• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.1047-1057
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• 1998

Background : Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder of unknown origin and characterized by accumulation of T cells and macrophages. Various cytokines may play crucial roles in the activation of T cells and macrophages, and thereby in the formation of granulomas. However, little is known about the balance between proinflammatory cytokines and antiinflammatory cytokines in the development of sarcoid granulomas and disease activities. In the present study, we measured IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) from patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis to find out whether there is an imbalance between proinflammatory cytokines and antiinflammatory cytokines in the lung. Methods: Fourteen subjects with the diagnosis of sarcoidosis and six healthy volunteers were included. BALF was concentrated ten-fold by pressure ultrafiltration and each cytokine levels were measured by EUSA method. Active sarcoidosis was defined by major organ involvement or clinically progressive diseases. Results: The mean IL-6 levels in the BALF of the active sarcoidosis group were significantly increased than in controls or inactive sarcoidosis group(p<0.05). Meanwhile, the IL-8 levels were increased and IL-10 levels were decreased in the active sarcoidosis group than in controls or inactive sarcoidosis group without significance(p>0.05). In active pulmonary sarcoidosis patients, the IL-6 levels in BALF correlated with the BALF CD4/CD8 ratio(r=0.768, p<0.05) and IL-8 levels(r=0.564, p<0.05). Conclusions : The data presented showed that pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 is important in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis and decreased tendency of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 might also be involved in the development of granulomatous inflammation in sarcoidosis.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.367-371
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• 1996

Camellia oil refined under laboratory conditions had a lower content of linoleic acid, higher oleic acid and lower iodine value than soybean oil. The oxidative stability of camellia oil from POV and AV was much higher than that of soybean oil during autoxidation. The acid values of both oils increased with frequency of frying whereas iodine value decreased. The significant decrease of iodine value of soybean oil compared to camellia oil is thought to be because more double bonds are present in soybean oil than in camellia oil. The result of sensory evaluation for taste, color, odor and total acceptance of potato chips fried with camellia, soy-bean and corn oil revealed that the potato chips prepared from camellia oil was the most favorable.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.120-140
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate whether adherence to the Korea Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) was associated with metabolic syndrome and risk markers. Methods: The participants included 8,345 adults, aged 20-59 years, who took part in the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The data were analyzed using a complex-sample t-test, the Rao Scott χ²-test, and logistic regression analysis on the SPSS v. 26.0 software. The participants were divided into four groups by quartiles of KHEI scores. Results: The average KHEI score was 61.06 points out of 100, and the women's score (62.50 points) was significantly higher than that of men (59.63 points). The KHEI quartiles status showed significant differences by age (p < 0.001), household income (p < 0.001), smoking status (p < 0.001), and food security. Specifically, the KHEI quartiles in the men showed significant differences in education (p < 0.001) and economic activity (p < 0.001) whereas those of women showed significant differences in alcohol-consumption (p < 0.001), depression (p < 0.01) and eating-out (p < 0.001). As the KHEI scores increased, the proportion of subjects with an energy intake below the estimated energy requirement (EER) was lower, and significantly better levels of intake were observed for carbohydrate, protein, vitamin C, calcium, vitamin B₁, vitamin B₂, and niacin. The incidence of the metabolic syndrome risk factors, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia for men and hypertension, and hyperglycemia for women showed significant differences. The KHEI scores were inversely associated with abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Based on these results, we conclude that higher adherence to the KHEI was associated with lower metabolic syndrome risk factors and incidence of the metabolic syndrome.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.106.2-106.2
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• 2010

