• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.461-469
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to compare the root canal systems of maxillary and mandibular premolars that had a single root using radiographs and clearing samples. 142 single rooted premolars were selected and mesio-distal and bucco-lingual views were radiographed using intra-oral dental standard films. Four equally trained examiners classify the root canal types from the developed radiographs. After opening the tooth for access, it was stored in $5\%$ NaOCl to dissolve the pulp tissue. Indian ink was then injected into the pulp cavity to stain the pulp tissue. It was cleared in methyl salicylate after being decalcified with $5\%$ nitric acid for 48 hours, and the root canal type was evaluated at a magnification of $\times$ 20 using a stereomicroscope. The results are as follows ; There were statistically significant differences between the radiographs and clearing samples of the root canal types among examiners (p < 0.05). There might be differences in the root canal types among examiners when the same radiograph is used. Therefore, considering the difficulty in estimating the root canal types, clinicians need to be careful when interpreting radiographs before root canal therapy.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.277-284
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• 1998

To establish a monthly data collection planning for the Ocean Scanning Multispectral Imager (OSMI), we have examined the global patterns of three impacting factors: pigment concentration, cloud cover, and sun glint. Other than satellite mission constraints (e.g., duty cycle), these three factors are considered critical for the OSMI data collection. The Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) monthly mean products and the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) monthly mean products (C2) were used for the analysis of pigment concentration and cloud cover distributions, respectively. And the monthly-simulated patterns of sun glint were produced by performing the OSMI orbit prediction and the calculation of sun glint radiances at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA). Using monthly statistics (mean and/or standard deviation) of each factor in the above for a given 10$^{\circ}$ latitude by 10$^{\circ}$ longitude grid, we generated the priority map for each month. The priority maps of three factors for each month were subsequently superimposed to visualize the impact of three factors in all. The initial results illustrated that a large part of oceans in the summer hemisphere was classified into the low priority regions because of seasonal changes of clouds and sun illumination. Sensitivity tests for different sets of classifications were performed and demonstrated the seasonal effects of clouds and sun glint to be robust.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.117-142
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• 2012

This research attempts to explain the influence of educational level inequalities on self-rated health and depression of the elderly. Also, we are focusing whether there is a mediating effect of social support between educational level inequalities and self-rated health depression of the elderly. The data was collected from July, 30 to August, 15, 2009. 631 persons who live in Gangnam-Gu area over 60 years of age were recruited. Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and multiple regression were employed using SPSS 12.0. The result of this study shows that educational level inequalities have a influence on the self-rated health and depression. It is also verified that social participation variable has a partial mediating effect between educational level inequalities and mental health(self-rated health and depression). This study carried out a positive linear relationship between educational level and health: the higher education, the better the health. And also, the results present the importance of developing adequate intervention programs for the elderly having low educational level to improve social participation and to enhance mental health(self-rated health and depression).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.264-270
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the change of study crafting and nursing recognition after applying a documentary form of education to nursing students, and also to confirm the nursing students' satisfaction with the documentary style of education. The subjects of the study were 84 nursing students in their first year in the B area. The data collection period ran from March 11, 2019 to April 15, 2019. The collected data was analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations and paired t-test by employing the SPSS WIN 24.0 computer program. The program consisted of four parts and was operated for 3 hours and 30 minutes, and three domestic documentaries were applied. The study crafting of nursing students increased after the education but there was no statistical significance for this. The nursing recognition was significant (t=-4.49, p<.001) In detail, traditional image, social image and nursing prospect were significant (t=-2.13, p=.036; t=-5.09, p<.001; t=-4.17, p=<.001). Satisfaction with the use of documentaries averaged 4.54 points, as detailed items, the satisfaction with the learning method was 4.54, the satisfaction with the contents of the education was 4.62 points, the benefit was 4.56, the interest was 4.44 and the interest induction was 4.55 points. This study showed that documentaries could be used as a teaching and learning method because the documentaries had a positive effect on nursing students' recognition of nursing and satisfaction of education.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.66-74
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze work complexity, critical thinking disposition, and the degree of intuition for nurse practitioners and determine the associations among the variables. 150 nurses at hospitals and general hospitals in D City participated in this study and data collection was performed from June 15 to July 8, 2017. The data were processed by using SPSS WIN 24.0 to estimate the mean, standard deviation and Pearson's correlation coefficient and perform one-way ANOVA. They scored $2.33{\pm}.45$ for work complexity, $3.58{\pm}.36$ for critical thinking disposition, and $2.69{\pm}.52$ for intuition. Work complexity differed significantly by age (F=4.55, p=.012), education (F=11.61, p=<.001), department (F=26.69, p=<.001), and clinical career (F=4.30, p=.006) among their general characteristics. Critical thinking disposition differed significantly by education (F=5.25, p=.006) and position (F=5.35, p=.006) and differed statistically insignificantly by intuition. Work complexity was positively correlated with critical thinking disposition (r=.323, p=<.001) and intuition (r=.201, p=.013) and no significant correlation was found between critical thinking disposition and intuition (r=.033, p=.685). On the basis of these results, it is necessary to develop education and programs that can allow nurses who regard nursing work as complex to improve their critical thinking disposition and intuition.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.531-538
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• 2019

