• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.188-195
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• 2015

Purpose: We examined the effects of a well-dying program on nursing students in terms of death preparation, death recognition and perception of well-dying perception. Methods: The design of this study was quasi-experimental and non-synchronized with a non-equivalent control group. The study was conducted with nursing students: 32 in the experimental group and 36 in the control group. The well-dying program was consisted of five sessions: introduction, thinking about meaning of death, organizing things to do before dying, looking back on my life, and leaving a trail of my life. Descriptive analysis, t-test, ${\chi}^2$ test and ANCOVA were used with SPSS 18.0 program to analyze the data. Results: After attending the program, a difference was observed in death preparation of the experimental group (t=2.61, P=0.014). The death recognition (F=154.15, P<0.001) score of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups in perception of well-dying (F=0.11, P=0.747). Conclusions: The well-dying program helped nursing students build positive death recognition. Therefore, this study is expected to contribute to development of a death education program for nursing students.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.204-211
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• 2011

Purpose: This study used a nonequivalent control group pre-post test design to analyze how a death preparation education program helps middle-aged adults deal with life and death anxiety. Methods: We studied 83 adults at the age of 40 to 65 years. An experimental group of 38 people participated in the death preparation education, and a control group of 45 people did not. The death preparation program comprising four sections was given for four hours per week, and the program ran for 11 weeks. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ${\chi}^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, and ANCOVA using SPSS version 17.0. Results: The death anxiety score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.000). The quality of life did not show significant difference between the experimental and control groups (P=0.188). Conclusion: It was confirmed that the death preparation education program is effective in alleviating death anxiety. Although the program was confirmed as a necessity for the middle-aged adults, repeated observations with a wider range of experimental group is needed to collect objective and solid data. Death preparation education for middle-aged adults is expected to be more widely provided, starting from local health facilities.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2019

Korea, which became an aging society in 2000, has made transition to an aged society more quickly than expected since late 2017 after 17 years. Despite this trend, the awareness towards elderly housing facilities has not yet been raised across in society. The primary reason is that use of elderly housing facilities has not been promoted due to lack of understanding about the construction and management of the facilities. The housing of the elderly should be considered in terms of not only residential space but also the issues of medical care and continuous care. Therefore, the trend of elderly housing is pursuing the Continuing Care Retirement Community. Thus, this study analyzed the policies of existing elderly housing facilities and existing elderly housing through comparison with policies and housing of foreign countries. Based on the results, the the government intends to present characteristics and direction of suitable housing design of senior citizens' housing facilities through maintenance of UNIT, securing convergence through changes in the use of facilities, and realising the cost of operation, and studying social welfare measures to cope with the increasing number of elderly residents.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.93-100
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• 2022

This study is a descriptive survey study that applies the planned behavior theory to identify the factors influencing the childbirth intention of unmarried men and women. Data were collected from April 05 to April 23, 2021 for 168 unmarried men and women. As a result of the study, in general characteristics, male, old, highly educated, occupational, and non-regular workers had statistically significantly higher childbirth intentions. As a result of examining the correlation between the variables constituting the theory of planned behavior(TPB), it was found that the more positive the attitude toward childbirth, the greater the subjective norm, and the greater the perceived behavior control, the higher the intention to give birth. Multiple regression analyses showed that the factors affecting fertility intention on men and women. The factors affecting fertility intention in men was attitude, with an explanatory power of 62.2% and the factors affecting fertility intention in women were attitudes and perceived behavioral control, and the explanatory power of these variables on fertility intention was 69.0%. In order to increase the intention to give birth, a comprehensive approach is needed, and the research is meaningful in that the results of this study provided basic data in the development of policies and education programs related to low birth rates in the future.

• Korean small business review
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.123-146
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• 2020

This study, targeting KOSDAQ-listed companies, examined the relationship between variability of accruals and corporate characteristics. First, the analysis results show that executives of companies with high debt ratios are more likely to violate debt contracts, so there is a strong temptation to use discretionary accrual items. Second, for companies with large volatility in operating cash flows, Executives of these companies are strongly inclined to utilize accruals for the purpose of abuse of discretion. Third, the larger the company, the more sensitive it is to political costs, so it is less tempted to use the accruals item than a smaller company. Fourth, the corporate age is thought to be the maturity of the company, Executives of such companies have little room to use accruals to abuse their discretion. Fifth, in the case of profit dummy variables, the companies reporting losses have more temporary accrual items than those reporting profits, so this increases the uncertainty in their accounting information than the latter. Sixth, for those companies that are indicated as inappropriate as a result of audit, the more likely their executives are to use the accrual items, and the lower the quality of their accounting profits is. Lastly, Companies audited by 4 Big domestic accounting firms have less discretionary accrual fluctuations than companies audited by non-big 4 accounting firms. Thus, it was found that the accrual amount allows the discretion of corporate executives differently according to the characteristics of the company.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 2022

Recently, the penetration rate of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is higher than the average among OECD member countries, and the number of MRI scans is increasing. However, MRI scans take longer than other medical devices, and patient movement must be minimized. Therefore, patient discomfort always follows. When the examination is performed in the discomfort of the patient, it is difficult to perform an accurate examination, and it is difficult to obtain an image of diagnostic value. So, in the past, the patient was asked to read the written guide for the risk and cooperation of MRI, but it was composed of technical terms and difficult-to-understand sentences, so it was difficult to understand. The purpose of this study is to supplement these problems and increase the understanding of MRI scans to help acquire images of diagnostic value. In addition, it is intended to evaluate the excellence of leaflet education by evaluating the understanding and satisfaction of patients. As shown in the results of this study, understanding and satisfaction scores were higher after education than before leaflet education, and it was found that there was a difference in understanding according to academic background. However, there was no difference in the number of MRI scans. That is, there was no difference in the number of inspections due to leaflet education. In the future, leaflet education will be widely used for MRI examination, and it is necessary to study the qualitative evaluation of images after leaflet education in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.29-40
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• 2022