동식물성 기름과 메탄올의 전이에스테르화 반응에 의해 생산되는 바이오디젤은 환경친화성과 지속가능성이 인정됨에 따라 그 생산량이 급격히 증가하고 있어 대두유, 유채유, 팜유 등의 원료유 부족과 가격 상승, 수급 불안정 등의 문제가 대두되고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위한 방안으로 유리지방산 함량이 높은 저가유지 자원(폐식용유, 폐돈지, 폐우지, soapstock, trapped grease)과 새로운 오일 작물을 이용한 생산 기술 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 비활용 해외 열대작물 씨앗에서 착유한 식물성 오일을 정제하여 바이오디젤 원료유를 생산하는 과정에서 발생하는 폐기물(폐유, 폐수)의 경제적 처리 방안으로 유화유 제조 원료(벙커C유, 물)와 유화유 제조 첨가제(무기계, 유기계)로 활용 가능성을 검토하였다. 열대작물 오일의 물성 분석 결과 고형물, 수분, 인지질(phospholipid), 유리지방산(free fatty acid) 함량이 기존 원료유보다 매우 높게 나타났다. 인지질은 바이오디젤 제조 반응후 에스테르와 글리세린의 층분리를 방해하고 유리지방산은 염기촉매와 결합하여 지방산염을 생성해 생산 수율을 감소시킨다. 고형물과 수분 역시 촉매반응에 악영향을 가지나 여과와 감압증발에 의해 쉽게 제거가 가능하다. 유리지방산은 산촉매 에스테르화 반응에 의해 제거가 가능하다. 인지질은 탈검(degumming) 과정을 통해 제거하며 탈검은 수용성 탈검, 산 탈검, 세정 공정으로 구성된다. 착유한 원료유의 고형물을 제거 후 물과 수세하여 수용성 인지질을 수화하여 층 분리해 제거하고 상층의 오일은 추가적인 산 탈검을 수행한다. 그 뒤 세정을 통해 사용된 탈검제인 산과 추가적으로 수화된 인지질을 제거하게 된다. 이러한 3단계의 탈검 과정에서 하층으로 오일과 물이 폐기물로서 배출되며 본 연구에서는 배출 폐기물을 다시 층분리하여 오일층과 물 층으로 구분하여 유화유 제조에 사용되는 벙커C유, 물, 그리고 기존 유기계 및 무기계 유화제의 대체 가능성을 조사하였다. 유화 연료유는 기름과 물을 균일한 분산상으로 혼합한 연료유로 연소시 오일계 성분의 미연분을 감소시켜 연료 효율 제고와 배출가스 성상을 개선하기 위해 개발되어 왔다. 본 발표에서는 다양한 종류의 상용 첨가제 및 바이오디젤 원료유 생산 폐기물을 활용해 유화 연료유를 제조하였으며 각 유화유의 장시간의 상(phase) 안정성을 비교하였다. 바이오 폐기물 중에는 천연 계면활성제(surfactant)인 인지질이 다량 함유되어 있어 기존의 무기계 및 유기계 유화제보다 상 안정성이 우수하게 나타났으며 바이오디젤 원료유 생산 공정의 폐기물인 폐유과 폐수의 활용이 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 2013

This study was designed to examine the effect of sea buckthorn (SBT) leaves on hepatic antioxidative enzyme levels in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by an injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Sprague-Dawley rats were then fed for four weeks, with experimental groups receiving a modified diet containing 10% or 20% powder derived from SBT leaves. The experimental groups were divided into six groups: a normal (N)-control group, N-SBT 10% and N-SBT 20% treated groups, STZ-control, STZ-SBT 10% and STZ-SBT 20% treated groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) levels were measured in liver cytosol. The results showed that the level of SOD was significantly increased in the N-SBT 20% group but not statistically different in the diabetic group. The level of CAT was significantly higher in the N-SBT 20% group compared to the control group. The level of GPX was significantly increased in the N-SBT 20% group and the diabetic supplementary group. In contrast, the level of XOD was significantly decreased in the diabetic group supplemented with SBT leaves.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.261-265
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• 1997

To know the availability of double fractionated palm olein (DFPL) for vegetable oil in commercial mayonnaise preparation, oxidative stability and stability to cold test of DFPL, soybean oil and blended oils (blended soybean oil with DFPL) were tested. Mayonnaises with these oils were prepared and then emulsion stability at low temperature $(-5^{\circ}C)$ were compared. The oxidative stability of vegetable oil by Rancimat test showed that induction time of DFPL (26.9 hr) was longer when compared with soybean oil (13.4 hr), and became longer with increase of DFPL ratio in the blended oil. Emulsion stability of mayonnaises at low temperature $(-5^{\circ}C)$ was decreased with the increase of DFPL ratio in the blended oil. But, mayonnaise with blended oil of below 20% DFPL was comparable to that with soybean oil only. Among quality characteristics of mayonnaises with soybean oil and blended oil (soybean oil 85% plus DFPL 15%) the latter showed stronger oxidative stability and less flavor reversion during high temperature treatment. This result suggested that the possibility of DFPL to substitute for vegetable oil in the preparation of commercial mayonnaise.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.750-760
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• 2009

