• Title/Summary/Keyword: 의미적 연관성

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The Structural Relationships among the Related Variables of University Students' Satisfaction (대학생의 만족도와 관련된 변인들 간의 구조적 관계)

  • Son, Kyung-Ae;Lee, Deog-Ro
    • Management & Information Systems Review
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.1-25
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study was to test the structural relationships among the related variables of university students' satisfaction. This study utilized nation-wide survey data previously collected from 1400 students distributed across 32 universities in Korea. NCSI model was used as a theoretical framework. Using the AMOS 17.0, the structural relationships among six variables were tested, including students' expectancy level, perceived quality, perceived value, satisfaction, complaint rate, and loyalty. The major findings of the study are as follows: First, students' expectancy level had a positive effect on perceived quality; but had no significant effect either on perceived value or on satisfaction. Second, perceived quality had positive effects on perceived value and satisfaction; and perceived value also had a positive effect on satisfaction. Third, students' satisfaction had a negative effect on complaint rate; but had a positive effect on loyalty. Fourth, students' complaint rate had a negative effect on loyalty. The study results imply that among the related variables of students' satisfaction, perceived quality and value of the products work as critical variables, and complaint rate and loyalty directly relate to students' satisfaction. The study suggested that in order to enhance students' satisfaction, universities employ the total quality system and the students' complaints resolution system.

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Cache Replacement Strategies considering Location and Region Properties of Data in Mobile Database Systems (이동 데이타베이스 시스템에서 데이타의 위치와 영역 특성을 고려한 캐쉬 교체 기법)

  • Kim, Ho-Sook;Yong, Hwan-Seung
    • Journal of KIISE:Databases
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.53-63
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    • 2000
  • The mobile computing service market is increasing rapidly due to the development of low-cost wireless network technology and the high-performance mobile computing devices. In recent years, several methods have been proposed to effectively deal with restrictions of the mobile computing environment such as limited bandwidth, frequent disconnection and short-lived batteries. Amongst those methods, much study is being done on the caching method - among the data transmitted from a mobile support station, it selects those that are likely to be accessed in the near future and stores them in the local cache of a mobile host. Existing cache replacement methods have some limitations in efficiency because they do not take into consideration the characteristics of user mobility and spatial attributes of geographical data. In this paper, we show that the value and the semantic of the data, which are stored in the cache of a mobile host, changes according to the movement of the mobile host. We argue it is because data that are geographically near are better suited to provide an answer to a users query in the mobile environment. Also, we define spatial location of geographical data has effect on, using the spatial attributes of data. Finally, we propose two new cache replacement methods that efficiently support user mobility and spatial attributes of data. One is based on the location of data and the other on the meaningful region of data. From the comparative analysis of the previous methods and that they improve the cache hit ratio. Also we show that performance varies according to data density using this, we argue different cache replacement methods are required for regions with varying density of data.

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Spirituality, Death Anxiety and Burnout Levels among Nurses Working in a Cancer Hospital (암 병원 간호사의 영성, 죽음불안 및 소진)

  • Kim, Kyungjin;Yong, Jinsun
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.264-273
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: This study is to explore the relationships among spirituality, death anxiety and burnout level of nurses caring for cancer patients. Methods: Participants were 210 nurses from a cancer hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from April until June 2012 and analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The mean score for spirituality was 3.51 out of six. Among sub-categories, the one that scored the highest was the purpose and meaning of life, followed by unifying interconnectedness, inner resources and transcendence. The mean score for death anxiety was 3.22, and the sub-categories in the order of high score were denial of death, awareness of the shortness of time, pure death anxiety and fear of matters related to death. For the burnout, the mean was 4.10. Among sub-categories, highest mark was found with emotional exhaustion, followed by depersonalization and personal accomplishment. The spirituality level was negatively correlated with those of death anxiety and burnout. Death anxiety was positively correlated with burnout levels. Nurses with the higher spirituality level also had a higher level of education and experience of spiritual education, believed in the existence of God. In contrast, death anxiety and burnout levels were higher among those with a lower level of education, atheists, and for those who answered that religion has little influence on life. Conclusion: Thus, it is necessary to provide spiritual interventions for nurses who care for cancer patients to develop their spirituality, reduce death anxiety and prevent them from burning out easily.

