• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.402-411
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine critical assessments and core competencies, and to determine the competence and discipline of self-assessment. We surveyed 511 students who graduated from 12 universities. Self-efficacy 24 items were measured on a 5-point scale, 8 core competencies and 52 detailed competencies were self - assessed from 0 to a maximum of 10 points. The higher the score, the higher the self - evaluation competency level. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 Ver., And a statistical significance level of 0.05 was considered. The self - evaluation competency level was the highest at 6.7 points in the clinical dentistry area, and the lowest at the evidence - based decision area of 5.7 points. Self-regulation was found to be positively related to the self-evaluation core competence level among self-efficacy sub-factors. As the students' self-efficacy affects subjective academic achievement and self-evaluation, it is necessary to develop and apply relevant programs to enhance critical thinking in curriculum, apply problem-based learning method, improve self-efficacy and leadership, It should be possible to cultivate.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.514-523
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• 2019

We investigated the gene expression patterns and the mechanisms of action of the apoptotic response by microarray analysis of human keratinocyte HaCaT cells treated with ginsenoside Rb1, a saponin of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Genes related to apoptosis, the G2/M transition of the mitotic cell cycle, cell division, mitotic nuclear division, and intracellular protein transport were 2-fold up-regulated in HaCaT cells treated with the ginsenoside Rb1, whereas genes related to DNA repair, regeneration fission, and extracellular matrix organization were 2-fold down-regulated. Apoptosis signaling may be mediated by FAS and PLA2G4A, and pathway analysis indicated that STAT3 might be an upstream regulator of these genes. The activity of FAS and PLA2G4A was verified by qPCR, which showed that FAS was increased about 2-fold in HaCaT cells treated with $10{\mu}g/ml$ of ginsenoside Rb1 for 24 hr, PLA2G4A was increased about twice after 6 hours, and gene expression was increased more than 2-fold after 24 hr. Knockdown of STAT3 with siRNA decreased FAS expression and increased PLA2G4A expression but only FAS was passed from the upstream regulator STAT3. These results indicate that STAT3, which is an upstream regulator, induces apoptosis via FAS during treatment with ginsenoside Rb1.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.378-386
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• 2018

GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR (GRF) genes encode plant-specific transcription factors and play critical roles in regulating the growth and development of lateral organs. In order to explore the agricultural potential of Brassica rapa GRF genes (BrGRFs), we constructed two BrGRF-overexpressing B. napus plants (BrGRF3-1OX and -9OX). BrGRF3-1OX and -9OX developed larger cotyledons, leaves, and seeds than the wild type. The increased organs' sizes were due to increases in cell number, but not due to cell size alterations. RT-PCR analysis revealed that BrGRFs regulated the expression of a wide range of genes that are involved in gibberellin-, auxin-, cell division-related growth processes. Taken together, our data indicate that BrGRFs act as positive regulators of B. napus growth, thus raising the possibility that they may serve as a useful genetic source for crop improvement with respect to organ size and seed production.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.117-128
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• 2021

The skeletal muscle development of Hanwoo steer has been processed in the prenatal and postnatal periods. Bovine satellite cell located in perimysium of muscle tissues has differentially distributed in peripheral tissues. The study of postnatal development of satellite cells can help understand the genetic and functional regulation of meat characteristics. Factors affecting muscle size increase are related to the accumulation of DNA or synthesis of RNA proteins. In this study, we observed muscle development and differentiation after culturing bovine satellite cells derived from longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus regions of Hanwoo muscle tissue. In addition, RNA sequencing data were analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEG) involved in intracellular muscle development and growth. The DEG of the two muscle tissues were compared according to 1day, 2day, 4day, and 7day. The overall gene expression level was confirmed by the heat map. Gene Ontology (GO) classification method was used to compare the expression level of gene groups affecting LD and SM development. The histology of GO was consistent with the time-cause change of LD and SM cell morphology. SM showed more active skeletal muscle development than LD. Even within the same time, SM expressed more genes than LD, thus synthesizing more muscle fibers

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.6_1
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• pp.1101-1107
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• 2022

