• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.281-288
• /
• 2022

This study quantitatively analyzed the human casualties that can occur when a multicopter-type Urban Air Mobility (UAM) with a weight of about 1 ton and a speed of about 100 km/h falls in an urban area. Based on the population density and building database in Seoul, the population exposed to collisions in the event of a UAM crash was derived. Through the ballistic descent model, the accident impact radius of the UAM fall was calculated. In addition, the change in human casualties on the ground was analyzed when the accident impact radius increased. Finally, the ground risk map was created for Seoul, and it was confirmed that about 1 to 10 people could be injured when a UAM crash.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2003.07a
• /
• pp.54-55
• /
• 2003

현재 전 세계적으로 정보 통신 분야에서는 혁신적인 변화와 발전이 진행되고 있다. 전자상거래의 상용화를 비롯하여, 인터넷 사용 인구의 폭발적인 증가와 더불어 정보의 양 또한 기하 급수적으로 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라, 기존에 사용되던 정보 저장, 전달／처리 및 표시 매체로는 현재의 정보 통신 수요를 만족시키기가 어렵기 때문에, 현재 출시되는 제품에 비해 몇 천배 이상의 성능 향상이 요구되고 있으며, 기하급수적으로 증가하고 있는 정보를 효과적으로 저장, 전달／처리 및 표시하기 위한 요소 기술 중의 하나로 신개념의 ‘초고밀도’, ‘초고속’ 정보 저장, 전달／처리 및 표시 매체의 개발이 전 세계적인 과제로 대두되고 있다. (중략)

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.65 no.4
• /
• pp.386-398
• /
• 2020

Wheat is one of the world's top three crops and is an important staple crop, accounting for 20% of the nutrient calories consumed by the world's population. However, due to its complex heterogeneous hexaploid chromosomes and vast genome of approximately 16 Gb, compared to those of other crops, molecular biology and biotechnology studies on wheat are lacking. In recent years, wheat genome analysis has been performed using the latest next-generation sequencing technology so that useful genes can be easily obtained, and wheat biotechnology research is accelerating in various fields. In this review, wheat transformation, an indispensable technique for developing new functional biotech wheat by revealing the function of wheat genes, is described in detail. In addition, the latest research results for overcoming plant diseases, abiotic stresses, and wheat-related diseases that are difficult to solve by classical breeding through wheat transformation and biotechnology are described.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.406-415
• /
• 2020

This study applies Q methodology that can extract subjective opinion or recognition structure for each single household whose Meal Kit products developed and marketed by catering companies according to the demographic structure that changes socially. Implications were analyzed. As a result of subjective recognition type analysis in this study, four types were derived, and each type was named according to its specificity as follows. Type 1 (N = 6): Appearance Assessment Purchase Type, Type 2 (N = 6): Price Comparison Purchase Type, Type 3 (N = 10): Brand Trust Purchase Type, Type 4 (N = 2) : Easy Cooking Purchase Type was analyzed for each unique feature type. In this study, we analyzed the subjective opinion or recognition structure of single-person households whose Meal Kit products are the main demand groups, and suggested the direction and improvement measures for future food product development and launch for single-person households through the analysis by type. The purpose of this study is to provide academic implications based on the analysis results.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the regional distribution of the number of social welfare facilities per 100,000 population by using the concentration index(CI) and to evaluate the relationship with the local welfare environment. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, the distribution of social welfare facilities between urban and rural area were distributed in rural areas. And concentration of rural area was gradually decreasing. Second, the concentration index of the social welfare institution was calculated as the negative index. Therefore, social welfare facilities are concentrated in rural areas. However, the absolute value of concentration index decreased. Finally, there are many social welfare facilities in areas with poor economic conditions, low incomes, low welfare budget input, and poor social demolition indicators. In the future, the relationship between inequality of regional distribution of welfare resources and the relationship between local welfare environment should be continuously monitored.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.53-76
• /
• 2010

This paper attempts to estimate and compare environmental Kuznets curves (EKC) for$CO_2$ emissions of five regions constituting South Korea. For this, panel data of $CO_2$ emission for these regions are constucted for the period 1990 - 2007. Close inter-dependency among these five regions is considered by using a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model. In addition to real per-capita income, price index of energy sources and population dens ity are included as control variables. Results of estimates show the robust existence of EKC's in all these regions. EKC turning points of five regions range between 13.7 and 21.6 million Korean Won, showing a large variation. This difference among regions should be conisidered for the effective implementation of policies targeting the reduction of $CO_2$ emmission. In addition, the increase of energy price is found help reduce the $CO_2$ emmision while the rise of population density seems to lead to the increase of $CO_2$ emission.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2018.05a
• /
• pp.82-82
• /
• 2018

