• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.199-208
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• 2008

Lately, since Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor(CMOS) image sensor system has low power, low cost and been miniaturized, hardware and applied software studies using these strengths are being carrying on actively. However, the products equipped with CMOS image sensor based polling method yet has several problems in degree of completeness of applied software and firmware, compared with hardware’s. CMOS image sensor system has an ineffective synchronous problem due to superfluous message exchange. Also when a sending of data is delayed continually, overhead of re-sending is large. So because of these, it has a problem in structural stability according to Polling Method. In this study, polling cycle was subdivided in high-speed synchronization method of firmware -based through MCU and synchronization method of Stepwise was proposed. Also, re-connection and data sending were advanced more efficiently by using interrupt way. In conclusion, the proposed method showed more than 20 times better performance in synchronization time and error connection. Also, a board was created by using C328R board of CMOS image sensor-based and ATmega128L which has low power, MCU and camera modules of proposed firmware were compared with provided software and analyzed in synchronization time and error connection.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.728-735
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• 2015

This research was based on using status and factors associated in public health centers survey in 703 local residents from September 1 to 25, 2015. Data were analyzed with chi-square test, t-test, one way ANOVA, and Stepwise Multiple Regression analysis using SPSS WIN 21.0 program and significance level was set at p<0.05. It was investigated that Incheon city health centers' utilization of residents were 38.8%, the annual average of utilization was 3.92 times. Health centers were mainly used by themselves (25.3%) or recommendation of the people around them (17.8%). The reason why they don't use was no need (27.0%) and don't know well (9.4%) or long distance (7.8%). The average of awareness about the total health programs was 41.2%, the average of utilization rate was 8.1%, both higher rate of awareness and utilization about health programs were vaccination (86.6%, 36.9%), and health examinations (67.2%, 18.7%). The average of satisfaction about health programs was 3.88 out of 5, sealant (4.26 points) and rationing fluoride solution (4.07 points) indicated a high level of satisfaction. The most common factor which represents the impact on public health use and use frequency were the time it takes to move, also gender, age and form of home ownership were major factor in common. Based on this, we have to seek concrete measures of national health programs which conducted to improve the health of local residents can be implemented successfully.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.1129-1136
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• 1999

TIN films were prepared on Si(100) substrate by ICP-CVD(inductive1y coupled plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) using TEMAT(tetrakis ethylmethamido titanium : Ti$[\textrm{N}\textrm{(CH)}_{3}\textrm{C}_{2}\textrm{H}_{5}]_{4}$) precursor at various deposition conditions. Phase, microstructure, and the electrical properties of TIN films were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and electrical measurements. Polycrystalline TiN films with B1 structure were grown at temperatures over $200^{\circ}C$. Preferentially oriented along TiN(111) films were obtained at temperatures over $300^{\circ}C$ with the flow rates of 10, 5, and 5 sccm for TEMAT, $\textrm{N}_{2}$ and Ar gas. The TiN/Si(100) interface was flat and no chemical reaction between TIN and $\textrm{SiO}_2$ was found. The resistivity, carrier concentration and the carrier mobility for the TiN sample prepared at $500^{\circ}C$ are 21 $\mu\Omega$cm, 9.5$\times\textrm{10}^{18}\textrm{cm}^{-3}$ and $462.6\textrm{cm}^{2}$/Vs, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1989

The locations of 5' ends as well as the splicing pattern of viral poly A(-) 19S RNA from monkey cells infected with SV40 were determined by a modification of primer extension method. The 5' end of this RNA mapped at the major cap site at nucleotide residue 325, used most frequently by SV40 late RNAs. The intron from nt.373 to nt.558 was removed as the ordinary cytoplasmic poly A(+) 19S RNA. The 3'end of this RNA was very heterogeneous and distributed over 1 kb upstream of polyadenylation site, as determined by S1 nuclease mapping. The reason for this normally initiated and spliced RNA to accumulate in the nucleus was investigated. In order to test whether the presence of unused 3' splice region on this RNA caused such subcellular distribution, cells were transfected with SV40 mutant KNA containing deletion around 3' splice site. The RNA deleted of 3' splice region accumulated mainly in the cytoplasm. This accumulation did not result from the increased stability of the RNA due to the deletion, since the wild type and mutant RNAs exhibited similar half lives after chase with actinomycin D. Therefore it is likely that the 19S spliced RNA is hindered from being transported into the cytoplasm due to some pre-splicing complexes formed at the unused 3' splice site.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2015

It is necessary for us to undergo trial and error for eliciting the rational requirement of the acquisition of weapon systems, but the M&S is general approach due to costs and risk of the development. In addition to the acquisition of weapon systems, M&S is extensively employed in the analysis and the training of developed weapon systems. The ADD (Agency for Defense Development) has developed DEVS integrated development environment (QUEST) that provides M&S general ground technique composed of simulation model implementation services, simulation result analysis services, and simulation interface services. This paper describes the interface architecture and the implementation of torpedo target detection section interface simulation system using QUEST. The torpedo target detection section interface simulation system is composed of torpedo target detection section which calculates a result of target detection and the QUEST scenario generator which provides simulation scenario for performance test of the torpedo target detection section. The interface architecture of torpedo target detection section interface simulation system is designed to verify the interface and performance of the torpedo target detection section by linking with the QUEST scenario generator.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.199-204
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• 2009

