• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.74-82
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• 1995

This paper is study on the voice dialing using HMM and post processing of the connected digits. HMM algorithm is widely used in the speech recognition with a good result. But, the maximum likelihood estimation of HMM(Hidden Markov Model) training in the speech recognition does not lead to values which maximize recognition rate. To solve the problem, we applied the post processing to segmental K-means procedure are in the recognition experiment. Korea connected digits are influenced by the prolongation more than English connected digits. To decrease the segmentation error in the level building algorithm some word models which can be produced by the prolongation are added. Some rules for the added models are applied to the recognition result and it is updated. The recognition system was implemented with DSP board having a TMS320C30 processor and IBM PC. The reference patterns were made by 3 male speakers in the noisy laboratory. The recognition experiment was performed for 21 sort of telephone number, 252 data. The recognition rate was $6\%$ in the speaker dependent, and $80.5\%$ in the speaker independent recognition test.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.57-63
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• 2012

Effective use of stethoscope is very important for primary clinical diagnosis for the increasing cardiovascular and respiratory disease. This study developed the contact vibration sensor using piezopolymer film which minimizes the ambient noise, and signal processing algorithm was applied for providing better auscultation sounds compare to the existing electronic stethoscopes. Especially, low frequency heart sounds were acquired without distortion, and the quality of lung sounds were improved. Also, auscultating sounds could be transmitted using bluetooth, which made possible to be used for the u-healthcare environment. Results of this study, auscultation of heart and lung sounds, could be applied to the convergence industry of medical and information communication technology through remote diagnosis.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.91-99
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• 2015

This study intends to build a traffic accident predictive model considering road geometrics, traffic and enviromental characteristics and identify the relationship of 4-legs intersection accidents in Seoul and Busan metropolitan area. The RPNB(Random Parameter Negative Binomial) model shows improvement over the fixed NB(Negative Binomial) and out of 53 variables, 10 variables (main road number of lane, main road vehicle traffic volume(left), minor road vehicle traffic volume(right), main road drive restriction, minor road sight distance, minor road median strip, minor road speed limit, minor road speed restriction) showed to have significant variables affecting traffic accident occurrences in 4-legs signilized intersections. Also, among 10 significant variables, 2 variables(minor road sight distance, minor road speed restriction) found to be random parameters.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2000

The temporal variation of bacterial community and environmental factors, affecting on bacterial community structure were estimated monthly kom April, 1998 to May, 1999. Bacterial community structures were determined by in situ hyblidization with rRNA-targeted fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide probes (FISH) and epifluorescence microscopy; and the statistical analysis was done by SPSS program. The oligonucleotide probes used in this study were EUB338, ALFlb, GAM42a, and CF. In surface water, $\alpha$-group was related to only DOC (-0.538, p<0.05) and Chlorophyll a concentration was related to y-group (-0.630, p$\beta$-group and Cytophaga-Flavobacterium group were related to water temperature as 0.665, and 0.685 @<0.05). Between pH and $\beta$-group, there was a positive relationship (0.541, p<0.05), and Cytophaga-Flavobactevizim group was represent to correlation (0.672, p

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.225-228
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• 2004

환경소음에 관한 연구는 주로 소음노출지역에 대한 소음 측정 및 사회적 조사(Social Survey)를 토대로 이루어 졌다. 이는 장기간 소음에 노출된 사람에 대한 소음평가의 수단뿐만 아니라 소음관련 법안 제정에 있어서 규제치를 결정하는 기준으로도 사용될 수 있다. 이에 반하여 본 논문에서는 소음에 대한 순간적인 반응 즉, 짧은 순간의 소음노출에 대한 주관적 반응을 알아보고자 하였으며, 방법적 측면(Methodology)에서의 제약으로 인하여 가상의 음 재현장치의 구성을 통하여 일반인을 대상으로 청감반응실험을 할 수밖에 없다. 먼저 항공기, 기차, 자동차 소음의 샘플을 녹음하여 일련의 신호처리 과정을 통하여 청감반응실험에 사용될 음원을 만들고, 청력검사를 통하여 청각에 이상이 있다고 판단되는 피검자의 데이터는 배제시킨 후 실험을 행하였다. 이러한 청감반응실험을 통하여 소음원의 종류, 성별, 연령, 소음 민감도 등에 따라 소음에 대한 성가심, 불쾌감의 정도는 다르게 나타남을 알 수 있었다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.69-76
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• 1994

