• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.140-148
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• 2002

컴퓨터를 통해 편리한 생활을 추구해온 인간들은 전자상거래 분야에서도 이러한 욕구를 충족시키기 위해 자동협상이라는 기능을 요구하게 되었다. 지능형 에이전트를 이용한 자동협상은 인간의 거래협상 업무의 부담을 많은 부분을 덜어주고 있어 자동협상 에이전트에 관한 연구들이 활성화되고 있다 소비자간 전자상거래에서는 다수의 자동협상 에이전트 연구들이 경매시장에서의 자동협상에 초점을 맞추고 있는데 반해, 가격 이외의 여러 거래속성을 갖는 상품에 대한 제안기반 협상시장에서의 자동협상 에이전트에 관한 연구들이 최근에 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소비자간 전자상거래에서 거래속성의 변화에 따라 개인의 효용가치의 차이를 이용한 다속성 상품의 제안기반 협상시장이 가져야할 특성에 대해 연구하고, 이를 기반으로 자동 거래협상을 수행에 필요한 거래속성 변화에 따른 소비자 개인의 선호체계를 표현하기 위한 방법을 개발하였다. 그리고 이러한 자동 거래협상을 공정하게 수행하기 위해 협상시장이 가져야할 특징과 프로토콜을 제안하고 시장운영 에이전트 시스템의 구조를 설계하였다. 마지막으로 이러한 분산형 시장구조를 갖는 제안기반의 협상시장에 참여하는 사용자 에이전트 시스템이 최적의 거래상대와 최적의 거래안을 찾기 위한 탐색방법을 구체적으로 개발하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 통하여 소비자간 전자상거래에서 구매자 뿐만 아니라 판매자도 협상결과에 따른 거래로 얻어지는 자신의 효용을 극대화할 수 있는 공정한 협상시장을 운영할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 사용자들도 손쉽게 자신의 협상 선호체계를 쉽게 표현하고, 표현된 선호체계를 반영한 자동 거래협상을 수행할 수 있을 것 이다. 기존의 UN/EDIFACT표준을 사용하고 있는 EDI환경과 기존 VAN 방식의 EDI 중계 시스템과 연동되며, 향후 관세청의 XML/EDI 표준 시행을 미리 대비하는 선도연구로서 자리매김이 된다. 본 연구에서는 개발된 XML/EDI 통관시스템은 향후, 서비스의 최대 걸림돌이 되어왔던 값비싼 EDI 사용료의 부담에서 벗어날 수 있게 할 것이며, 저렴한 EDI구축/운영 비용으로 전자문서교환의 활성화와 XML이 인터넷 기반의 문서유통 표준으로 자리매김할 수 있는 중요한 계기가 될 것이다.재무/비재무적 지표를 고려한 인공신경망기법의 예측적중률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 로지스틱회귀 분석의 재무적 지표모형은 훈련, 시험용이 84.45%, 85.10%인 반면, 재무/비재무적 지표모형은 84.45%, 85.08%로서 거의 동일한 예측적중률을 가졌으나 인공신경망기법 분석에서는 재무적 지표모형이 92.23%, 85.10%인 반면, 재무/비재무적 지표모형에서는 91.12%, 88.06%로서 향상된 예측적중률을 나타내었다.ting LMS according to increasing the step-size parameter $\mu$ in the experimentally computed. learning curve. Also we find that convergence speed of proposed algorithm is increased by (B+1) time proportional to B which B is the number of recycled data buffer without

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.130-133
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• 2002

As a society advances, an aging phenomenon and many diseases which did not exist in old times are happening. Especially, in case of the aged patient, because we cant know the time the condition of the patients health become worse, the study of the Tele-information system has been actively carried out by the necessity of a persistent observation. A ECG signal a kind of a vital signals has been widely used to the medical information system as an usual clinical diagnosis for the patients who possess heart diseases. BlueTooth is a close range wireless communication technology which uses a wireless frequency 2.4GHz and has a high trust and self - error correction technology according to a low power consumption quality and a high-speed frequency hopping. This makes get a high trust concerning a data transmission than an existing modem. In addition, though wireless modem is restricted by a minimal of a wireless terminal, It will be possible to coincide with the function of the portable with the low power consumption quality by using Bluetooth. And as the system on a chip of module progresses, the possibility of the small size is present According to this, Bluetooth module transmits the medical information, which is input from the outside among the operations that use the Bluetooth to the Bluetooth module that is connected the host PC. And the system that the host PC transmits the medical information from the connected Bluetooth module to the Internet has once embedded. this study let the host PC embedded in advance of the existing system and transmit the medical information by the addition of the Tcp/Ip protocol stark under all embedded environments to internet.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.16-24
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• 2011

The IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN (Local Area Network) is widely used for wireless access due to its easy deployment and low cost. Multicast in wireless LANs is very useful for transmitting data to multiple receivers compared to unicast to each receiver. In the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN, multicast transmissions are unreliable since multicast data packets are transmitted without any feedback from receivers. Recently, various protocols have been proposed to enhance the reliability of multicast transmissions. They still have serious problems in reliability and efficiency due to the excessive control overhead by the use of a large number of control packets in the error recovery process, and due to a large number of retransmissions to satisfy all receivers. In this paper, we propose an effective scheme called PTRM(Proactive Transmission based Reliable Multicast). The proposed scheme uses a block erasure code to generate parity packets and to reduce the impact of independent packet error among receivers. After generating parity packets, the PTRM transmits data packets as many as receivers need to recover error, and then requests feedback from them. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides reliable multicast while minimizing the feedback overhead.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.73-89
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• 2004

Since people have come to access more and more information about products with the proliferation of the Internet, more and more customer-to-customer e-marketplaces are being introduced with rapidly increasing transaction volumes. As the role of customer-to-customer electronic commerce has become increasingly regarded as vital to the economy, much research has delved into developing intelligent agent systems to efficiently support customer-to-customer electronic commerce. Most of this research, however, has focused only on supporting simple negotiation for the price of common goods along the time span. To expand the negotiation object to the differentiated goods, the customer must be allowed to negotiate over multi-at-tributes of the product besides the price, including the attributes related to the transaction activity itself, such as delivery time and payment method. To satisfy this requirement, we propose an agent marketplace for differentiated goods where the agent of a customer can negotiate not only the price but also the various attributes of the product and the transaction in order to achieve a better utility level for both buyer and seller. The formal protocol and the architecture issues to support the proposed e-marketplace and agents are also addressed.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.8
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• pp.1057-1064
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• 2015

The tactical network is system based on wireless networking technologies that ties together surveillance reconnaissance systems, precision strike systems and command and control systems. Several alternative paths exist in the network because it is connected as a grid to improve its survivability. In addition, the network topology changes frequently as forces and combatants change their network access points while conducting operations. However, most Internet routing standards have been designed for use in stable backbone networks. Therefore, tactical networks may exhibit a deterioration in performance when these standards are implemented. In this paper, we propose Priority based Multi-Path routing with Local Optimization(PMPLO) for a tactical backbone network. The PMPLO separately manages the global and local metrics. The global metric propagates to other routers through the use of a routing protocol, and it is used for a multi-path configuration that is guaranteed to be loop free. The local metric reflects the link utilization that is used to find an alternate path when congestion occurs, and it is managed internally only within each router. It also produces traffic that has a high priority privilege when choosing the optimal path. Finally, we conducted a simulation to verify that the PMPLO can effectively distribute the user traffic among available routers.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.3 no.10
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• pp.323-328
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• 2014

ZigBee based on the most vulnerable part of u-Healthcare system that uses the ZigBee communication is the wireless section. ZigBee communication sectors to identify vulnerabilities in this paper, we propose to compensate. ZigBee has been raised from the existing vulnerabilities organize and ZigBee also uses the 64bit address that uniquely identifies a vulnerability that was defined as exposure. And to prevent the exposure of a unique identifying address was used to address a temporary identification. ZigBee security services, the proposed system during the Network Key for encryption only use one mechanism of Residential Mode is used. Residential Mode on all nodes of the entire network because they use a common key, the key is stolen, your network's security system at a time are at risk of collapse. Therefore, in order to guard against these risks to the security policy Network Key updated periodically depending on the method used to. The proposed evaluation and comparative analysis of the system were exposed in the existing system can hide the address that uniquely identifies a public key Network Key also updated periodically, so that leaks can occur due to reduced risk.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 2021

