• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 1993

Antibody test is sometimes necessary for the diagnosis of acute human metagonimiasis because eggs may not be detected in stool. The antibody test (ELISA) was evaluated for its significance by reacting human sera from clinically diagnosed metagonimiasis, fascioliasis, clonorchiasis and paragonimlasis with 4 crude extracts of Metosonimn vokognwai (metacercariael , adults of Fosciola hepatica Cronorchis sinenis and Paragonimus westermoni. By ELISA, 10 of 11 metagonimlasis sera showed the highest absorbance (abs.) to the homologous antigen. Cross reactions to M. yokogawai antigen occurred most frequently in clonorchiasis sera. The antigenic protein fractions in M. vokogawai metacercarial extract were observed by SDS-PAGElimmunoblot using patients and control sera together with experimental cat sera. Out of 14 protein bands In the extract, 11 bands were reacting. Cross reacting bands to other trematodiasis sera were frequently observed. Of the reacting bands, 66 and 22 kDa proteuls were recognized as specific for metagonimiasis.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.38-50
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• 2015

Appearance patterns of freshwater fish were investigated in the western Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) adjacent areas near Imjin River in Gyeonggi-do, Korea, of 2014. A total of 61 species belonging to 14 families were found in the river during the survey. The dominant and subdominant species were Zacco platypus (Relative abundance, 20.3%) and Zacco koreanus (12.6%), respectively. Other abundant species include Rhinogobius brunneus (9.2%), Pungtungia herzi (4.4%), Acheilognathus yamatsutae (4.4%), and Pseudogobio esocinus (4.0%). Among the residing species, 24 species (39.3%) were endemic to Korea; and 1 species, Carassius cuvieri, was non-indigenous species. Hemibarbus mylodon is a natural monument, and Lethenteron reissneri, Acheilognathus signifer, Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa, Gobiobotia brevibarba, G. macrocephala, and G. naktongensis are endangered species in Korea. In addition, Anguilla japonica and Plecoglossus altivelis are catadromous and amphidromous species, respectively. Among the investigated sites, the lower part of Sami Stream (St. 5, 6) and Gunnarm-dam region (St. 11, 14) are particularly valuable for the conservation of species diversity, because many fish species (33~42 species) including a natural monument and several endangered species inhabit in these regions.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.142-156
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• 2020

This study surveyed Gyeongan Stream, a tributary of the Han River Drainage System, from April to October 2017 to investigate the characteristics of fish communities. The survey collected 40 species of 11 families from 48 survey stations using kick nets and cast nets. The dominant and subdominant species were Zacco platypus (48.0%) and Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (17.7%), respectively. The next most abundant species were Pungtungia herzi (6.8%), Z. koreanus (5.0%), Carassius auratus (4.3%), Squalidus gracilis majimae (2.7%), and Rhodeus notatus (2.5%). Among the fish collected, 14 species (35.0%) were Korean endemic species, and the exotic species were Micropterus salmoides, Lepomis macrochirus, and Cyprinus carpio (Israeli type). The land-locked species were Plecoglossus altivelis, Rhinogobius brunneus, and Cottus koreanus, while the species sensitive to climate change was C. koreanus. The community analysis showed that the dominance was higher at the uppermost stream station, whereas diversity and abundance tended to be lower at the upstream station and higher toward the downstream station. The community structure was largely divided into rivers (uppermost stream, upstream, and middle-lower stream) and lake. The river health was mostly good (23 stations, 47.9%) and fair (15 stations, 31.3%). Comparison with past surveys showed that 12 species identified in the past surveys did not appear in this survey; nine species appeared for the first time in this survey; and the ecosystem disturbance species - M. salmoides and L. macrochirus - tended to spread more widely gradually.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.79-90
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• 1997