In this paper, we studied a system that detects and analyzes the pathological features of diabetic retinopathy using Mask R-CNN and a Random Forest classifier. Those are one of the deep learning techniques and automatically diagnoses diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy can be diagnosed through fundus images taken with special equipment. Brightness, color tone, and contrast may vary depending on the device. Research and development of an automatic diagnosis system using artificial intelligence to help ophthalmologists make medical judgments possible. This system detects pathological features such as microvascular perfusion and retinal hemorrhage using the Mask R-CNN technique. It also diagnoses normal and abnormal conditions of the eye by using a Random Forest classifier after pre-processing. In order to improve the detection performance of the Mask R-CNN algorithm, image augmentation was performed and learning procedure was conducted. Dice similarity coefficients and mean accuracy were used as evaluation indicators to measure detection accuracy. The Faster R-CNN method was used as a control group, and the detection performance of the Mask R-CNN method through this study showed an average of 90% accuracy through Dice coefficients. In the case of mean accuracy it showed 91% accuracy. When diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed by learning a Random Forest classifier based on the detected pathological symptoms, the accuracy was 99%.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2008

Purpose : The seasonality of influenza virus and rotavirus are well recognized in winter and so viral surveillance and laboratory-based diagnostics are important to guide the timing of prophylaxis and other interventions. Yet the seasonality of these two viruses are changing in Korea. We evaluated the prevalence and clinical features of influenza virus and rotavirus. Methods : From September 2001 to August 2005, nasopharyngeal aspirates were cultured from the hospitalized patients with lower respiratory infections and the stools from hospitalized patients with gastroenteritis were tested for rotavirus. We retrospectively analysed the medical records. Results : During the study period, respiratory virus was isolated in 578 (18.5%) out of 3,121 patients. Influenza virus was isolated in 143 cases. The seasonal distribution of influenza infection was from December to June of the next year. The ratio of males to females was 1.3:1 and the median age was 17 months. The most common diagnosis of influenza infection was bronchiolitis. Fever and cough were present in 94.4% and 83.9% of the patients, respectively. During the same period, 3,850 patients were admitted for gastroenteritis and 1,047 (27%) patients were positive for rotavirus. Rotavirus was prevailed from December to June of the next year and it presented in year-round. The ratio of males to females was 1.1:1 and the median age was 16 months. Diarrhea and vomiting were the most common symptoms. Conclusion : The recent peak prevalence of influenza virus and rotavirus in Korea was in winter and the late spring, respectively. So we need to expand surveillance and carefully consider the correct period to vaccinate people.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 1999

Objectives. The purpose of this investigation was to study the correlation between cognitive impairment and activities of daily living(ADL) In the elderly of rural area. Methods. The study population consisted of 210 elderly people aged 65 years and older, living in a district of Kyongju City. The cognitive impairment was measured with the Korean version of mini-mental state examination(MMSE-K) and newly constructed the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE). Bristol activities of dally living scale developed specifically to be used with people with dementia was used to measure ADL Results. The mean scores of both MMSE-K and K-MMSE were significantly different by sex groups and by .age groups, respectively(p<0.05). The mean scores of ADL were significantly different by age groups(p<0.01) not by sex groups. Among the 4 components of ADL(instrumental activities of daily living(IADL), self care, orientation, and mobility), the mean score of the orientation was significantly higher in men(p<0.01); and IADL, orientation and mobility components were significantly different by age groups(p<0.01). ADL correlated well with MMSE-K (r=0.54) and K-MMSE(r=0.52) and showed higher correlation in female (r=0.73, 0.71) than male(r=0.27, 0.29). IADL and orientation showed significant correlation with MMSE-K(r=0.52, 0.62) and K-MMSE(r=0.50, 0.63), respectively(p<0.01). Conclusions. In developing and establishing a care model for people with dementia in the community, both cognitive impairment and the activities of daily living(ADL) need to be considered.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2006

Purpose : Appropriate use of antimicrobials is an essential factor to treat infectious diseases and prevent acquisition of antimicrobial resistant pathogens. This study was undertaken to search that application of computerized management program for restriction of antimicrobials use in a hospital is helpful to decrease antimicrobial use density. Methods : Antibiotics utilization committee decided to restrict the use of 16 antimicrobials(14 expensive drugs having fear of drug resistance by pathogens and additional two drugs with inappropriate using tendency). Retrospective evaluation of antimicrobial user numbers between May and July of 2004 and 2005(study group) was conducted to compare with previous use density during same period of 2002 and 2003(control group). Results : Inpatients number of control group($823.5{\pm}37.1$ persons) was more than study group($809.2{\pm}39.3$ persons, P<0.001), but, outpatients number and hospitalized duration were equal in two groups. Antimicrobial user number/100 inpatients per day of glycopeptides and antifungal agents was equal in two groups, and study group was significantly higher density than control group in the use of carbapenems, piperacillin-tazobactam and quinolones(P<0.001). But study group was significantly lower density than control group in the use of drugs with inappropriately using tendency and expensive cephalosporins having broad antimicrobial spectrum(P<0.001). Conclusion : Application of computerized management program for restriction of antimicrobials use in a hospital is effective to decrease the use density of antimicrobials with inappropriately using tendency, but it is an insufficient measures for the restricted use of other antimicrobials on the whole.