteoarthritis (${\beta}=-0.15$, p<.001), caregiver (${\beta}=0.14$, p=.005), frequency of health management (${\beta}=-0.13$, p=.006), smoking (${\beta}=-0.11$, p=.019), hypertension (${\beta}=-0.10$, p=.027), and type of family (${\beta}=-0.10$, p=.036) were significantly associated with ADL. Overall, approximately 60.2% of total variability in ADL could be explained by the 11 variables in this model ($R^2=0.602$, F=32.06, p<.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that individualized health care should be continued for older, community-dwelling Koreans in order to improve their ADL. Moreover, we need to develop self-care programs and encourage them to participate in those programs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.215-224
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to identify the facility adaptation characteristics, and the relationship between facility adaptation and the potential affective factors; ADL, self-efficacy, and quality of care facility, and to identify the affective factors on facility adaptation for elders in long-term care facility. Data were collected from 177 none dementia elders over 65 in 9 long-term care facilities from Jan.2, 2011 to March 15, 2011. The data were analysed through t/F test, correlation coefficient, and multiple regression (stepwise). The major findings of this study were as follow; Facility adaptation shows significant difference from admission decision maker(p=.004), religion(p=.027), and motive of admission(p=.009). And facility adaptation has weakly correlated with ADL and quality of care facility. The affective adaptation factors were decision maker, motive of admission, personal interview, religion, and perceived health status, but showed 22.8% of explanation. Thus the findings from this study could be used as bases for nursing intervention supporting elders' care facility adaptation.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.91-120
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• 2017

This study aimed (a) to examine the association between chronic illness and multidimensional disability(i.e., psychological/emotional functions, activity capacity, and participation frequency) among older adults with disabilities, (b) to investigate the effect of formal and informal supports on multidimensional disability, and (c) to analyze the moderating effects of formal and informal supports on the association between chronic illness and multidimensional disability. This study used 2014 Korea Welfare Panel Study(the 9th wave) data and 450 older adults with disabilities aged 50 and over were selected as the study target. The research model was analyzed by structural equation modeling using IBM AMOS 22.0. Based on the ICF framework developed by WHO, health condition was measured by the level of chronic illness; psychological/emotional functions were measured by health satisfaction, self-esteem, and depression; activity capacity was measured by ADLs and IADLs; participation frequency was measured by the total number of social activities joined; formal support was measured by the total number of formal welfare services for people with disabilities utilized; informal support was measured by perceived social support. The findings showed that the level of chronic illness was negatively associated with psychological/emotional functions among the older adults with disabilities. The informal support positively affected psychological/emotional functions and activity capacity, whereas the formal support showed the opposite result. That is, the formal support negatively influenced activity capacity and showed a moderating effect on the association between the level of chronic illness and the psychological/emotional functions in a reverse way. Based on the results, practice and policy implications for alleviating disability level among the older adults with disabilities were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.691-700
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a computerized cognitive training on older adults affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in terms of cognitive function, depression, self-esteem, and activities of daily living (ADL). Methods: This study used a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. A total of 53 older adults who reside in long-term care facilities were recruited, 26 subjects for an experimental group and 27 subjects for a control group. A computerized cognitive training was performed for 20~40 minutes/day, three days/week for ten weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 21.0 with $x^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test. Results: Scores of MMSE (t=3.30, p=.002), depression (t=-2.15, p=.036), and self-esteem (t=2.76, p=.008) were significantly better in the experimental group than the control group. However, the difference in ADL (t=-1.01, p=.316) was not significant between the two groups. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the computerized cognitive training can be used as an effective nursing intervention to improve cognitive function and self-esteem and lower depression among older adults with MCI.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.321-329
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effect of virtual reality training focus on ADL on upper extremity function and activities of daily living in stroke patients. 20 patients with chronic stroke were included in this study. The participants were divided into the experimental (n=10) or control (n=10) groups. Both groups received conventional rehabilitation therapy for 30 min a day, 5 times per week for 4 weeks. The experimental group also performed virtual reality training focus on ADL for 30 min a day, and the control group performed general virtual reality training for 30 min a day. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores were evaluated before and after the intervention, and both groups showed significant improvement (p<.05). Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed significant improvement in the FMA wrist score and the FIM total, self-care, and sphincter control scores (p<.05). These findings suggest that virtual reality training focus on ADL may have a positive effect on wrist function and overall ADLs compared to that using general virtual reality training in stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study is intended to provide useful information about the disability evaluation indicators, the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) as a measurement tool for assessing the ability to perform activities of daily living through the correlation between the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Methods : The subject was 82 children with cerebral palsy. The validity was aexamined by calculation of correlation between the Modified Barthel Index (MBI), the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Results : There were a good significant correlation between the MBI and MACS (r = -.765, p <0.001), the MBI and the GMFCS (r = -.851, p < 0.001) and the MACS and the GMFCS (r = .615, p <0.001). Conclusion : The close correlation between the MBI that is used as the basis of grading cerebral palsy and high reliability and validity of the MACS, GMFCS suggest that disability evaluation indicators, the MBI could be useful for children with disabilities.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.853-869
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate variables affecting subjective memory impairment in the elderly with benign prostatic hyperplasia. We used 179 survey data collected from the urology department of two metropolitan general hospitals. The subjects were patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. T-test, one-way analysis of variance, and $Scheff{\acute{e}}^{\prime}s$ test were performed to identify differences among variables. Pearson's correlation-coefficient and stepwise multiple regression were used to identify variables that affect subjective memory impairment. This study revealed that lower urinary tract symptom and activities of daily living were statistically significant variables, with an explanatory power of 30.0%. The lower urinary tract symptom was due to the benign prostatic hyperplasia increasing the risk of subjective memory impairment. Treatment of the lower urinary tract symptom was delayed because as the elderly got older, they increasingly recognized benign prostatic hyperplasia as a reasonable symptom. Timely intervention and early screening are necessary to prevent lower urinary tract symptom. Finally, programs to reduce the incidence of lower urinary tract symptom and educate nurses to assess, evaluate, perform intervention for subjective memory impairment should be developed.