Comparative epidemiological studies on vector/reservoir animals of tsutsugamushi disease between high and low endemic areas in Korea (쯔쯔가무시병 다발생지역과 저발생지역간의 매개/숙주동물의 역학적 비교조사)

  • 이한일;조민기
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.27-36
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    • 1995
  • Comparative epidemiological studies on vector reservoir animals of tsutsugamushi disease were carried out in between south coast (the highest endemic) areas and east coast flow endemicl areas in October 1993. Fauna of field rodents and their population densities were not different between two areas. Antibody positive rate of Apodemus agrarius sera was higher in east coast (43.2% in south coast and 63.6% in east coast). High correlation (r = 0.87) was shown between antibody positive rate of A. osrwiur sera and population density of the vector mites (Leptotrombidium scutellare and 1. pnllidunl). L. scutellare was predominant in south coast, showing 110.6 chigger index (74.9% of the total chiggersl , whereas L. pcllidum was predominant in east coast, showing 126.3 chigger index (60.4% of the total). As higher population density of 1. scutellare was found in south coast where the prevalence rate of tsutsugamushi disease is the highest, it is believed that L. scutellare is more important vector species than L. pallidum which may result from more frequent vector-human contact.

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Analysis of storm effects on floods using runoff coefficient (유출계수를 이용한 호우가 홍수에 미치는 영향 분석)

  • Kim, Nam Won;Shin, Mun-Ju
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2016.05a
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    • pp.265-265
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    • 2016
  • 호우가 홍수에 미치는 영향의 분석은 수문현상을 이해하고 수공구조물을 설계하는데 반드시 필요한 절차이다. 호우가 홍수에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해서 독립된 소유역부터 비독립된 대유역까지 홍수량을 계산하고 그 상관성을 이해해야 하지만 상류쪽의 소유역의 경우 관측자료의 부재가 빈번하여 이러한 전반적인 분석이 쉽지 않다. 그리고 소유역과 대유역의 홍수특성을 연관지어 분석하기 위해서는 비교가능한 홍수특성을 추출해야 하며 이러한 일관된 잣대를 사용한 홍수분석은 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 소유역의 자료부재를 보완하기 위해 자료공간확장 방법을 제안하고 이를 통하여 안동댐 유역내 총 50개 지점의 홍수 시계열자료를 생성하였다. 자료공간확장 방법으로써, 안동댐유역의 1989년부터 2009년까지의 자료의 질이 좋은 20개의 사상을 추출하였고 안동댐유역 내에 위치한 안동댐, 도산, 소천의 수위관측지점의 관측유량자료에 대해 분포형 모형인 GRM 모형의 매개변수를 시행착오법으로 동시에 보정하여 한 개셋의 최적 매개변수를 추정하였다. 이때 모의결과를 평가하기 위하여 Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) 계수를 사용하였으며 20갯 사상의 세군데 관측수위지점에 대해서 모의결과가 전반적으로 0.5 NS 계수 이상으로써 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었다. 이 추정된 매개변수는 47개의 추가적인 관심지점의 유출모의에 사용되었으며 이렇게 모의된 유출시계열 자료는 관측시계열 자료로 가정하여 사용하였다. 이렇게 공간확장되어 생성된 시계열 자료는 이동평균방법을 사용하여 홍수강도-지속시간 곡선으로 변환되었고 50개 유역의 평균강우량 시계열 자료 또한 같은 밥법을 사용하여 강우강도-지속시간 곡선으로 변환되었다. 50개 유역의 비교가능한 일관된 홍수특성을 추출하기 위해 비유량법의 유출계수를 계산하였다. 유출계수를 계산하기 위해 유역별 도달시간을 계산하였으며 이 도달시간에 해당하는 강우강도를 추출하였다. 그리고 유역별 첨두 홍수강도를 유역별 도달시간에 해당하는 강우강도로 나눠줌으로써 유역별 유출계수를 계산하였고 이 유출계수를 유역면적에 대해 도시함으로써 그 경향을 조사하였다. 조사 결과 유역면적이 $100km^2$ 이상으로써 상류에서 하류방향으로 유역이 중첩되면서 증가하는 비독립적인 유역들의 경우 유역면적이 증가함에 따라 유출계수가 작아지거나 커지는 어떠한 경향을 보였다. 하지만 유역면적이 $100km^2$ 이하로써 독립적인 소유역의 경우 유역면적이 증가함에 따라 유출계수는 무작위로 분포되었다. 이것은 비독립적인 유역의 경우에는 호우가 홍수에 어떠한 일관된 영향을 미치나 각각 독립된 소유역의 경우에는 일관된 영향을 미치지 않음으로써 지역화방법에 의한 독립된 인근 미계측유역의 유출추정은 그 신뢰성이 높지 않다는 것을 의미한다.