The leaf temperature is principally regulated by the opening and closing of stomata that is sensitive to various kinds of plant physiological stress. Thus, the analysis of thermal imagery, one of remote sensing technique, will be useful to detect crop physiological condition on smart farm system and phenomics platform. However, there are few case studies using a thermal imaging camera on the agricultural application. In this study, three cases are presented: the effect of lime fertilizer on the rice, the different physiological properties of soybean under shading condition, and the screening of soybean breeds for salinity tolerance characteristic. The leaf temperature measured by thermal imaging camera on the three cases was used effectively to the physiological change and characteristics. However, the thermal imagery analysis requires considering the accuracy of measured temperature and the weather conditions that affects to the leaf temperature.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.411-418
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• 2023

Genome wide association studies (GWAS) identify genetic loci associated with quantitative traits in genomic selection. Although several studies have compared performance of various algorithms, no study compares them in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. This study compared the GWAS results of four mixed linear model (MLM) algorithms and one Fixed and random model Circulating Probability Unification (FarmCPU) algorithm in olive flounder. Considering gender and genetic association matrices as fixed and random effects, the MLM had stable performance without inflation for λ_GC (genomic inflation factor) of -log₁₀P. The FarmCPU algorithm had some appropriate λ_GC of -log₁₀P, and an upward tail was identified in quantile-quantile plots. Therefore, the models were suitable for detecting genetic variants associated with olive flounder growth traits. Moreover, significant genotypes appeared several times at chromosome 22, around which quantitative trait loci are expected to exist. Finally, in both models, some of the most genetic variants were found in genes related to growth traits, confirming their reliability. These results will be helpful when applied to the genomic selection of olive flounder growth traits in the future.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2023

Background: This study involved a geriatric oral care expert who developed the competencies of students in the Department of Dental Hygiene and conducted preliminary research to develop an effective curriculum. Methods: A questionnaire was conducted in the last week of class targeting students who took courses in geriatric dentistry, geriatric dental hygiene, and practice. In order to confirm the educational effect according to the differences in the geriatric dental hygiene curriculum, the differences in students' achievement of major competencies, awareness of the geriatric dental hygiene process, class satisfaction, and ageism were analyzed. Results: Regarding major competency attainment, 'communication competency' was significantly higher in PBL education that combined theory and practice than that theory-oriented PBL education (p=0.038). For ageism, the tendency to avoid older adults was low in PBL education, which combined theory and practice, and was statistically significant (p=0.040). For class satisfaction, the rate of responding 'very high' for the 'class atmosphere' was significantly high (p=0.025) for PBL education that combined theory and practice. Conclusion: The PBL teaching method can be useful as a geriatric dental hygiene curriculum. However, it would be more effective to create a curriculum so that education in geriatric dental hygiene care practice can be combined with theory rather than a theoretical education alone.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.3
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• pp.632-643
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• 2020

Purpose To investigate the correlation between magnetic resonance (MR) image-based radiomics features and the genomic features of breast cancer by focusing on biomolecular intrinsic subtypes and gene expression profiles based on risk scores. Materials and Methods We used the publicly available datasets from the Cancer Genome Atlas and the Cancer Imaging Archive to extract the radiomics features of 122 breast cancers on MR images. Furthermore, PAM50 intrinsic subtypes were classified and their risk scores were determined from gene expression profiles. The relationship between radiomics features and biomolecular characteristics was analyzed. A penalized generalized regression analysis was performed to build prediction models. Results The PAM50 subtype demonstrated a statistically significant association with the maximum 2D diameter (p = 0.0189), degree of correlation (p = 0.0386), and inverse difference moment normalized (p = 0.0337). Among risk score systems, GGI and GENE70 shared 8 correlated radiomic features (p = 0.0008-0.0492) that were statistically significant. Although the maximum 2D diameter was most significantly correlated to both score systems (p = 0.0139, and p = 0.0008), the overall degree of correlation of the prediction models was weak with the highest correlation coefficient of GENE70 being 0.2171. Conclusion Maximum 2D diameter, degree of correlation, and inverse difference moment normalized demonstrated significant relationships with the PAM50 intrinsic subtypes along with gene expression profile-based risk scores such as GENE70, despite weak correlations.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1079-1087
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• 2021