Acoustic cues of some consonantal phonology were tested in Korean words. All Korean consonants were recorded and acoustically analyzed in controlled phonological environments :ⅰ) word-initial, ⅱ) inter-vocalic, and ⅲ) word-final positions. The observed acoustic regulations are : ⅰ) The lengths of obstruents are longer word-initially than word-finally, ⅱ) The lengths of sonorants are longer word-finally than in word-initial or inter-vocalic positions, ⅲ) The formants of the lateral sound /l/ are higher word-finally than intervocalically. The phonological explanations of these acoustic regulations can be found in the rules of ⅰ) inter-vocalic voicing of plain stops, ⅱ) syllable-final unreleasing of obstruents, ⅲ) word-initial aspiration of stops, and ⅳ) liquid alternation between [r] and [l]. Numerical data of all these acoustic regulations are reported in order to facilitate their application toward improving naturalness for speech synthesis and accurateness for speech recognition.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2017

Public library is the most well-used cultural infrastructure, life-long learning space, and social facility within local community. In order to respond to the multi-purpose identities, space structure of many public libraries is changed or reconstructed to open-concept, multi-functional and interconnected areas. Accordingly, the noise issue in public libraries has emerged as one of key environmental parameters and noise management is bound to be considered as a scale for determining whether a user-friendly library. This study measured the noise level of the public libraries in Daegu city, analyzed measurement results on the basis of national and international standards, and suggested the various reduction plans.

• Solar Energy
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.66-78
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• 1990

The purpose of this study is to provide materials necessary for planning and designing of passive solar school buildings by comparing and analyzing the satisfaction degree on old passive solar school building environment characteristics according to the school building pattern. In conclusion, passive solar systems are effective and economical when they are applied to school buildings for heating systems.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• spring
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• pp.329-332
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• 2000

변수로서 악센트구 내 음절수, 첫째 음절과 둘째 음절의 음절 유형 (폐음절 대 개음절), 첫째 음절과 둘째 음절의 초성 자음의 유형 등을 고려하여 선택된 3음절 무의미 단어 35개와 4음절 무의미 단어 35개를 사용하여 4음절 이상으로 이루어진 서울말 악센트구의 성조에 대 하여 조사하였다. 이 실험의 발화에서는 1) 악센트구성조에 대하여 4음절과 5음절의 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 2) 음절 유형은 첫째 음절의 초성 자음이 보통음일 때는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 센소리일 때는 둘째 음절의 유형이 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 드러났다 3) 악센트구 성조에 대하여 첫째 음절의 초성 자음의 유형이 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다 첫째 음절의 초성 자음이 센소리일 때 악센트구 4개 성조 모두 보통음일 때에 비해 높게 나타났다. 4) 둘째 음절의 초성 자음의 유형도 자신의 성조에 유의한 영향을 끼치는 것으로 드러났으며 센 소리로 시작하는 경우에 다른 유형의 자음에 비하여 자신의 피치 값이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• spring
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• pp.191-194
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 해양의 기초 생산자인 잘피 (Zostera marina)의 후방산란 특성을 일주기 동안 관측 하였다. 해상 실험은 2004년 2월 $25\~29$일 기간 중 남해 동대만에서 실시 하였다. 그랩(Grab)을 이용하여 해초지의 입도를 분석 하였으며 주파수별 산란 특성을 고려하기 위해서 17, 30, 50, 80, 100, 그리고 120kHz 음원을 해초지에 수직 지향하여 주, 야간 잘피의 후방 산란을 측정하였다. 실험 환경 분석을 위해 파고와 조석 및 잘피의 생체량(biomass)측정을 실시 하였다. 광합성 시 해초지에서 발생되는 산소 공기는 해수에 의해 용존 되거나 산소 가스 형태로 존재하게 된다. 이들 공기 방울에 의해서 형성되는 공기 방울 층은 음 세기의 감쇠를 야기 시킨다. 실험 결과 주, 야간 동안 음의 산란 강도 변화를 확인 하였다.