• Title/Summary/Keyword: 일방항로

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우리나라의 공역관리 개선방안

  • 박근혜
    • Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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    • 1998.10b
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    • pp.453-453
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    • 1998
  • 우리나라가 관할하는 공역의 넓이는 약 40만$\textrm{km}^2$로 주한미군이 1952년부터, 국방부가 1958년부터 관리해 오다가 1995년에 건설교통부가 공역관리 업무를 인수하였다. 우리나라의 공역(대구 FIR)에는 비행금지구역, 비행제한구역, 위험구역, 경제구역, 훈련구역, 군작전구역 등 무려 114개의 특수목적 공역이 설정되어 있어 민항공기의 운항이 자유롭지 못하다. 또한 내륙을 중심으로 14개의 접근관제규역이 설정되어 있고 각기 관할구역에 대하여 배타적인 권리를 행사함으로써 신공항건설에 따라 운항이 필요한 소요공역 확보에도 애로가 많은 실정이다. 항로는 국내항로 5개, 국제항로 11개 등 모두 16개의 항로를 운영하고 있으나 대부분 한 개의 항로를 양방향으로 운영하고 있어 교통량 처리가 어려운 실정이고 항공교통량 전체의 75%가 수도권으로 집중되는 현상이 나타나 안전도 확보에도 지장을 주고 있다. 우리나라는 군사적 특수성 때문에 군의 작전비행 활동이 상당히 많으나 관제 및 비행절차에 관한 규정을 군과 민이 각각 달리 운영하고 있는 문제점들이 있다. 금번 세미나에서는 군의 작전활동을 유지하면서 민 항공의 안전성, 경제성 등을 확보하기 위하여 1)국제민간항공기가 제정한 공역등급화(ATS Air Space Spacification)방안, 2)접근관제구역의 조정개선 방안 3)특수공역의 합리적 운영방안, 4)항로의 적선화, 복수의 일방통행 항로 확보 및 국제연결 항로의 다양한 방안, 5)군민간의 관제규정의 일원화 방안 등을 제안하고자 한다.

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A Study on the Optimal Span Width in the Bridge Main Span of Incheon 2nd Bridge (1) Evaluation on the Optimal Main Span Width according to Traffic Volume and Ship Maneuverability (인천항 제2연륙교 주경간의 적정 교각폭 결정에 관한 연구 (1) 교통량 측면과 선박 조종성 측면에서의 소요 교각폭 산정)

  • Koo Ja-Yun;Kim Seok-Jae;Jang Eun-Kyu;Kim Se-Won
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.175-181
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    • 2004
  • A construction project of Incheon 2nd bridge, which is connected between the Incheon Song-Do New Town and the Incheon International Airport in Young-Jong-Do, have been proposed by the private capital in 1999. But the optimal span width in the bridge main span have not been decided in spite of the three investigations into the feasibility of ship's safe transit in this planned bridge. In this paper, we study the optimal main span width according to the traffic volume in the future traffic and the ship maneuverability of maximum size aspect. The result cf this study, Incheon 2nd bridge main span design is required to design two-way traffic scheme and 1,000m span width, which will satisfy the safe transit from the viewpoint of the traffic volume in the future traffic and the ship maneuverability maximum size.

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A Study on the Optimal Width of the Main Span in the 2nd Bridge of Incheon(1) Evaluation on the Optimal Width of the Main Span according to Traffic Volume and Ship Maneuverability (인천항 제2연륙교 적정 주경간 폭 결정에 관한 연구(1) 교통량 측면과 선박 조종성 측면에서의 소요 교각폭 산정)

  • Koo Ja-Yun;Kim Seok-Jae;Jang Eun-Kyu;Kim Se-Won
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.28 no.10 s.96
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    • pp.933-940
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    • 2004
  • A construction project of Incheon 2nd bridge, which is connected between the Incheon Song-Do New Town and the Incheon International Airport in Young-Jong-Do, has been proposed by the private capital in 1999. But the optimal width of the main span has not been decided in spite of the three investigations into the feasibility of ship's safe transit in this planned bridge. In this paper, we study the optimal width of the main span according to the traffic volume in the future traffic and the ship maneuverability of maximum size aspect. The result of this study, the channel in the main span of Incheon 2nd bridge is required to design two-way traffic scheme and the width of 1,000m, which will satisfy the safe transit from the viewpoint of the traffic volume in the future traffic and the ship maneuverability of maximum size.