Background: To examine the recovery rate of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) from respiratory specimens and the clinical course of NTM pulmonary disease at a 700-bed secondary hospital. Methods: This study analyzed the results of 843 acid-fast bacilli (AFB) culture-positive respiratory specimens from 650 subjects collected between May 2003 and April 2008. In addition, the clinical course of NTM pulmonary disease, diagnosed using criteria established by the American Thoracic Society, was examined. Results: There were 67 (7.9%) NTM isolates recovered from 52 (8.0%) subjects. Among the 535 AFB smear-positive specimens, 34 (6.3%) NTM isolates were recovered. There were 33 (10.7%) NTM isolates were recovered from 308 AFB smear-negative specimens. Of 52 subjects with isolated NTM, M. intracellulare was the most common species at 73.1% (n=33), followed by M. kansassi (n=7), M. abscessus (n=2), M. fortuitum (n=2), and M. avium (n=1). Sixteen (30.8%) patients had NTM pulmonary disease and the most common causative organism was M. intracellulare (n=14, 87.5%). Of these, 6 cases attained negative conversion in culture, 4 cases failed to attain negative conversion because of poor cooperation or expiration from complicated underlying lung disease, and 5 cases were transferred to a higher-grade hospital. Conclusion: The recovery rate of NTM from respiratory specimens was relatively low and the most common species was M. intracellulare. Patients with NTM pulmonary disease showed variable clinical outcomes.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.270-274
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• 2017

Formic acid has been known as one of key sources of hydrogen. Among various monometallic catalysts, hydrogen can be efficiently produced on Pd catalyst. However, the catalytic activity of Pd is gradually reduced by the blocking of active sites by CO, which is formed from the unwanted indirect oxidation of formic acid. One of promising solutions to overcome such issue is the design of alloy catalyst by adding other metal into Pd since alloying effect (such as ligand and strain effect) can increase the chance to mitigate CO poisoning issue. In this study, we have investigated formic acid deposition on the bimetallic $Pd/Pd_3Fe$ core-shell nanocatalyst using DFT (density functional theory) calculation. In comparison to Pd catalyst, the activation energy of formic acid dehydrogenation is greatly reduced on $Pd/Pd_3Fe$ catalyst. In order to understand the importance of alloying effects in catalysis, we decoupled the strain effect from ligand effect. We found that both strain effect and ligand effect reduced the binding energy of HCOO by 0.03 eV and 0.29 eV, respectively, compared to the pure Pd case. Our DFT analysis of electronic structure suggested that such decrease of HCOO binding energy is related to the dramatic reduction of density of state near the fermi level.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.251-263
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the factors associated with fear of falling among the elderly dwelling in rural communities. Methods: From February 1, 2010 to March 31, 2010, a questionnaire-based survey was sent to 2,628 persons 65 years or older dwelling in 1 Myeon and 1 Eup of Gyeongsangnam-do. Among these participants, 735 (27.9%) had fallen more than once in 2009. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and hierarchical multiple regression were performed using SPSS version 12.0. Results: Factors influencing the fear of falling in the elderly according to falls experienced were number of outpatient visits, number of falls, gender, admission, purchasing of health function foods, and activities of daily living. Overall, the study showed significant differences in the score of fear of falling according to gender, age, education, marital status, living arrangement, main means of mobilization, drinking, income, number of falls, admission, number of outpatient visits, experience with outpatient oriental medicine, purchasing of health function foods, medical assistance devices, season, fall location, fall cause, shoe type, injury type, limitation of activity, and activities of daily living. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that programs should be developed specifically for elderly people who have experienced more than one fall because of increased fear due to multiple falls.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.248-250
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• 2017

The Mar-M-247 alloy is one of the most widely used materials for gas turbine components in aerospace filed and it shows excellent high temperature strength properties. Hot section parts, such as turbine nozzle and blade, are difficult to manufacture because of their complicated shape. So, the joining process usually applies to them. In this study, the high-temperature behavior of Mar-M-247 alloy at liquid diffusion bonding was investigated. Thus, we performed the diffusion bonding at $1,121^{\circ}C$ for 7 minutes, and observed changes in high temperature strength. As a result, the strength of the bonded specimens decreased by about 70% at $649^{\circ}C$, 60% at $825^{\circ}C$, and 45% at $1,000^{\circ}C$ compared to the base metal. As a result of observing the strength change with bonding time, the specimen bonded for 720 minutes showed a similar strength with the base metal at $649^{\circ}C$. Inferring this result, the joint is considered to be the one-body part.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.39 no.2 s.163
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• pp.99-108
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• 2006

To describe the behavior of suspended-sediment particles in turbulent open-channel flows, the advection-diffusion equation or its simplified form has been used. Though this equation was derived upon several assumptions, only a few studies tried to evaluate the limit of the assumptions. The reason is that it is very difficult to measure turbulence in open-channel flows and to discriminate the velocities of water and sediment particles. The present study aims to measure the velocity profiles of water and sediment particles in open-channel flows by using PTV (Particle Tracking Velocimetry), a kind of PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry). The measured results showed that sediment particles moved slower than water tracers did in the outer region. In the present study, the amount of velocity-lag reached about $5\%$ of the mom flow velocity and the position of the maximum velocity-lag was $g/h\approx0.05\;(g^{+}=30\~50)$ The main cause of the velocity-lag of sediment particles seems that the sediment particles have larger density than water has. On the other hand, in the viscous sublayer, sediment particle has a larger velocity than water tracers. The reason of the inversion of velocity-lag may be due to the no-sleep condition of water at the solid boundaries.