To analyze gut microbiota of livestock in Korea and compare taxonomic differences, we conducted 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis through next-generation sequencing. Fecal samples from broiler chickens, pigs, and cattle were collected from domestic feedlots randomly. α-diversity results showed that significant differences in estimated species richness estimates (Chao1 and ACE, Abundance-based coverage estimators) and species richness index (OUTs, Operational taxonomic units) were identified among the three groups. However, NPShannon, Shannon, and Simpson indices revealed that abundance and evenness of the species were statistically significant only for poultry (broiler chickens) and mammals (pigs and cattle). Firmicutes was the most predominant phylum in the three groups of fecal samples. Linear discriminant (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis was conducted to reveal the ranking order of abundant taxa in each of the fecal samples. A size-effect over 2.0 on the logarithmic LDA score was used as a discriminative functional biomarker. As shown by the fecal analysis at the genus level, broiler chickens were characterized by the presence of Weissella and Lactobacillus, as well as pigs were characterized by the presence of provetella and cattele were characterized by the presence of Acinetobacter. A permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) showed that differences of microbial clusters among three groups were significant at the confidence level. (p=0.001). This study provides basic data that could be useful in future research on microorganisms associated with performance growth, as well as in studies on the livestock gut microbiome to increase productivity in the domestic livestock industry.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.396-450
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• 1982

To obtain basic information on the Korean local corn lines a total of 57 lines were selected from 1,000 Korean local collection at Chungnam National University, classified by principal component analysis, and genetic nature was investigated. The results are summarized as follows. 1. There were a great variation in mean values of plant characters of the lines. The mean values of plant characters except for density of kernels varied with types of crossing. All characters except. for tasselling dates were reduced in magnitude when selfed, while those characters were increased when topcrossed. 2. The correlation coefficients among characters studied ranged front 0.99 to -0.59. The correlation coefficients among characters were not greatly changed depending upon types of crosses. 3. In order to classify the lines more effectively, selected 12 plant characters were used to classify 57 local lines by principal component analysis. The first four component could explain 86.4%, 83.4% and 81.1% of the total variations in sibbed lines, selfed lines and topcrossed lines, respectively. 4. Contribution of characters to principal component was high at upper principal components and low at lower principal components. 5. Biological meaning of the principal component and plant types corresponding to the each principal component were explained clearly by the correlation coefficient between principal components and characters. The first principal component appeared to correspond to the size of plant and ear. The second principal component appeared to correspond to the degree of differentiation in organs and the duration of vegetative growing period. But biological meaning of the third and fourth principal components was not clear. 6. The lines were classified into 4 lineal groups by the taxonomic distance. Group I included 52 lines which was 91.2% of total lines, group II 3 lines, group III 1 lines and group IV I lines, respectively. Four groups could be characterized as follows : Group I : early maturity, short-culmed, medium height plant, small ears, medium kernels and medium yielding. Group II : late maturity, medium height plant, small ears, small kernels, prolific ears and higher yielding. Group III : medium maturity, tall-culmed, small ears, small kernels and low yielding. Group IV : medium maturity, tall-calmed, large ears, one ear plant and me yielding. 7. The inbreeding depression varied with plant characters and lines. The characters such as yield, kernel weight per ear, ear weight and plant height showed great degree of inbreeding depression. Group I showed high inbreeding depression in such characters as 100 kernel weight, leaf number, plant height and days to tasselling, while group II showed high inbreeding depression in other plant characters. 8. Heterosis of plant characters varied also with lines. The ear weight, kernel weight per ear, yield, 100 kernel weight, and plant height were some of the plant characters showing high heterosis. Group II showed high values of heterosis in such characters as ear length, ear diameter, ear weight, kernel weight per ear, 100 kernel weight, and leaf length, while group I was high in heterosis in other plant characters. 9. The degree of homozgosity was highest in ear weight (79.1%) and lowest in ear number per plant (-21%). Group II showed higher degree of homozygosity than group I. 10. Correlation coefficients between characters of ribbed and topcrossed lines were positive for all characters. Highly significant. correlation coefficients between ribbed and topcrossed lines were obtained especially for characters such as ear number per plant, plant height, leaf length and yield per plot.