지방공기업 경영평가는 지방공기업의 경영성과에 대해서 평가하는 것이므로 경영 성과를 균형있게 평가하는 것이 중요하다. 지방공기업의 평가 대상 유형은 상수도, 하수도, 도시철도공사, 도시개발공사, 특정공사 공단, 시설관리공단, 환경시설관리공단 등 7개로 구분된다. 이 가운데 2017년 상수도 분야의 평가 대상 공기업은 지방공기업법 제78조 및 동법 시행령 제68조에 의거하여 115개이다. 행안부에서 주관하는 8개 광역 직영 기업 그룹과 시 도에서 주관하는 107개 기초지자체 직영 기업 그룹를 구분하여 평가하고 있으며 지방상수도 경영성과 평가 지표은 크게 리더십/전략, 경영시스템, 경영성과, 정책 준수로 구분되며 총 21개의 세부지표로 구성된다. 경영 성과 지표 가운데 주요사업성과와 경영효율성과 지표에 해당하는 상수도관리, 상수도보급률, 요금부과율, 요금 현실화율은 해당 지자체의 인구규모에 따라 평가군을 설정하도록 하고 있다. 그러나 평가군을 설정하는 인구 기준에 대한 명확한 근거가 없고 동일한 평가군 내에서도 지자체 상수도 시설, 면적, 인구 밀도 등에 따라 관로길이나 상수도 원가 등이 크게 차이가 발생하고 있어 경영 평가 결과에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 단순 인구 규모가 아니라 지자체 지방상수도는 경영효율화에 영향을 미치는 변수를 선별하여 주요사업 활동 성과 지표 측정에 적용할 수 있는 성과 평가군을 군집분석을 통하여 분석하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.40 no.3 s.108
• /
• pp.296-309
• /
• 2005

In this study, we investigated the change of future land-surface and relationships of land-surface change with geo-spatial information, using a Bayesian prediction model based on a likelihood ratio function, for analysing the land-surface change of the Gongju area. We classified the land-surface satellite images, and then extracted the changing area using a way of post classification comparison. land-surface information related to the land-surface change is constructed in a GIS environment, and the map of land-surface change prediction is made using the likelihood ratio function. As the results of this study, the thematic maps which definitely influence land-surface change of rural or urban areas are elevation, water system, population density, roads, population moving, the number of establishments, land price, etc. Also, thematic maps which definitely influence the land-surface change of forests areas are elevation, slope, population density, population moving, land price, etc. As a result of land-surface change analysis, center proliferation of old and new downtown is composed near Gum-river, and the downtown area will spread around the local roads and interchange areas in the urban area. In case of agricultural areas, a small tributary of Gum-river or an area of local roads which are attached with adjacent areas showed the high probability of change. Most of the forest areas are located in southeast and from this result we can guess why the wide chestnut-tree cultivation complex is located in these areas and the capability of forest damage is very high. As a result of validation using a prediction rate curve, a capability of prediction of urban area is $80\%$, agriculture area is $55\%$, forest area is $40\%$ in higher $10\%$ of possibility which the land-surface change would occur. This integration model is unsatisfactory to Predict the forest area in the study area and thus as a future work, it is necessary to apply new thematic maps or prediction models In conclusion, we can expect that this way can be one of the most essential land-surface change studies in a few years.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.200-208
• /
• 2024

The occurrence a fire on a training ship with a large number of people on board can lead to severe casualties. Hence the Seafarers' Act and Safety Life At Sea(SOLAS) emphasizes the importance of the abandon ship drill. Therefore, in this study, the training ship of Mokpo National Maritime University, Segero, which has a large number of people on board, was selected as the target ship and the likelihood and severity of fire accidents on each deck were predicted through the preliminary hazard analysis(PHA) qualitative risk assessment. Additionally, assuming a fire in a high-risk area, a simulation of evacuation time and population density was performed to quantitatively predict the risk. The the total evacuation time was predicted to be the longest at 501s in the meal time scenario, in which the population distribution was concentrated in one area. Depending on the scenario, some decks had relatively high population densities of over 1.4pers/m², preventing stagnation in the number of evacuees. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data to develop training scenarios for training ships by quantifying evacuation time and population density according to various evacuation scenarios, and the research can be expanded in the future through comparison of mathematical models and experimental values.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.41 no.2 s.113
• /
• pp.212-226
• /
• 2006

Surface data generally represent continuous distribution of geographical or social phenomena of a region in urban analysis. Instances include distribution of temperature, population of region, and various distributions related to human activities. When spatial data are given in the form of surface, surface comparison is required as a way of comprehending the surface change or the relationship between two surfaces. As for previous approaches of surface comparison, there are visualization, quantitative methods and qualitative method. All those approaches, however, show the difference between two surfaces in a limited way. Especially, they are not able to distinguish spatial difference between two surfaces. To overcome such problem, this paper proposes a method of comparing two surfaces in terms of their spatial structure. Main concept of the method comes from earth moving problem and the method is named minimum surface transformation, here. When a surface is transformed into another, total surface volume moved in the process of transformation should be the minimum. Both quantitative and spatial differences between two surfaces are evaluted by total surface volume moved and the distribution of moved surface volume of each cell respectively. The method is applied to hypothetical and actual data. From the former, it is understood that the method explains how two surfaces are quantitatively and spatially different. The result of the latter shows that moved total surface volume decreases as time goes by which fits the actual situation that population change rate gets smaller. Concerning the other measure of surface difference, the distribution of $X_{ij}$ describes detailed flow of surface volume than that of simply subtracting surface volume by indicating to what direction the population change occurs.