A Study on Decision of Minimum Required Channel Width Considering Ship Types by Fast Time Simulation (배속 시뮬레이션 기반의 선종별 최소 항로 폭에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hyun-suk;Lee, Yun-sok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.309-316
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    • 2020
  • Waterway design should prioritize appropriate channel width to ensure preferential safe passage for the arrival and departure of vessels. To calculate the minimum channel width required for safe passage a comprehensive review of several factors is required. These factors include vessel maneuverability, determined by vessel size, type and speed; environmental factors such as wind, tide, and wave action; human factors, including personal experience and operator judgment as well as marine traffic and navigation support facilities for decision making. However, the Korean channel width design standard is based only on vessel length, and requires improvement when compared with the standards of PIANC, USA, and Japan. This study aims to estimate the appropriate channel width required for one-way traffic in a straight channel, considering various vessel and environmental factors, using Fast Time Simulation (FTS). When the wind speed is 25 knots, with a current speed of 2 knots and a normal vessel speed of 10 knots FTS shows that a 150K GT Cruise Ship requires a minimum channel width of 0.67-0.91 the vessel length (L), whereas a 120K TEU Container Ship and a 300K DWT VLCC require 0.79-1.17 and 1.02-1.59, respectively. Such results can be used to calculate the minimum channel width required for safe passage as an improved Korean design standard.

A Study on the Optimal Span Width In the Bridge Main Span of Incheon 2nd Bridge (2) Economic Analysis on Port Operational Efficiency according to Traffic Schemes in the Bridge Main Span of Incheon 2nd Bridge (인천항 제2연륙교 주경간의 적정 교각폭 결정에 관한 연구 (2) 제2연륙교 주경간의 통항방식에 따른 항만운영효율의 경제성 분석)

  • Koo Ja-Yun;Kim Seok-Jae;Jang Eun-Kyu
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.337-342
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    • 2004
  • A construction project of Incheon 2nd bridge, which is connected between the Incheon Song-Do New Town and the Incheon International Airport in Young-Jong-Do, have been proposed by the private capital in 1999. But the optimal span width in the bridge main span have not been decided in spite of the three investigations into the feasibility of ship's safe transit in this planned bridge. In this paper, we study the economic analysis on port operational efficiency according to traffic schemes, me-way or two-way of vessels over 10,000G/T, in the bridge main span of this bridge. In this comparative result, total queueing time due to the one-way in the bridge main span is evaluated 20,362 hours in 2011 and 24,544 hours in 2020. Therefore the demurrage cost and the accumulation cost of freight are evaluated 19.7 billion won in 2011, and 23.3 billion won in 2020, then total accumulated costs during 33 years from 2008 until 2040 are evaluated about 768..9 billion won.

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A Study on the Optimal Width of the Main Span In the 2nd Bridge of lncheon (2) Economic Analysis on Port Operation according to Traffic Schemes in the Main Span (인천항 제2연륙교 적정 주경간 폭 결정에 관한 연구 (2) 주경간의 통항방식에 따른 항만운영의 경제성 분석)

