• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.672-680
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• 2017

A solar photovoltaic system is composed of a module mounting structure, supporting trunk, and a control unit that supplies generated electrical power to an external power grid or a load. The efficiency of the system depends on the incident solar light, so the mounting structure is installed to face the sun. However, because the sun always moves, systems that track the sun have better efficiency than fixed systems. The structure experiences wind pressure, snow load, seismic load, and structure weight. The wind pressure has the most serious effect on the structure. The pressure was obtained using finite element method for various gaps between modules and angles between the panel and the ground. The wind pressure is lowest when the gap is zero, and it increases with the inclination angle. Based on the results, a mounting structure module was designed.

• Water for future
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.137-148
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• 1993

A hybrid finite difference method for the longitudinal dispersion equation was developed. The method is based on combining the Holly-Preissmann scheme with the fifth-degree Hermite interpolating polynomial and the generalized Crank-Nicholson scheme. Longitudinal dispersion of an instantaneously-loaded pollutant source was simulated by the model and other characteristics-based numerical methods. Computational results were compared with the exact solution. The present method was free from wiggles regardless of the Courant number, and exactly reproduced the location of the peak concentration. Overall accuracy of the computation increased for smaller value of the weighting factor, $\theta$ of the model. Larger values of $\theta$ overestimated the peak concentration. Smaller Courant number gave better accuracy, in general, but the sensitivity was very low, especially when the value of $\theta$ was small. From comparisons with the hybrid method using the third-degree interpolating polynomial and with split-operator methods, the present method showed the best performance in reproducing the exact solution as the advection becomes more dominant.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.459-467
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• 2012

In this work, the configuration of a haptic gripper featuring magnetorheological(MR) brakes is proposed and an optimal design of the MR brakes for the haptic griper is performed considering the required braking torque, the uncontrollable torque(zero-field friction torque) and mass of the brakes. Several configurations of MR brake is proposed such as disc-type, serpentine-type and hybrid-type. After the configurations of the MR brakes are proposed, braking torque of the brakes is analyzed based on Bingham rheological model of the MR fluid. The zero-field friction torque of the MR brakes is also analyzed. An optimization procedure based on finite element analysis integrated with an optimization toolbox is developed for the MR brakes. The purpose of the optimal design is to find optimal geometric dimensions of the MR brake structure that can produce the required braking torque and minimize the mass of the MR brakes. In addition, the uncontrollable torque of the MR brakes is constrained to be much smaller than the required braking torque. Based on the developed optimization procedure, optimal solution of the proposed MR brakes are achieved and the best MR brake is determined. The working performance of the optimized MR brake is then investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.04b
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• pp.51-51
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• 2009

Thin Cross 초음파모터의 구조는 그림 1(a)와 같이 크로스형태의 얇은 스테이터에 윗면과 아랫면에 각각 8개의 압전세라믹이 부착된 형태이다. 압전세라믹의 분극방향은 로터와 접촉하는 스테이터의 중심부인 네 개의 타 점에서 순차적인 타원변위가 생성되도록 결정된다. 유한요소해석프로그램인 ATILA 5.2.4를 사용하여 최적설계된 모델을 제작하였고, 푸쉬풀 게이지, x-y 스테이지, rpm 메타, 토크 게이지를 이용하여 구동시스템을 구성하였다. 그림 1(b)는 마이크로컨트롤러(ATmega)를 이용한 구동 드라이버를 보여준다. 한 주기에서 1/4분주의 순차적인 네 개 의 구형파를 생성하고, 이를 push-pull회로를 통하여 90도의 위상차가 나는 정현파를 생성하여 초음파 모터의 구동 전원으로 사용한다. 피드백 회로인 맨코더와 AD 컨버터는 정속도 운전을 위해서 사용되었다. 제안된 구동드라이버를 이용하여 측정한 결과, 기존의 제품화된 드라이버와 비교하여도 특성의 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며 피드백 회로를 통하여 부하변화에 따른 속도의 극심한 변화를 비교적 안정화 시킬 수 있었다. 입력전압을 증가시킬수록 속도는 선형적인 증가를 보였고 토크는 이와 반대로 감소하는 특성을 보였다. 피드백 제어회로가 없는 경우에는 프리로드 변화에 따른 극심한 속도 변화를 보였고, 피드백 제어를 하였을 경우에는 0.2~0.4[N]의 범위에서 정속도 운전이 가능함을 확인하였으며, 장시간의 운전에도 온도 및 속도특성이 안정적인 특성을 보였다.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose that three uniform coplanar waveguides(CPWs), such as a conventional, finite grounded(FG), and grounded(G) CPWs, can be coupled with a $TE_{01{\delta}}$ mode dielectric resonator(DR) for a parallel resonant characteristic as a microstrip line coupled with the DR. Coupling characteristics have been investigated by placing the DR on a dielectric support above the CPWs and by moving the DR away from the center of a slot of the CPWs to the ground plane. FEM simulation(HFSS) results in terms of S-parameters agree well with measurement results. Finally, unloaded Q values of the DR coupled with the three uniform CPWs are compared with those of the DR coupled with a microstrip line. The comparison shows that the DR coupled with the three CPWs has higher unloaded Qs than that coupled with a microstrip line and that the GCPW case has the highest unloaded Qs.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.440-447
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• 1999

