• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.6_3
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• pp.1733-1741
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• 2020

This study analyzed the effect of meteorological factors on the concentration of PM10 (particulate matter 10) in the atmosphere and the variation of rainwater quality using multivariate statistical analysis. The concentration of PM10 in the atmosphere was continuously measured during eleven precipitation events with a custom-built PM sensor node. A total of 183 rainwater samples were analyzed for pH, EC (electrical conductivity), and water-soluble cations (Na+, Mg2+, K+, Ca2+, NH4+) and anions (Cl-, NO3-, SO42-). The data has been analyzed using two multivariate statistical techniques (principal component analysis, PCA, and Pearson correlation analysis) to identify relationships among PM10 concentrations in the atmosphere, meteorological factors, and rainwater quality factors. When the rainfall intensity was relatively strong (> 5 mm/h, rainfall type 1), the PM10 concentration in the atmosphere showed a negative correlation (r = -0.55, p < 0.05) with cumulative rainfall. The PM10 concentration increased the concentration of water-soluble ions (r = 0.25) and EC (r = 0.4), and decreased the pH (r = -0.7) of rainwater samples. However, for rainfall type 2 (< 5 mm/h), there was no negative correlation between the PM10 concentration in the atmosphere and cumulative rainfall and no statistically significant correlation between the PM10 concentration in the atmosphere and rainwater quality.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.315-322
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• 2020

This study was carried out to provide basic data for prevention of burnout by measuring levels of self-efficacy, social support and burnout that nursing students experienced during clinical practice and identifying factors influencing burnout. This is a descriptive research targeting 173 junior- and senior-year nursing students in Y area, and data were collected from October 15^th to November 4^th 2019. For data analysis, frequencies and percentages were calculated, and t-test and ANOVA were conducted along with the Scheffé test as a post-test. In addition, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis were employed. The study results are as follows. There were significant differences in self-efficacy, social support and burnout depending on grades(t= -2.20, p=.029) and major satisfaction(F=3.62, p=.029) among general characteristics of nursing students. When analyzing correlations among self-efficacy, social support and burnout of nursing students, there was a positive correlation between self-efficacy and social support(r=.214, p=.005), a negative correlation between burnout and self-efficacy(r=-.253, p<.001) and a negative correlation between burnout and social support(r=-.175, p=.021). Major satisfaction(β= -.21, p=.006) had the biggest influence on burnout, and it was followed by self-efficacy(β= -.16, p=.032) and social support(β= -.15, p=.047). The explanatory power of the model was 13.8 percent. In conclusion, it is required to improve university life satisfaction and clinical practice satisfaction and develop programs, which enhance social support and self-efficacy, for preventing burnout of nursing students during clinical practice.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.433-441
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• 2021

This study was carried out to provide basic data for development of a program for reducing burnout by examining the relation among clinical practice stress, communication competence and burnout. For this study, data were collected from third-year and fourth-year nursing students from one university in M city, who have experience in clinical practice, from 17^th to 30^th September 2020. The mean score of clinical practice stress, communication competence and burnout in nursing students was 3.08, 3.38 and 2.94 out of 5 points respectively, which means they were above the average. Clinical practice stress significantly differed depending on practice satisfaction(F=7.058 p=.001) of nursing students, and burnout showed statistically significant differences depending on age(F=5.159 p=.007), admission motives(F=3.034 p=.019) and practice satisfaction(F=7.718 p=.001). There was a significant negative correlation(r=-.223, p<.001) between clinical practice stress and communication competence, a significant positive correlation(r=.194 p<.001) between clinical practice stress and burnout and a significant negative correlation(r=-.155, p=.032) between communication competence and burnout. In conclusion, there is a need to seek educational plans for reducing burnout of nursing students and develop a program for improving their communication competence.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.48-58
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• 2023