Monthly samples of surf zone fish at Taechon Beach were collected by a beach seine from June 1995 to May 1996, and analyzed for the species composition, abundance and community structure. Of 26 species identified, Favonigobius gymnauchen, Leiognathus nuchalis, Sillago japonica and Kareius bicoloratus predominated in abundance. In spring, the adults of resident species were dominated. A large number of juveniles of pelagic or demersal fish occupied the surf zone from summer to autumn. Fish numbers and biomass were low in winter. The species composition of the present study showed a similar seasonal trend to that obtained in 1984-85. However, demersal fish such as K. bicoloratus, Repomucenus lunatus, Johnius belengerii and Enedrias fangi, and L. nuchalis were increased, while pelagic fish such as Thrissa koreana, Sardinella zunasi and Konosirus punctatus were diminished. These changes seemed to be related to sedimentation of fine particles for demersal fish and subsequent increase in turbidity for pelagic fish after reclamation in the bay.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 1991

The present study intended to evaluate the influences of MetagonimMi yokogawai on the activities of brush border membrane bound enzymes of the small intestine. Mice were infected with 500 metacercariae respectively, and the worm recovery, morphological changes and enzyme activities were observed chronologically. A part of them were followed after the treatment. Recovered worms decreased in number continuously after the infection, and they were less than 10% after 2 weeks and almost Bero after 28 weeks. Villous atrophy and stromal inflammation were found at two locations of the proximal jejunum from 2 weeks to 4 weeks after the infection. The enzymes, alkaline phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase and disaccharidases (sucrase, lactase, maltase, and trehalase), showed lowered activities in the duodenum and proximal jejunum of the infected mice but they increased in the distal jejunum for the first two weeks. From three weeks after the infection, the activities were gradually recovered. In one week treated mice, they recovered the activities at 2 weeks from the treatment, but there found no differences of the activities between the 3 week treated group and infected controls. The present data reveal that M. yckogawai infection induces degenerative changes of the host's intestinal mucosa not only morphologically but functionally during the initial phase of infection. The lowered enzyme activities in acute metagonimiasis should be associated with malabsorption and diarrhea.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.160-169
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• 2019

The migration status of waterbirds inhabiting the 10 coastal wetlands in the south and west coasts (Jangbongdo, Muuido, Daecheoncheon estuary, Seocheon tidal flat, Yubudo, Gomso bay, Hauido, Jeungdo, Doam bay, Gangjin bay) was examined from May 2008 to March 2013. For the most dominant taxonomical group, shorebirds accounted for 37.5% of the number of species and 67.1% of the total population, followed in the order of dabbling ducks, herons, and seagulls. The dominate species were Calidris alpina, Larus crassirostris, Limosa lapponica, Charadrius alexandrinus, and Calidris tenuirostris. Shorebirds were observed most at Seocheon Tidal Flats and Yubudo Island, and dabbling ducks were found most in Doam Bay. Diving ducks were observed most at Gangjin Bay and seagulls were seen most frequently at Seocheon Tidal Flats. The ten coastal wetlands of the western and southern coasts were divided into three groups according to the similarity index of waterbirds (Ro). Group 1 was the area where dabbling ducks and diving ducks were dominant, group 2 was the area where shorebirds were dominant, and group 3 was the area where seagulls were dominant. It was evident that there were differences in species composition depending on the regional environments.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
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• v.4
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• pp.59-102
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• 2022