  • Koo Ja-Yun;Kim Seok- Jae;Jang Eun- Kyu
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.29 no.1 s.97
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    • pp.65-69
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    • 2005
  • A construction project of Incheon 2nd bridge, which is connected between the Incheon Song-Do New Town and the Incheon International Airport in Young-Jong-Do, has been proposed by the private capital in 1999. But the optimal width of the main span has not been decided in spite of the three investigations into the feasibility of ship's safe transit in this planned bridge. In this paper, we study the economic analysis on port operational efficiency according to traffic schemes, one-way or two-way of vessels over 10,000G/T, in the main span of this bridge. In this comparative result, total queueing time due to the one-way in the bridge main span is evaluated 20,362 hours in 2011 and 24,544 hours in 2020. Therefore the demurrage cost and the accumulation cost of freight are evaluated 19.7 billion won in 2011, and 23.3 billion won in 2020, then total accumulated costs during 33 years from 2008 until 2040 are evaluated about 768.9 billion won.

부산신항 진출입 항로 내 선박 통항 안전성 향상에 관한 연구

  • 최봉권;박영수;김니은;김소라;박현구;신동수
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2022.11a
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    • pp.145-146
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    • 2022
  • 물동량 증가로 인하여 부산신항에는 극초대형 컨테이너 선박들이 입항하고 있으며 서컨테이너 부두 건설 사업이 완료되면 부산신항 진출입 항로 내 다양한 조우 상황 발생으로 충돌 위험 상황을 초래할 수 있어 선박 통항 안전성 향상 방안 마련을 위하여 부산신항 내 항만 입출항 현황과 해상교통흐름을 살펴보았으며, AHP 기법을 활용하여 위험요소 및 안전대책 식별로 도출된 안전대책을 기반으로 환경 스트레스 모델을 활용하여 해상교통류 시뮬레이션을 실시하여 각 안전대책의 교통 위험도를 파악하였다. 설문조사 및 시나리오 평가 결과, 선박운항자는 일방통행을 위한 진입금지 해역 설정을 가장 중요하게 생각하였으며, 이는 위험도 경감에 큰 효과가 있을 것으로 예상되었다, 본 연구는 부산신항을 입출항 하는 선박들의 통항 안전성 제고를 위한 안전대책 마련의 기반이 될 수 있을 것이다.

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A Study on the Safety Improvement of Vessel Traffic in the Busan New Port Entrance (부산신항 진출입 항로 내 선박 통항 안전성 향상에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Bong-kwon;Park, Young-soo;Kim, Nieun;Kim, Sora;Park, Hyungoo;Shin, Dongsu
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.321-330
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    • 2022
  • Busan New Port manages the largest volume of traffic among Korean ports, and accounts for 68.5% of the total volume of the Busan port. Due to this increase in volume, ultra large container ships call at Busan New Port. When the additional south container terminal as well as ongoing construction project of the west container terminal are completed, various encounters may occur at the Busan New Port entrance, which may cause collision risk.s Thus, the purpose of this study was to provide a plan to improve the safety of vessel traffic, in the in/out bound fairway of Busan New Port. For this purpose, the status of arrivals and departures of vessels in Busan New Port, was examined through maritime traffic flow analysis. Additionally, risk factors and safety measures were identified, by AHP analysis with ship operators of the study area. Also, based on the derived safety measures, scenarios were set using the Environmental Stress model (ES model), and the traffic risk level of each safety measure was identified through simulation. As a result, it is expected that setting the no entry area for one-way traffic would have a significant effect on mitigating risks at the Busan New Port entrance. This study can serve as a basis for preparing safety measures, to improve the navigation of vessels using Busan New Port. If safety measures are prepared in the future, it is necessary to verify the safety by using the traffic volume and flow changes according to the newly-opened berths.