In this study, the various effects of Salicornia herbacea, including antioxidative function, antibiotic, and anti-inflammatory effect, and the effect of sebiparous reduction due to intervention of the DHT hormone were investigated using. The result of this study Based on this analysis, the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and WBC were found to be significantly decreased and SOD, Ca, K, and Zn were shown to be significantly increased significantly in the group that received the SH pill group after trial fora 12 week trials. Testosterone and DHT were increased in the SH pill group, but it was not statistically significant. In the case of the skin condition measurements, the number of blackhead pores, skin oiliness, keratin and, MIC were significantly decreased, and the pH was decreased to normal pH in the SH pill group. Therefore, it was confirmed that overall skin condition was improved due to Salicornia herbacea diet. The results of this research result can contribute so demonstrate the potential of actively using that the Salicornia herbacea can be actively developed as a health supplement, and a medication.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.465-470
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• 1991

In order to investigate the thermal and oxidative stability of different frying oils including soybean oil, palm oil, two blended oils of soybean-palm (5 : 5 and 7 : 3) and shortening, physico-chemical properties such as acid value, peroxide value, TBA value, degree of coloring, refractive index and specific gravity of the frying oils were measured during the preparation of French fried potatoes by repeated frying. The instability of soybean oil against thermal and oxidative degradation could be lessened by using blended oils in which the ratio of palm oil to soybean oil is more than 50%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 1990

This research was performed to observe the effect on aggregation of rat platelet treated with ginkgo and perilla oil which contain much linolenic acid. The numbers of platelet treated with ginkgo and perilla oil were $2.7{\times}10^{8}/m{\ell}\;and\;4.7{\times}10^{8}/m{\ell}$, respectively. These numbers were much less than control group(this group was $7.5{\times}10^{8}/m{\ell}$). The ability of platelet aggregation treated with Perilla oil and ginkgo oil was 1.4 folds less than control group. Concentrations of total cholesterol and free fatty acid in serum of rat treated with ginkgo and perilla oil group were almost equal to those of control group. group.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 2000

본 연구는 찹쌀가루액에 효소처리 및 미생물 접종을 시킴으로써 유과의 제조시 수침과정을 거치지 않고도 유과를 만들수 있는 새로운 방법을 개발하기 위하여 시도되었다. 찹쌀 수침액에 분포된 미샐울은 Bacillus sp와 Lastobacillus spp.로 나타났다. 찹쌀 수침액에 인위적으로 상기 미생물을 배양하였을 대 유과를 제조하기 위한 최적 조건은 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 18시간 이었다. 이때 찹쌀수침액의 PH는 배양시간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 이 찹쌀 수침액에서는 수침시간이 증가함에 따라 $\alpha$-amylase 활성이 증가하여 효소처리된 시료액의 효소 활성화 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 유과의 팽화도는 효소처리시킨 혼합 접종처리 군을 제외한 모든 처리군에서 28일간 수침한것과 유사하게 나타났다. 경도와 peak수는 모든 처리순에서 28일간 수침시킨 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 더 낮게 나타났다.(P<0.05). 미세구조에서 기공수는 효소처리시킨 단독 접종군이 다른 모든 처리군에 비해 더 많은 기공수를 지니고 있었고 기공의 둘레 및 면적도 유의 적으로 낮은 수치를 나타내었다. .(P<0.05). 따라서, 수침공정을 대폭 단축할 수 있었으며, 향후 미생물 접종을 고려한 효소처리 조건을 정밀 분석한다면 수침공정이 없어도 유과의 품질특성을 나타내는것이 가능할 것으로 보인다.