This study is a descriptive survey research on nursing workers at long-term care hospitals, who are largely divided into nurses and nurse aides, to identify the factors that affect their turnover intention. From August 12 to 16, 2022, the survey was conducted for 146 nursing workers in four long-term care hospitals located in G city. The survey results indicated that there were differences in their turnover intention depending on their age, religion, marital status, educational level, average monthly salary, job type, duty pattern and turnover experience, of all general characteristics (p<.05). Turnover intention had a significant positive correlation with job stress (r=.51, p<.001) and burnout (r=.62, p<.001), and had a significant negative correlation with organizational commitment (r=.-56, p<.001). Organizational commitment had a significant negative correlation with job stress (r=-.25, p=.002) and burnout (r=.-.67, p<.001), while burnout had a significant positive correlation with job stress (r=.56, p<.001). Factors influencing the nursing workers' turnover intention included job stress (β=.32, p<.001), organizational commitment (β=-.30, p=.001) and education level (β=.17, p=.022), with an explanatory power of 49.6%. Based on the results of this study, it is considered that efforts to improve the working environment for nursing workers at long-term care hospitals are needed by reducing their job stress and improving organizational commitment in order to reduce their turnover intention.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2000

The spatial distribution of allelic frequencies was studied in the natural population of three species (Ligustrum obtusiflolium, Alnus japonica, and Pinus densflora). The distributional patterns of the crown-cover centers were compared between two populations in forests. L. obtusifolium and p. densiflora showed a significantly positive spatial autocorrelation as measured by Moran's I. In P densiflora, the genetic similarity was shown by individuals within up to a scale of 18 m distance and this is partly due to combination of pollen dispersal and long distance seed dispersal by wind or men. In L. obtusifolium, population structure in the distribution of allelic frequencies is related to mating systems and is consisted of a scale of 12.5 m intervals. No spatial structuring of allele frequencies was found for polymorphic enzyme loci within a natural population of Alnus japonica. The results also in- dicate that positive associations between L. obtusifolium and P densiflora can occur when both select the same habitat or have the same environmental requirements.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.224-234
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• 2013

This study examined a strong positive correlation between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index during June and the total tropical cyclone (TC) genesis frequency in the western North Pacific during July and August. To investigate a possible cause for this relationship, the mean difference between the highest positive NAO years and the lowest negative NAO years was analyzed by dividing into when the El Ni$\tilde{n}$o and La Ni$\tilde{n}$a years were included and when the El Ni$\tilde{n}$o and La Ni$\tilde{n}$a years were not included. When the El Ni$\tilde{n}$o and La Ni$\tilde{n}$a years were included, for the positive NAO years, the TCs mostly occurred in the northwestern region of tropical and subtropical western Pacific, and showed a pattern that migrate from the sea northeast of the Philippines, pass the East China Sea, and move toward the mid-latitudes of East Asia. In contrast, for the negative NAO years, the TCs mostly occurred in the southeastern region of tropical and subtropical western Pacific, and showed a pattern that migrate westward from the sea southeast of the Philippines, pass the South China Sea, and move toward the southern coast of China and Indochinese peninsula. These two different TC migration patterns affect the recurving location of TC, and for the positive NAO years, the recurving of TC was averagely found to take place in the further northeast. In addition, the migration patterns also affect the TC intensity, and the TCs of positive NAO years had stronger intensity than the TCs of negative NAO years as sufficient energy can be absorbed from the ocean while moving north in the mid-latitudes of East Asia. The TCs of negative NAO years showed weak intensity as they get weaken or disappear shortly while landing on the southern coast of China and the Indochinese peninsula. On the other hand, the above result of analysis is also similarly observed when the El Ni$\tilde{n}$o and La Ni$\tilde{n}$a years were not included.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2013