Tensile stress loaded on smart composite structures and thermal stress occurred during the during process of the smart composite materials with embedded optical fiber sensors affect directly the mechanical behavior of the embedded optical fiber sensors within the smart composite structures. Stress distribution within the optical fiber sensors varies with respect to the stacking sequence of the composite laminate and the coating conditions of the optical fibers. The cracks occurred within the composite laminate affect not only the fracture of the composite laminate but also the fracture of the optical fiber sensors embedded within the composite laminate. In this study, firstly, stress distribution of the optical fiber sensors embedded within the composite laminate which is subjected to the tensile and thermal stresses was analyzed using Finite Element Method. And, secondly, the effect of the stacking sequence of the composite laminate and the coating conditions of the optical fiber sensors on the stress distribution of the optical fiber sensors was investigated. Finally, the effect of the crack occurred within the smart composite laminate on the fracture behavior of the optical fiber sensors was also observed through the tensile test.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.41-48
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• 2014

Experimental study of sedimentation and self-weight consolidation has been primary research area in dredged soil. However, good quality of the dredged soil and minimum water pollution caused by the pumping of reclaimed soil require intensive study of the flow characteristics of dredged material due to dumping. In this study, continuity and the equilibrium equations for mass flow assuming single phase was derived to simulate mass flow in dredged containment area. To optimize computation and modeling time for three dimensional geometry and boundary conditions, depth integration is applied to governing equations to consider three dimensional topography of the site. Petrov-Galerkin formulation is applied in spatial discretization of governing equations. Generalized trapezoidal rule is used for time integration, and Newton iteration process approximated the solution. DG and CDG technique were used for weighting matrix in discontinuous test function in dredged flow analysis, and numerical stability was evaluated by performed a square slump simulation. A comparative analysis for numerical methods showed that DG method applied to SU / PG formulation gives minimal pseudo oscillation and reliable numerical results.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.115-123
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• 2011

Distribution system loss minimization re-configuration is 0-1 planning problem, and the number of combinations requiring searches is extremely large when dealing with typical system scales. For this reason, the application of a genetic algorithm (GA) seems a tractive to solve this problem. Although Genetic algorithms are a type of random number search method, they incorporate a multi-point search feature and are therefore superior to one-point search techniques. The incorporate of GAs for solving large combinational problem has received wide attention. Further, parallel searching can be performed and the optimal solution is more easily reach ed. In this paper, for improving GA convergence characteristics in the distribution system loss minimization re-configuration problem, a chromosome "Limited Life" concept is introduced. Briefly, considering the population homogenization and genetic drift problems, natural selection is achieved by providing this new concept, in addition to natural selection by fitness. This is possible because individuals in a population have an age value. Simulation were carried out using a model system to check this method's validity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.4121-4128
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• 2010

A probe card is used in testing semiconductor wafers. It must maintain a precise location tolerance for a fine pitch due to highly densified chips. However, high heat transferred from its lower chuck causes thermal deformations of the probe card. Vertical deformation due to the heat will bring contact problems to the pins in the probe card, while horizontal deformation will cause positional inaccuracies. Therefore, probe cards must be designed with proper materials and structures so that the thermal deformations are within allowable tolerances. In this paper, heat transfer analyses under realistic loading conditions are simulated using ANSYS$^{TM}$ finite element analysis program. Thermal deformations are calculated based on steady-state temperature gradients, and an optimal structure of the probe card is proposed by adjusting a set of relevant design parameters so that the deformations are minimized.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.427-435
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• 2016

This study considers the design of a 130kW-class IPMSM for propulsion of a Tram-Train. This Tram-Train has a wide range of speed variation. For this reason, this study suggested IPMSM, which has wide speed variation as a motor for propulsion of the Tram-Train, a basic model suitable for the required traction force was designed. IPMSM has different electromagnetic and structural characteristics depending on the shapes of its rotor. Therefore, the suggested model was additionally designed, and by dividing a permanent magnet was changed so as th have a shape with an added bridge. Finally, by analyzing the load characteristics with finite element analysis of the basic and suggested models and by comparing electromagnetic and structural characteristics, a model has been derived that satisfies IPMSM for the propulsion of the Tram-Train.