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Analysis on Media Reports of the 「Security Services Industry Act」 Using News Big Data -Focusing on the Period from 1990 to 2021-

  • Cho, Cheol-Kyu;Park, Su-Hyeon
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.199-204
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    • 2022
  • The purpose of this study is to broaden the understanding of the Security Services Industry Act, and also to examine the meanings of various phenomena by analyzing the media report big data rather than the researchers' perspective on the Security Services Industry Act. In the research method, this study searched for a keyword 「Security Services Industry Act」 that prescribes the security work as an important subject of crime prevention and maintenance of public order in Korea. The data was searched from 1990 to 2021 the BIG KINDS could provide. Also, for the concrete analysis during the period of data search, it was divided into settlement period(1976~2001), growth period-quantitative(2002~2012), and growth period-qualitative(2013~2021). In the results of this study, the media report perception of the Security Services Industry Act is continuously emphasizing the social roles and importance of private security according to the flow of time. The consequent marketability of private security will play great roles in the protection of people's lives and properties in the combination with various other industries in the future. However, the private security industry that provides public peace service together with the police, could be rising as an element that hinders the development of private security industry because of various social issues caused by legal regulations and illegal problems, so it would be necessary to more strengthen its responsibility and roles accordingly.

Effect of Aprepitant in Patient with Gastroparesis and Related Disorders (위마비증과 만성 구역 구토 증후군 환자에서 Aprepitant의 효과)

