• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2016

Objectives : This study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of Tongbi-san extract (TS) on RAW264.7 macrophages using by cell cytotoxicity, Nitric Oxide (NO) and Prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) production and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl ghdrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capability. Methods : Cell cytotoxicity was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The production of NO was measured by Griess assay. The production of $PGE_2$ was measured by immunoassay. And the anti-oxidant activity was measured by the DPPH method. Results : TS did not increased significantly compared to the TS untreated group in the cell cytotoxicity. TS inhibited NO and $PGE_2$ production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. TS had the DPPH free radical scavenging capability. Conclusion : The anti-inflammtory and anti-oxidant effects of TS may be use for a treatment of anti-inflammatory diseases.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate recent clinical studies on the effect of acupuncture on sore throat. Methods Based on the PubMed search with the key search terms of 'sore throat, acupuncture', dated from 1992 to 2015, 7 controlled trials and 8 case series was found, and were analyzed for this study. Results 1. The most commonly used acupoints were Quchi (LI11), and Hegu (LI4). 2. The most commonly used meridians were The Lung Meridian of Hand-Taiyin and The Large Intestine Meridian of Hand-Yangming. 3. Acupuncture treatment was effective for both acute and chronic sore throat. 4. More clinical studies are needed to prove the effectiveness of the acupuncture on sore throat. To be more objective on the study results, we can measure temperature drops on or amount of analgesic consumption for sore throat after acupuncture treatment.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

Objective : For various reasons, Obesity & Rhinitis are constantly rising. So Interest of treatment has been expanding. We want to verify The Chungyeol (fire extinguishing) Lisup (Draining) effect of Bangpungtongsungsan on obese model of allergy rhinitis.Material and Methods : BALB/c mouse were divided four groups: control(CON), allergic induction(ARE), Bangpungtongsungsan extract administration(BTT), Bangpungtongsungsan double concentration extract administration (BT2T). Every group except control group were caused allergic rhinitis by Ovalbumin. BTT & BT2T were orally administered the Bangpungtongsungsan for 21days. Since then we observed the liver tissue cell and the nasal mucous membrane.Results : In comparison with ARE, experimental groups show relief of the nasal mucous membrane damage(secretion of mucus decrease, Itching decrease), Th2 eruption control(IL-4 decline), effect of anti-inflamatory(reducing TNF-α creation, decreasing of iNOS through NF-κB activation-inhibition). In addition, experimental groups show a loss in weight, diminished accumulation of fat. (decreasing within liver tissue, reducing TNF-α creation) BT2T is more effective to BTT.Conclusion : Bangpungtongsungsan treat obese model on allergy rhinitis thereby control fat augmentation, relieving inflammation.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.145-155
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• 2020

