KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Current Research Trends of Wheat Transformation and Biotechnology

밀 형질전환과 이를 활용한 최신 연구동향

  • Sim, Jae-Ryeong (Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Sewon (Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Su-Bin (Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Beom-Gi (Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Saet Buyl (Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Yeol (Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 심재령 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 생물소재공학과) ;
  • 김세원 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 생물소재공학과) ;
  • 이수빈 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 생물소재공학과) ;
  • 김범기 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 생물소재공학과) ;
  • 이샛별 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 생물소재공학과) ;
  • 이종렬 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 생물소재공학과)
  • Received : 2020.09.10
  • Accepted : 2020.10.19
  • Published : 2020.12.01
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Abstract

Wheat is one of the world's top three crops and is an important staple crop, accounting for 20% of the nutrient calories consumed by the world's population. However, due to its complex heterogeneous hexaploid chromosomes and vast genome of approximately 16 Gb, compared to those of other crops, molecular biology and biotechnology studies on wheat are lacking. In recent years, wheat genome analysis has been performed using the latest next-generation sequencing technology so that useful genes can be easily obtained, and wheat biotechnology research is accelerating in various fields. In this review, wheat transformation, an indispensable technique for developing new functional biotech wheat by revealing the function of wheat genes, is described in detail. In addition, the latest research results for overcoming plant diseases, abiotic stresses, and wheat-related diseases that are difficult to solve by classical breeding through wheat transformation and biotechnology are described.

밀은 세계 3대 작물 중 하나이고, 전 세계 인구가 소비하는 영양 칼로리의 20%를 담당하는 등 중요한 식량작물이지만 이질 6배체의 복잡한 염색체와 약 16 Gb의 방대한 유전체 크기로 인해 다른 작물들에 비해 분자생물학 및 생명공학연구가 많이 부족한 상황이다. 최근 최신의 차세대염기서열분석법에 의한 밀 유전체 분석이 이루어져 유용한 유전자를 쉽게 얻을 수 있게 되어 여러 방면에서 밀 생명공학연구가 가속화 되고 있다. 본 리뷰에서는 밀의 유전자의 기능을 밝혀 새로운 기능의 생명공학 밀을 육성하는데 필수 불가결한 기술인 밀 형질전환에 대해 상세히 기술하였다. 또한 밀 생명공학기술과 형질전환에 의해 전통육종에 의해 해결하기 어려운 식물병, 비생물학적 스트레스 및 밀 관련 질환을 극복하기 위한 최신의 연구 결과에 대해 서술하였다.

Keywords

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