The Purpose of This Study was to Identify The Relation of Emotional Intelligence, Self-leadership, Professional Quality of Life among Clinical Nurses. Participants were 197 Nurses Drawn from a General Hospital in Busan, Ulsan, & Gyungnam. Mean, Standard Deviation, Independent t-test, One way ANOVA and Correlation with SPSS/Win 23.0 Program were Used for Data Analysis. The Mean score Emotional Intelligence was 4.68/7, Self-leadership was 3.35/5. Professional Quality of Life was 2.98/5. Professional Quality of life is Consisted of 3 Subcategories as Compassion Satisfaction, Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burn out. 19.8% of The Participants Reported a High ProQOL (Compassion Satisfaction more than 75%, Burn out less than 25% & Secondary Traumatic Stress less than 25%). Compassion Satisfaction was Positively Correlated Emotional Intelligence and Self-leadership. Burn out was Negatively Correlated Emotional Intelligence and Self-leadership. Emotional Intelligence was Positively Correlated Self-leadership. On the Basis of Result, Program Development are Required to Improve Compassion Satisfaction, Emotional Intelligence and Self-leadership on Clinical Nurses.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.619-628
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• 2019

This study is an explanatory research conducted to analyze the influencing factors of treatment adherence in kidney transplant recipients. The subjects were 132 renal transplant recipients who visited the outpatient department in a university hospital. Data were collected from July 17, 2017, to August 22, 2017, and analyzed using SPSS WIN 24.0. Frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, variance analysis, correlation, and regression analysis were performed. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference in the treatment adherence based on the age, religion, and the time passed since kidney transplantation. The study also found that the treatment adherence had significant positive correlations with social support (r=.54, p<.001), family support (r=.43, p<.001), health provider's support (r=.57, p<.001), and self-care knowledge (r=.21, p=.015). The factors influencing the treatment adherence were health provider's support, the time passed since kidney transplantation, spouse, and religion. The final explanatory power of the model was 41.9%. In conclusion, intervention strategies should be introduced to promote the support of healthcare providers in order to improve the adherence of the kidney transplantation patients.

• 재활복지
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.187-205
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• 2014

Is to identify how this affects the physically disabled to participate in the program 12 weeks Park Golf psychological well-being and happiness, the purpose of this research is subjective. How to study subjects, only 40-year-old disabled man more than 24 people total delay experimental group and 12 patients(failure cut seven, delayed dysfunction 5) and the control group and 12 patients(failure cut six, delayed dysfunction in 4, two people were involved in the joint disorder). 3 times a week(Mon, Wed, Fri), was carried out 50 minutes into 12 weeks of the experimental period, was located at River Park Golf Course A test place. We calculate the pre-and post-test data mean and standard deviation using SPSS Statistics 21.0 statistical data processing program, binary repeated measures ANOVA to analyze the effects on the psychological well-being of the disabled and subjective effects euphoria Park Golf Participation(was performed 2-way [2] RM ANOVA). First results in psychological well-being of the two groups according to Park Golf participate in group comparisons before and after the exercise involved only fun, immersive and shows were not significantly different, within each group enjoyment, competence, self-realization, all the children of the immersion showed a significant difference in the factors. Second, before and after participation in exercise, there was a significant difference between groups in subjective happiness of two groups according to Park Golf participation, the two groups were not significantly different within. Taken together the results to see more, showed that the positive effects on the psychological well-being and subjective happiness Park Golf participation is the Physically Disabled.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.108-111
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• 2014

In this paper, we tried to identify implications of selecting gifted of information science & followed educational system via analyzing each of student's characteristics in each subjects they study within Science Education Institute for the Gifted. A study of the existing institutions do not have experience of the gifted students based on assessment through observation of the 1-year science, mathematics and information science education in the List of attribute analysis. Learners of Information Science became with analysis that Attitude Category was superior in mathematics to the subject of science and Problem Solving Category regardless of the subjects showed similar. As to, Attitude Category, Problem Solving Category and Mathematics Cognition Category was analyzed to be closed and we could confirm through the qualitative observation record. On this, the researcher concluded that the mathematics could know the effect fitness by a learner rather than the subject of science as to an attitude and problem resolution area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.178-187
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• 2019

This study was to identify the effect of resilience on academic burnout of nursing students. The participants were 300 students of nursing college located in C do, Korea through a questionnaire. Data were collected from November 1 to 16, 2018. The collected data were complied using the SPSS/WIN 24.0 statistic program with Paired t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation coefficient, Multiple Regression. The results were as follows. The mean scores were resilience $61.40({\pm}12.96)$, academic burnout $41.49({\pm}7.50)$ and a statistically significant relationship between resilience and academic burnout (r=-.512, ${\rho}<.001$). Multiple regression analysis revealed that academic burnout of nursing students was significantly affected by satisfaction of nursing major(${\beta}=.380$, ${\rho}<.001$), health status(${\beta}=.171$, ${\rho}=.040$), resilience(${\beta}=-.333$, ${\rho}<.001$) and The coefficient of determination for these factors, $R^2$ showed an explanation force of 41.0%. Resilience was associated with lower levels of academic burnout. These findings suggest that it is necessary to develop a nursing educational program in order to recognize the importance of developing resilience and to manage the academic burnout.