Since there were only few countries that could find wild ginseng grown in nature, the culture of digging wild ginseng was only developed in a small number of countries. In a time when the orthodox head-Simmemani has disappeared, the tangible and intangible culture of Simmemani (wild ginseng digger) is disappearing more and more with the passage of time. So far, the conducted research on wild ginseng diggers was very partial and simplistic as follows: ① Research on the argot of Simmemani, ② Research on the customs of Simmemani, ③ Research on the change of customs of Simmemani, ④ Additional records through interview with Simmemani. Accordingly, no comprehensive study on the Simmemani culture has been done yet. This study supplements the historical materials that were not reflected in previous studies, and discuss on diverse subjects including the definition and classification of wild ginseng, the distribution of wild ginseng and Simmemani, interpretation of wild ginseng digging from a legal and social point of view, the organization responsible for the digging, determination of the date of entering the mountain, preparations, taboos, departure and entry into a mountain, religious events, psalmbook, dream interpretation, search and discovery of wild ginseng, digging, profit sharing, the amount of harvested wild ginseng, and the price of wild ginseng. In addition, Korean wild ginseng digging culture was comprehensively studied by attaching the photos and illustrations of historical documents with the psalmbook of the head-Simmemani.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.253-264
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the practice of scientists from the perspective of Ian Hacking's 'creation of phenomena'. Scientific phenomena, according to Hacking, are regular and do not exist in nature without the intervention of scientists or experimental tools. This study tries to derive scientific educational meaning by analyzing the thoughts and episodes of the 'Sontanda (inter-individual variability)' phenomenon experienced by four life scientists. The Sontanda phenomenon is a common term used by scientists to describe phenomena in which findings do not appear consistently even when studies are carried out using the same experimental procedure and materials. The following four educational implications were discovered as a result of the research. First, we confirmed the importance of embodied knowledge, or non-verbal knowledge, which solves issues by making appropriate judgments and reactions at all times, rather than simply becoming accustomed to the experimental method. This argues that propositional knowledge and non-verbal knowledge should be handled equally in order to provide students with a practical scientific inquiry. Second, we tried to reconsider the picture of the experiment. The phenomenon revealed in the interviews of scientists is rare, and it takes a long time to stabilize the phenomenon. On the other hand, the image of school experiments is always positive and consistent, necessitating a shift in perspective. Third, the precise meaning of scientific practice could be confirmed. This study confirms that scientists use their knowledge effectively in line with the circumstances, and we examined strategies to apply scientific practice to school instruction based on this. Finally, by provoking uncertainty, the Sontanda phenomena may give students with an opportunity to engage in meaningful scientific involvement. By breaking away from the cookbook experiment, this study expects school experimental education to help in efforts to experience scientific practice.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.203-213
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• 1985

The in situ posture of anterior body of Metagonimus yokogawai was observed in experimental metagonimiasis of dog. The metacercariae were collected from naturally infected sweetfish by peptic digestion; a total of 8 dogs was orally infected with 10,000 metacercariae respectively. Two dogs were killed on 3 days, 9 days, 4 weeks and 10 weeks after the infection. The postures of worms in histological section of small intestine and of whole worms collected from the fixed intestinal mucosa were examined by light and scanning electron microscope. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The recovery rates of worms were 42.6% on 3 days, 55.0% on 9 days, 33.2% on 4 weeks and 9. 8% on 10 weeks after the infection respectively. 2. In histological sections of small intestine, most of worms were found at intervillous spaces as ovoid sections of posterior body. However, many worms, especially in 3 day-old worms, revealed protruded anterior body in glandular lumens of crypt. Some sections of anterior body were bifurcated or sacculated. 3. The worms collected from fixed intestinal mucosa under dissecting microscope exhibited a variety of postures. Many worms showed flat shapes with a concavity or curvatures. However, in many worms, the anterior body made a single or multiple protrusions. 4. By SEM observation of protruded anterior body, a longitudinal groove was found. 5. The frequency of worms with protruded anterior body decreased in 9 days, 4 weeks and 10 weeks than in 3 day-old worms. The above findings indicated that the anterior body of juvenile and adult M. yokogawai protruded to lumens of glandular crypt by folding their lateral portions to make a reversible tubelike structure. Frequent multiple protrusions were considered to be made to adapt the microniche of glandular crypts of dog intestine.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.383-390
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• 1984

The present paper was carried out to elucidate the effect of salt-treatment and the addition of some food additives on the histamine formation and histidine decarboxylase activity in mackerel muscle during storage under different conditions. The histamine formation was inhibited by salting and histamine was hardly formed regardless of the brine concentraction during storage at $5^{\circ}C$. While, during storage at $25^{\circ}C$, the inhibitory effect upon the histamine formation and histidine decarboxylase activity was in proportion to the increase of the brine concentration. The addition of accidulants such as citric acid, malic acid and succinic acid inhibited the histamine formation and histidine decarboxylase activity. Especially, the histamine contents in the muscle added $10\%$ of citric acid and malic acid was below the critical concentration of poisoning for histamine during storage at $25^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. The histamine formation and histidine decarboxylase activity were inhibited by the $10\%$ addition of D-sorbitol, while there was no significant effect in the case of $5\%$ addition. Generally, the histamine content was increased with histidine decarboxylase activity, but didn't reveal the quantitative correlation ship with the enzyme activity.