The Internet including mobile networks is developing to overcoming the limitation of physical distance and providing or acquiring information from remote locations. However, the systems that use video as primary information require higher bandwidth for recognizing the situation in remote places more accurately through high-quality video as well as lower latency for faster interaction between devices and users. The emergence of the 5th generation mobile network provides features such as high bandwidth and precise location recognition that were not experienced in previous-generation technologies. In addition, the Mobile Edge Computing that minimizes network latency in the mobile network requires a change in the traditional system architecture that was composed of the existing smart device and high availability server system. However, even with 5G and MEC, since there is a limit to overcome the mobile network state fluctuations only by enhancing the network infrastructure, this study proposes a high-definition video streaming system in ultra-low latency based on the SRT protocol that provides Forward Error Correction and Fast Retransmission. The proposed system shows how to deploy software components that are developed in consideration of the nature of 5G and MEC to achieve sub-1 second latency for 4K real-time video streaming. In the last of this paper, we analyze the most significant factor in the entire video transmission process to achieve the lowest possible latency.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.645-654
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• 2021

In this paper, we proposed a protocol to convert 2W telephone analog signals to Ethernet data in a private PSTN 2W tactical voice system. There are several kinds of operational problems in the tactical telephone network where 2W telephone copper lines are installed hundreds of meters away from the PBX in a headquarter site. The reason is that it is difficult to install and maintain the 2W telephone copper cable in severe operational fields and to meet safety and stability operational requirements of the telephone line under lighting and electromagnetic environments. In order to solve these challenging demands, we proposed an efficient method that the 2W analog interface signals between a private PBX system and a 2W telephone is converted to Ethernet messages using the optical Ethernet data communication network already deployed in the tactical weapon system. Thus, it is not necessary to install an additional optic cable for the ethernet telephone line and to maintain the private PSTN 2W telephone network. Also it provides safe and secure telecommunication operation under lightning and electromagnetic environments. This paper presents the conversion protocol from 2W telephone signals over Ethernet interface between PBX systems and 2W telephones, the mutual exchange protocol of ethernet messages between two converters, and the rule to process analog signal interface. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed technique can provide a feasible solution in the tactical weapon system by analyzing its performance and experimental results such as the bandwidth of 2W telephone ethernet network and the transmission latency of voice signal, and the stability of optic ethernet voice network along with the ethernet data network.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

Smart factories represent production facilities where cutting-edge information and communication technologies are fused with manufacturing processes, reflecting rapid advancements and changes in the global manufacturing sector. They capitalize on the integration of robotics and automation, the Internet of Things (IoT), and the convergence of artificial intelligence technologies to maximize production efficiency in various manufacturing environments. However, the smart factory environment is prone to security threats and vulnerabilities due to various attack techniques. When security threats occur in smart factories, they can lead to financial losses, damage to corporate reputation, and even human casualties, necessitating an appropriate security response. Therefore, this paper proposes a security authentication mechanism for safe communication in the smart factory environment. The components of the proposed authentication mechanism include smart devices, an internal operation management system, an authentication system, and a cloud storage server. The smart device registration process, authentication procedure, and the detailed design of anomaly detection and update procedures were meticulously developed. And the safety of the proposed authentication mechanism was analyzed, and through performance analysis with existing authentication mechanisms, we confirmed an efficiency improvement of approximately 8%. Additionally, this paper presents directions for future research on lightweight protocols and security strategies for the application of the proposed technology, aiming to enhance security.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.393-401
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• 2024

Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely used in industries and daily life that directly affect human safety, life, and assets. However, IoT devices, which need to meet low-cost, lightweight, and low-power requirements, face a significant problem of shortened battery lifetime due to battery draining attacks and interference. To solve this problem, the 802.11ba standard for the Wake-up Receiver (WuR) has emerged, this feature is playing a crucial role in minimizing energy consumption. However, the WuR protocol did not consider security mechanisms in order to reduce latency and overhead. Therefore, in this study, anAdaptive Power Saving Mechanism (APSM) is proposed for low-power WuR to counter battery draining attacks. APSM can minimize abnormally occurring power consumption by exponentially increasing power-saving time in environments prone to attacks. According to experimental results, the proposed APSM improved energy consumption efficiency by a minimum of 13.77% compared to the traditional Legacy Power Saving Mechanism (LPSM) when attack traffic ratio is 10% or more of the total traffic.