  • Jung, Kyoungwon;Park, Moo In
    • The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology
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    • v.72 no.6
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    • pp.325-328
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    • 2018
  • 위마비증(gastroparesis)이나 만성 구역 구토 증후군(chronic unexplained nausea and vomiting)으로 인한 구역과 구토에 대한 치료는 일반적으로 사용하는 위장관 촉진제에 만족스럽지 못한 경우가 많고, 여러 부작용으로 인하여 장기적으로 사용하기 어려워 보다 효과적인 치료 방법이 필요하다. 최근 미국에서 발표된 본 연구는 위마비증이나 연관 증후군 환자에서 구역과 구토 증상을 줄이기 위한 aprepitant(neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist) 치료의 효과를 분석한 것으로, 향후 일반적인 치료에 불응성 위마비증 환자에서 새로운 약제 사용을 시도해볼 수 있어 소개하고자 한다. 본 Aprepitant for the Relief of Nausea (APRON) 연구는 기질적 질환을 배제하기 위하여 최근 2년 이내 위내시경이 정상이며, 적어도 6개월 이상 조기 포만감(early satiety), 식후 만복감(postprandial fullness), 팽만감(bloating) 그리고 명치부 통증(epigastric pain)을 유발하는 증상과 함께 만성적인 구역이 있는 18세 이상의 성인 중 4시간의 위배출 검사를 시행받은 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 객관적인 지표로 0점에서 45점까지 보이는 9-증상 Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index(GCSI)가 2주 이상 총 21점 이상이며, 0-100 mm의 visual analog scale (VAS)의 7일간의 구역 증상 평균 25 mm 이상인 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 일주일에 3일 이상 narcotics를 사용하였거나 와파린이나 pimozide, terfenadien, astemizole, cisapride를 복용하였던 환자, 2배 이상으로 간 효소 수치상승을 보이거나 Child-Pugh score 10점 이상, aprepitant에 알레르기를 보이는 환자는 제외되었다. 그렇지만 metoclopramide나 erythromycin을 안정적으로 사용 중인 환자는 제외되지 않았다. 위배출 검사는 2시간에서 60% 이상 남아 있거나 4시간에서 10% 이상 남아 있는 경우에 지연된 것으로 정의되었으며, 지연된 위배출 검사 결과 자체는 환자의 등록 기준에 포함되진 않았다. 등록 기준에 포함된 환자는 1:1로 무작위 배정되어 하루 한 번 125 mg의 aprepitant 복용군과 위약군으로 나누어져 연구가 진행되었으며, 약제 복용 4주간 2주 간격으로, 그리고 복용 후 2주 뒤까지 구역 증상의 호전 정도와 약제 안전성을 확인하였다. 이러한 효과를 판정하기 위하여 환자가 방문하는 동안 GCSI를 포함한 Patient Assessment of Upper GI Symptoms (PAGI-SYM), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, daily VAS, daily diary version of the GCSI 그리고 정신 측정 도구와 삶의 질 도구인 Patient health Questionnaire 15와 Short Form 36 version이 측정되었다. 구역에 대한 aprepitant와 위약의 치료 효과의 일차적 판정은 이전 항암 요법에 대한 aprepitant 연구와 같이 28일 평균 VAS 25 mm 미만이거나 치료 전 7일간의 VAS와 비교하여 28일 치료 기간 동안 25 mm 이상 감소한 경우로 정의하였고, 이차 결과는 구역의 매일 시간, 치료 중 구역이 없는 날짜의 퍼센트, PAGI-SYM score의 개선 등으로 확인하였다. 2013년 4월부터 2015년 7월까지 총 126명의 환자가 등록되어 aprepitant군 63명, 위약군 63명으로 무작위 배정되었다. 전체의 57%인 72명에서 위배출 지연이 보였으며, 나머지 43%에서는 정상 또는 빠른 위배출 소견을 보여 만성적으로 설명할 수 없는 구역과 구토에 포함된 환자군으로 확인되었다. 또한 29%에서 당뇨를 가지고 있었으며, 8%에서 수면제를 사용하고 있었다. 최종적으로 aprepitant군은 59명, 위약군은 63명이 연구를 끝까지 종료하였다. 일차 결과에서 aprepitant 군 46%, 위약군 40%의 구역 호전을 보여 두 치료군 간에 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이는 보이지 않았다(상대 위험도 1.2, 95% CI: 0.8-1.7; p=0.43). 그러나 일차 분석의 두 가지 척도(28일 평균 VAS 25 mm 미만과 기저 VAS보다 평균 28일 VAS의 25 mm 이상 감소)를 모두 함께 고려한 민감도 분석에서는 aprepitant군이 37% (22/59)로 위약군의 17%(11/63)에 비하여 통계적으로 의미 있는 구역의 호전을 보였다(상대 위험도 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-4.1; p=0.01). 또한 이차 분석을 살펴보면 aprepitant군에서 PAGI-SYM 중증도 지수로 확인하였을 때, 구역(1.8 vs. 1.0; p=0.005)과 구토(1.6 vs. 0.5; p=0.001)의 중증도 및 매일 구역 시간의 감소를 보였고, 28일 동안 구역이 없는 날짜의 퍼센트 증가 소견을 보였다. 다른 이차 결과 분석에서 aprepitant군이 PAGI-SYM 중증도 지수의 GCSI 종합 점수(1.3 vs. 0.7; p=0.001), 상당한 증상호전, 구역 구토의 세부 점수, 팽만감 세부 점수 그리고 위식도 역류 증상 점수에서 호전을 보였고, 매일 일기로 표현한 daily diary version of the GCSI에 상복부 통증 중증도, 전체 증상 그리고 Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale의 종합 점수에서 호전을 보였다. 연구 중 발생한 부작용은 주로 경증과 중등도 정도의 부작용이 주로 발생하였지만, aprepitant군(35% vs. 17% 위약군, p=0.04)에서 더 많이 발생하였다. 결론적으로 위마비증 또는 위마비증 유사 증후군으로 인한 만성 구역 및 구토 환자의 무작위 시험에서 aprepitant는 VAS 점수를 통한 주요 결과를 분석하였을 때는 구역의 중증도를 호전시키지 못하였지만 다른 이차적 결과에 대해서는 위약군에 대하여 호전 소견을 보였다. 따라서 aprepitant에 효과적인 반응을 보이는 위마비증 환자를 감별하는 추가 임상시험이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

A Study on the Association of Thin Glomerular Basement Membrane Abnormality with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome (사구체 기저막 비박화 소견을 보인 미세변화 신증후군에 관한 고찰)