Objectives : The aim of this study is to report the effect of Gagamtongchung-san and Korean medicine on the treatment of nummular eczema. Methods : A 52-year-old male had suffered from nummular eczema in forearm, dorsum manus and fossa cubitalis. We treated him with herbal medicine, acupuncture and herbal external medicine. In order to evaluate the results of these treatments, we observed pruritus and heat sensation of the patients and took photographs of the lesions. Results : After treatment, the nummular eczema lesions of patient was remarkably disappeared, NRS of pruritus and heat sensation decreased from 10 to under 2 and DLQI score changed from 28 to 9. Conclusions : According to the result, Gagamtongchung-san and Korean medicine can be effective for the treatment of nummular eczema and the improvement of quality-of-life.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제20권1호통권32호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate inhibitory effect of Gagamtongsung-San(GTS) on the cancer. Methods : This study estimated the cytotoxicity of GTS about L1210 and NIH3T3. We used GTS extract distilled with water, n-Hexane, Ethyl acetate and Butanol. The cytotoxicitys of GTS about cancer cells and normal cells were tested using a colorimetric tetrazoliun assay(MTT assay). Results : The results of this study were obtained as follow ; l. Cytotoxicity of water extract of GTS in L1210 cell lines was significantly increased, compared with NIH3T3. 2. n-Hexane fraction of GTS had similar cytotoxicity between L1210 and NIH3T3, and that have similar $IC_{50}$ of water extract of GTS at 276 ${\mu}g/ml$ 3. Ethyl acetate fraction of GTS had low degree cytotoxicity both L1210 and NIH3T3 cell lines. 4. Butanol fraction of GTS had cytotoxicity between L1210 and NIH3T3. Significantly, Cytotoxicity of GTS in L1210 cell lines was significant increased. 5. $H_2O$ fraction of GTS had no cytotoxicity both L1210 and NIH3T3.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.189-199
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study is to report the efficacy of using oriental medical treatment(herb-medicine, acupuncture) with Melonix Calyx Vomiting Therapy for atypical facial pain. Methods : We experienced two cases of atypical facial pain treated with oriental medical treatment(herb-medicine, acupuncture) and Melonix Calyx Vomiting Therapy(MCVT). MCVT is a traditional treatment, which induces vomiting by eating Melonix Calyx powder with water. To evaluate the results of this treatment, we used the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and Pain Rating Scale(PRS). Result : After using MCVT with oriental medical treatment, VAS, PRS and clinical symptoms of 2 patients were improved remarkably. Conclusion : This study suggests that using MCVT with oriental medical treatment is effective on atypical facial pain.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Objective : Mercuric chloride is excreted in the urine and stool. Bangpungtongseong-san(BT) has been used commonly skin disease and has diuresis and excretion effect. This study is aimed to find out effects of Kami- bangpungtongseong-san(KBT) on the skin disease toxicated by mercury. Method : Experiment was conducted with No treated group(Normal group), Mercuric chloride subcutaneous injection group(Control group) and Kami-bangpungtongseong-san-treated group (Sample group). KBT Extracts were delivered orally in 7 days in sample group. We observed epithelial cell hyperplastic, angiogenesis, inflammatory cell infiltration of skin. For the charting the results, image analysis was taken. The result of image analysis was verified significance by Sigmaplot 2000(P<0.05). Result : This study shows an relieving epithelial cell hyperplastic, angiogenesis, inflammatory cell infiltration of exposure skin on mercuric chloride. Conclusion : According to the result of study, we can expect to the effect of KBT extracts' therapeutic action to tissue injuries of the mice' skin on acute mercurial toxication.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.215-224
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• 2019

Purpose: To investigate the differences in postoperative sore throat and hoarseness by adjustment of endotracheal tube cuff pressure (CP) during nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) and air anesthesia. Methods: A one-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Data were collected from August 8 to October 19, 2017 and analyzed using the independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Eighty-four participants were enrolled and divided into three groups: 28 in the Control Group (CP adjusted every 30 minutes using $N_2O$), 28 in Experimental Group 1 (CP adjusted every 10 minutes using $N_2O$), and 28 in Experimental Group 2 (non-adjusted CP using air), all of whom underwent urologic, gynecologic, and orthopedic surgeries at the G University hospital. Sore throat was assessed using a numeric rating scale; hoarseness was evaluate using the Stout classification at 1, 6, and 24 hours after surgery. Results: Scores for sore throat and hoarseness were significantly different between the groups at each measurement time, and scores were consistently higher in the control group. During subsequent measurements, sore throat and hoarseness scores were significantly lower at 6 hours. Cuff pressure changed significantly using air anesthesia (${\chi}^2=10.41$, p=.015) up to 2 hours after induction. Severe sore throat and hoarseness was observed for up to 6 hours after surgery. Conclusion: Cuff pressure adjustment at short time intervals would be helpful in reducing postoperative sore throat and hoarseness. Nursing intervention focused on prevention of sore throat and hoarseness should be required up to 6 hours postoperatively in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1991