Legal approach on uniliteral changing membership in the airlines' frequent flyer program (항공사의 상용고객우대제도 변경에 관한 법적 고찰 - 미국 연방대법원의 Northwest, Inc. v. Ginsberg사례를 중심으로 -)

  • Nam, Hyun-Sook;Choi, June-Sun
    • The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.65-94
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    • 2015
  • Since American Airlines launched AAdvantage which was the first Frequent Flyer Program in 1981, many people has accumulated mileage credits, and now, frequent flyer program(FFP) is the universal marketing tool to the airlines. These days, airlines establish a strategic alliance with domestic and foreign companies of various fields ; other airlines, travel agencies, car hire firms, hotels, department stores, even credit card companies. However, more people want to use their mileage credits, more airlines reject to approve that or change frequent flyer program against their customers. Last year, Northwest, Inc. v. Ginsberg, the United State Supreme Court made a decision that the preemption provision of Airlines Deregulation Act(ADA) preempts state laws related to rates, routes and services for air carriers including implied covenant of good faith and fare dealing. Thus, the claim of Ginsberg was canceled, it means that Northwest Inc. could terminated one-sidedly his membership in the frequent flyer program. In the contrast, Korea does not have the statute like ADA. If customers file a claim on FFP like Ginsberg, the courts of Korea judge whether the clauses of standard form contract are unfair or not. Therefore, in this article, Ginsberg would be checked on legal issues and be compared briefly with the courts' ruling in Korea.

The Status of North Korean Airspace after Reunification (북한 공역의 통일 후 지위)

  • Kwon, Chang-Young
    • The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.287-325
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    • 2017
  • Considering the development of aerospace, military science and technology since the 20th century, the sky is very important for the nation's existence and prosperity. The proverb "Whosoever commands the space commands the world itself!" emphasizes the need for the command of the air. This essay is the first study on the status of airspace after reunification. First, the territorial airspace is over the territory and territorial sea, and its horizontal extent is determined by the territorial boundary lines. Acceptance of the present order is most reasonable, rather than attempting to reconfigure through historical truths about border issues, and it could be supported by neighboring countries in the reunification period. For peace in Northeast Asia, the reunified Korea needs to respect the existing border agreement between North Korea and China or Russia. However, the North Korean straight baselines established in the East Sea and the Yellow Sea should be discarded because they are not available under United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. It is desirable for the reunified Korea to redefine the straight baselines that comply with international law and determine the territorial waters up to and including the 12-nautical mile outside it. Second, the Flight Information Region (hereinafter "FIR") is a region defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (hereinafter "ICAO") in order to provide information necessary for the safe and efficient flight of aircraft and the search and rescue of aircraft. At present, Korea is divided into Incheon FIR which is under the jurisdiction of South Korea and Pyongyang FIR which is under the jurisdiction of North Korea. If North Korea can not temporarily exercise control of Pyongyang FIR due to a sudden change of circumstances, it is desirable for South Korea to exercise control of Pyongyang FIR, and if it is unavoidable, ICAO should temporarily exercise it. In reunified Korea, it is desirable to abolish Pyongyang FIR and integrate it into Incheon FIR with the approval of ICAO, considering systematic management and control of FIR, establishment of route, and efficiency of management. Third, the Air Defense Identification Zone (hereinafter "ADIZ") is a zone that requires easy identification, positioning, and control of aircraft for national security purposes, and is set up unilaterally by the country concerned. The US unilaterally established the Korea Air Defense Identification Area (KADIZ) by the Declaration of Commitment on March 22, 1951. The Ministry of Defense proclaimed a new KADIZ which extended to the area including IEODO on December 13, 2013. At present, North Korea's military warning zone is set only at maritime boundaries such as the East Sea and the Yellow Sea. But in view of its lack of function as ADIZ in relations with China and Russia, the reunified Korea has no obligation to succeed it. Since the depth of the Korean peninsula is short, it is necessary to set ADIZ boundary on the outskirts of the territorial airspace to achieve the original purpose of ADIZ. Therefore, KADIZ of the reunified Korea should be newly established by the boundary line that coincides with the Incheon FIR of the reunified Korea. However, if there is no buffer zone overlapping with or adjacent to the ADIZs of neighboring countries, military tensions may rise. Therefore, through bilateral negotiations for peace in Northeast Asia, a buffer zone is established between adjacent ADIZs.

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