  • Kim, Chang-Woo;Cho, Min-Hyun;Ko, Cheol-Woo;Koo, Ja-Hoon;Kwak, Jung-Sik
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.48-55
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    • 2002
  • Purpose: Thin glomerular basement membrane nephropathy (TGBMN) is recognized as the leading cause of microscopic hematuria in both children and adults. However thinning of glomerular basement membrane (TCBM) has been found in healthy adult and also is known to be associated with various renal diseases such as Alport syndronh, IgA nephropathy and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. The association of TGBM with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) has been very rare so that the present study was undertaken to determine the relationship between TGBM and MCNS. Methods: The study population consisted of 49 children with biopsy- proven MCNS who have been admitted to the pediatric department of Kyungpook University Hospital during the past 5 years from 1997 to 2001. Group I consisted of 8 children associated with TGBM and Group II 41 children without TCBM. Various parameters such as age of illness, duration from discovery of illness to the time of biopsy, family history of hematuria and other laboratory tests were compared between these two groups and the following results were obtained. Results: Age distribution showed slightly older age in Group I ($7.1{\pm}3.5$ years) compared to Group II ($4.8{\pm}2.9$ years). However this was not statistically different (P=0.056). Family history of hematuria was noted in 2 cases in Group II. Though statistically not significant, hematuria was seen in 2 out of 8 cases ($25\%$) in MCNS children with TGBM, compared to 7 out of 41 cases ($17\%$) with MCNS children without TGBM. Other parameters such as BUN, creatinine, 24 hours urine protein excretion, serum protein, albumin, cholesterol, and T4/T8 ratio, showed no difference. Also renal biopsy finding showed no significant difference and the thickness of glomerular basement membrane in Croup I was $188{\pm}30nm$. Conclusion: TGBM was found in 8 out of 49 children with MCNS ($16.3\%$). And this high frequency of occurrence indicates that these association is not an incidental findings. Typical clinical findings of TCBMN was not noted in all of the 8 children with MCNS associated with TGBM, suggesting that thinning of glomerular basement membrane (TCBN) is secondary to rather than the cause of MCNS. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2002;6: 48-55)

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The effectiveness of biochemical indexes for evaluating the nutrition states of children (소아에서 영양평가로서 생화학적 지표의 유용성)

  • Kim, Jae Kwang;Jin, Hyun Seong;Han, Myung Ki;Kim, Bong Seong;Cha, Choong Hwan;Park, Kie Young
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.52 no.2
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    • pp.167-175
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    • 2009
  • Purpose : This study has been conducted to analyze whether the biochemical nutrition indexes might be useful and effective for evaluating the nutrition states of children. Methods : We evaluated 269 children, aged 3-9 years old, who had visited Gangneung Asan Hospital for elective surgery from January 2006 to December 2007, and examined their anthropometric and preoperative laboratory data with retrospective analysis. The children were classified into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups according to body mass index (BMI). The biochemical nutrition indexes (total lymphocyte count (TLC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum albumin, cholesterol, et al) of each group were then analyzed statistically. Results : None of the groups showed statistically significant differences in TLC. Serum albumin decreased significantly in the underweight group. Red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum total cholesterol in the obese group were higher than in the normal weight group. None of the groups showed statistically significant increase in mean corpuscular volume or mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and it seems that the increase of hemoglobin and RBC count in the overweight and obese groups is due to the enhancement of erythropoiesis rather than iron metabolism. However, in females, almost all nutrition indexes except albumin were statistically significantly poor. Conclusion : Serum albumin, total cholesterol, RBC count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit were useful as nutrition indexes. However, except for albumin, these indexes were significantly poor for females. More control studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of biochemical indexes for evaluating the nutritional state of children.

A Study on Reputation as Corporate Asset (기업자산으로서의 기업명성가치 연구: 국내 4개 기업 슈퍼브랜드와 기업명성, 미디어 이용간 관련성을 중심으로)

  • Lee, Cheol-Han;Cha, Hee-Won
    • Korean journal of communication and information
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    • v.30
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    • pp.203-237
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study is to find a model that can measure the public relations programs based on the assumption that the public relations should aim to lift the corporate reputation. It is a trend that corporate's activities are to be measured from the standpoint of cost-benefit efficiency. However, public relations fields in Korea is left behind this trend because the fields lack in sophisticated model. In order to fill this gap, the researchers introduce the reputation measurement model that can calculate individual corporate public relations programs. In addition, this reputation model Is applied to Korean companies with the expectation of producing a PR index which ran be used to measure the reputation as corporate asset, or superbrand. This study examines the effects of superbrand on consumers according to the media use. Based on the expert group interviews and surveys on consumers, the factors of reputation are drawn. These factors contribute to find reputation model and measurement index which are again applied to measure the Korean companies' public relations programs. Using superbrand as dependent variables and managing abilities, corporate responsibility, corporate communication, and product/employee quality, this study seeks to find which factor specifically attribute to lift corporate reputation. Results show that each factor influences the corporate reputation positively. In addition, the researchers find that media use is moderately related to the superbrand building process in cognitive dimension.

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