Formaldehyde가 주성분인 접착제를 사용하는 목재 가공업소에서 특히 접착부서에 48개월 이상 근무했던 3명의 여자근로자들이 눈, 비강, 구강, 인후 및 피부의 자극증상과 호흡곤란등의 증상을 호소하였다. 이에 목재 가공업소 전 근로자 26명을 대상으로 설문지를 통하여 자각증상 여부를 확인하고 흉부 X-선 촬영, 폐기능 검사, 심전도, 동맥혈 포화도 검사 및 혈색소 검사등을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 접착부서 근무자중 장기 노출자인 환자군과 단기 노출자인 비환자군과 비교시에 냄새를 잘 못 맡으며 입안에 물집이 생기고 혀가 갈라지고 맛을 잘 모르며 목이 쉬는 증상에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05). 2. 접착부서 근무자중 환자군과 전체 비폭로군과 비교시에는 냄새를 잘 못 맡고 입안에 물집이 생기며 혀가 갈라지고 맛을 잘 모르며 목이 잘 쉬고 인후통이 오며 가슴이 답답하고, 피부 자극증상과 정신이 멍해진다는 증상에서 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 3. 환자군과 비폭로군의 여자군과만 비교한 경우에는 냄새를 잘 못 맡고, 혀가 갈라지며, 맛을 잘 모르고 목이 쉬며 인후통이 있고 피부자극 증상과 정신이 멍해진다는 증상에서 유의하게 나타났다(p<0.05). 4. 폐기능 검사의 결과는 환자군에서 노력성 폐활량(FVC)과 일초량 ($FEV_1$)의 감소를 보였다(P>0.05). 5. 전 근로자들에게서 흉부X-선 촬영, 심전도, 동맥혈 포화도 검사등에 큰 변화를 보이지 않았으며, 전체적으로 빈혈 양상을 보였으나 폭로 여부에 따른 차이는 없었다. 접착 부서 근로자들이 증상을 호소해서부터 임시검진과 작업장 환경 측정을 실시하고 정밀검사를 완료하기까지의 과정이 신속히 이루어지지 못했던 것은 폭로 작업장 근로자들의 문제점을 더욱 정확히 파악하고 건강을 보호 관리한다는 측면에서 개선되어야 할 것이다. 이와 같이 연구 수행에 많은 제한점이 있었으나 접착제를 사용하는 목재 가공업소에서는 복합적인 유해물질에 영향을 받을 수 있는데, 특히 formaldehyde 폭로에 인한 눈, 비강, 구강, 인후와 피부의 자극증상과 호흡곤란 및 폐기능의 저하가 문제시 되므로 폭로 여부를 결정할 수 있는 특별한 생물학적 감시 방법이 없어 증상에 의존하여 중독 여부를 파악하는데에는 어려움이 있으나 폭로 근로자들의 건강을 지키기 위해서는 작업장 환경측정등을 통한 폭로 감시를 더욱 철저히 하여야겠다. 또한 최근에 들어와서는 formaldehyde가 발암물질이라는 논쟁이 끊임없이 되고있으므로 폭로 근로자들에 대한 예방대책과 이에 따른 폭넓은 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.151-163
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• 1990

1989년 가을 대구, 경북 및 그 인접지역에서 발생한 쯔쯔가무시병을 21예를 혈청학적 방법으로 진단하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 발병연령은 26세에서 72세까지였고 40대에서 발병율이 가장 높았으며 발병시기는 10월중순에서 11월초까지 발생하였고 10월말에 발생빈도가 가장 높았다. 2) 증상은 고열과 오한(100%), 근육통(95%), 두통(90%), 인후통(38%) 등이었고 이학적 소견으로 가피와 발진이 21예중 18예(86%)에서 관찰 되었다. 3) 검사실 소견상 SGOT증가(83%), SGPT증가(61%), LDH증가(67%)와 적혈구 침강속도의 증가(63%)가 있었으며 Weil-Felix검사를 시행한 16예 중 전례에서 1:40이상의 역가를 보였으며 간접면역형광항체법을 시행한 18예 중 전례에서 1:320이상의 항체역가를 보였다. 4) 치료는 tetracycline 또는 chloramphenicol, doxycycline을 투여하였고 평균 해열기간은 투약후 1.3일 이었으며 합병증이 발생한 예는 없었다. 이상의 결과와 같이 정확한 환자의 병력과 임상증상 및 이학적 소견만으로도 조기에 쯔쯔가무시병을 진단하여 치료하면 별다른 합병증 없이 치료될 수 있다.