For radiotherapy in rectal cancer patients treated with small bowel displacement device (SBDD) and belly board, We will suggest new indication of using SBDD depending on obesity index by analyzing correlation between obesity and irradiated small bowel volume. In this study, We reviewed 29 rectal cancer patients who received pelvic radiation therapy with belly board and SBDD from January to April in 2012. We only analyzed those patients treated with three-field technique (PA and both LAT) on 45 Gy (1.8 Gy/fx). We measured patients' height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and divided BMI into two groups.(${\geq}23$:BMI=group1, <23:BMI=group2) We performed a statistical analysis to evaluate correlation between total volume of bladder($TV_{bladder}$), obesity index and high dose volume of small bowel (small bowel volume irradiated at 90% of prescribed dose, $HDV_{sb}$), low dose volume of small bowel (small bowel volume irradiated at 33% of prescribed dose, $LDV_{sb}$). The result shows, gender, WHR and status of pre operative or post operative do not greatly affect $HDV_{sb}$ and $LDV_{sb}$. Statistical result shows, there are significant correlation between $HDV_{sb}$ and BMI (p<0.04), $HDV_{sb}$ and $TV_{bladder}$ (p<0.01), $LDV_{sb}$ and $TV_{bladder}$ (p<0.01). BMI seems to correlate with $HDV_{sb}$ but does not with $LDV_{sb}$ (p>0.05). There are negative correlation between $HDV_{sb}$ and BMI, $TV_{bladder}$ and $HDV_{sb}$, $TV_{bladder}$ and $LDV_{sb}$. Especially, BMI group1 has more effective and negative correlation with $HDV_{sb}$ (p=0.027) than in BMI group2. In the case of BMI group 1, $TV_{bladder}$ has significant negative correlation with $HDV_{sb}$ and $LDV_{sb}$ (p<0.04). In conclusions, we confirmed that Using SBDD with belly board in BMI group1 could more effectively reduce irradiated small bowel volume in radiation therapy for rectal cancer. Therefore, We suggest using belly board with SBDD in order to reduce the small bowel toxicity in rectal radiotherapy, if patients' BMI is above 23.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.1-14
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to explore the causality among technostress creators. In doing so, we can suggest the ways how to reduce a technostress of employees. Research results suggest that pace of change has a positive effect on the work overload and has a negative effect on work-home conflict. Complexity of technology positively influences not only work overload but job insecurity. Work overload has a significant effect on work-home conflict. Finally, work-home conflict has a positive effect on job insecurity. Conclusions and implications are discussed.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.199-237
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• 2006

The relationship between growth and distribution, which has been revealed through many empirical evidences, is that growth is distribution neutral on average and high asset inequality could be a hindrance of economic growth. The growth versus distribution dichotomy is false, as poverty reduction requires blending policy of growth and distribution both theoretically and empirically. At this present, the pro-poor growth policy, which has been recommended by the World Bank, should be urgently needed in Korea to achieve the reduction of absolute poverty through the harmony between growth and distribution. However, it is not easy to expect the reduction of absolute poverty if the Korean government, in means of reducing absolute inequality, pursues anti-polarization policy. Specifically, we cannot deny the existence of negative correlation between absolute poverty and absolute inequality on average.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1989.10a
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• pp.120-125
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• 1989

음성 신호에는 언어정보이외에 여러 요인에 의한 정보가 포함되어 있어서, 문자와 일대일로 대응되는 분절을 정확하게 검출하기가 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 선형 예측계수 (LPC) 스펙트럼의 첨두 부분을 강조한 이진 (binary) 스펙트럼을 제안하고, 이를 바탕으로 음의 안정영역과 천이영역을 통합하여 음향특징을 추출하고자 한다. 각 영역의 특징은 이진 스펙트럼을 누적하여 구하며, 통합적인 특징은 각 영역의 특징을 결합한 관계적 특징으로 나타낸다. 제 2 차 포르만트 주파수의 궤적을 관계적 특징으로 하여, 양순 비음과 치조 비음을 구별한 결과, 모음의 문맥과 화자에 비교적 독립적인 인식결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 이진 스펙트럼이 원래의 스펙트럼에 포함된 정보를 유지하는지 검토하기 위해, 같은 거리척도 (distance measure) 에 의해 인식 실험한 결과 이진 스펙트럼의 성능이 오히려 우수하게 나타났으며, 관계적 이진 스펙트럼의 경우 화자에 따른 변화가 더욱 적었다. 음성에 백색 잡음 (Gaussian white noise)을 더하여 잡음음성 (noisy speech) 을 만든 뒤, 같은 방법으로 실험한 결과도 유사한 인식결과를 얻을 수 있어 제안된 이진 스펙트럼의 유효성을 확인하였다.